ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY FOURTH EDITION W S. M , MD ESLEY OORE Professor andChief Emeritus Division ofVascularSurgery University ofCalifornia Medical Center LosAngeles, California S S. A , MD, FACS AMUEL HN University Vascular Associates LosAngeles, California DFWVascular Group Dallas, Texas 1600JohnF.KennedyBovlevard Suite1800 Philadelphia,Pennsylvania19103-2899 ENDOVASCULARSURGERY ISBN:978-1-4160-6208-0 Copyright(cid:1)2011,2001,1992,1989bySaunders,animprintofElsevierInc. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic ormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem, without permission in writing from the Publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies, and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency can be found at our website:www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein). Notice Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchand experiencebroadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices,or medicaltreatmentmaybecomenecessary. Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgein evaluatingandusinganyinformation,methodscompounds,orexperimentsdescribedherein.In usingsuchinformationormethods,theyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafetyandthesafetyof others,includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility. Withrespecttoanydrugorpharmaceuticalproductsidentified,readersareadvisedtocheck themostcurrentinformationprovided(i)onproceduresfeaturedor(ii)bythemanufacturerof eachproducttobeadministeredtoverifytherecommendeddoseorformula,themethodand durationofadministrationandcontraindications.Itistheresponsibilityofpractitioners,relying ontheirownexperienceandknowledgeoftheirpatients,tomakediagnoses,todetermine dosagesandthebesttreatmentforeachindividualpatient,andtotakeallappropriatesafety precautions. Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,oreditors assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatterofproducts liability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods,products, instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Endovascularsurgery/[editedby]WesleyS.Moore,SamuelS.Ahn.-- 4thed. p.;cm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-1-4160-6208-0(hardcover:alk.paper) 1. Blood-vessels--Endoscopicsurgery.2. Angioscopy.3. Angioplasty I.Moore,WesleyS.II.Ahn,SamuelS. [DNLM:1. VascularSurgicalProcedures--methods.2. Angioplasty, Balloon--methods.3. Endoscopy--methods. WG170] RD598.5.E532011 617.4’130597--dc22 2010039799 AcquisitionsEditor:JudithFletcher DevelopmentalEditor:RachelYard PublishingServicesManager:AnneAltepeter SeniorProjectManager:BethHayes MarketingManager:CaraJespersen DesignDirection:LouForgione PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Lastdigitistheprintnumber:987654321
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