Encyclopedia of Yoga and Tantra

462 Pages·010.324 MB·English

by  Georg Feuerstein

THE
ENCYCLOPEDIA
OFY OGA
AND TANTRA
THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
Yoaa ndT antra
g
GeorFge uerstein
SttAMBHALA
Bost&o Lno ndon
2011
SHAMBHALPAU BLICATIOINNSC,.
HorticHualltlu ral
30M0a ssachAuvseentutes
BostMoans,s ach0u21s51e tts
www .shambhala.com
© 19972,01 b1y G eorg Feuerstein
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Contents
Preftaotc hReee viEsdeidt iovnu
Preftaotc hFeei rEsdti ti· oinx
NotoenT ransliatnePdrr aotniuonnc iaxitiiio n
Introducxtvi on
·
GeneOrraile nt·a txxv ion
THEE NCYCLOPEDIYAO GOAAF N DT ANTRA•
Bibliogr4a3p3h y
·
IllusCtrreadtiit4o3sn9
·
v
Preftaotc heRe e viEsdeidt ion
A
BOOKR EVISIOsNo metiamffeosrt dhsae u thaonro pportutnori et­y
visihoiwnso rkwh,i cfho rtunhaatbsee letynh cea shee rAep.a rfrto m
correcftliainwngts h fier setd itoifto hnie sn cycloapnedud pidaa ting
ore xpandeixnigs etnitnrgI ih easv,ae d deodv efirv ehu ndrneedwe ntrtioe s
makteh riesf erweonrcke msotriuels le fMuyle .x tencsoivveer oafmg aet erial
onT antwrhai,ci hsn owadawyisl dployp ulbaurat l swoi ldmliys understood,
warranatn eedwb ootki tElnecy:c loopfYe odgaiana Td a ntra.
Botmhy p ubliasnhdea rn umbeorfr eadhearvsme o,r eovweorn,d ered
whyI d idn oti nclujdues tiffaimaobulsYy o gmaa stesrusca hs B .K .S .
IyenograS rw amSia tyaniannt dhafie r setd itoifot nh ibso okM.y r eason
foro mitttihnegwm a st hatth ewye rleu cksitliayll lia vnedt hatth eiinrc lu­
siowno ulhda voep entehdde o oforr o thepre,r halpesbs osn fiad ep erson­
alitsiteiaslm lo nugs W.i tht hirse vivseerds iIho anv,de i scamrydi endi tial
misgivainndig nsc lutdheods e wwhheot,h deera odr a livhea,vb ee en
influehnitsitaolr oirch aalvlseyi gnificcaonnttlryi beuittehtdeoH r i ndu
Yoga/Tapnrtarcat( iscueca hsS hrAin andamuTrhteioB,se rnaPradu,l
BruntTo.nK ,.V .D esikaBc.hK a.Sr .I, y engPaart,t aJbohiis , SSawtaymai­
nandeat,c o.rt) o r eseaorncH hi ndYuo ga/Ta(nsturacashS .C .B anerjee,
R.S .B hattachSa.Nr .Dy aas,g upMtiar,c Eelai aJd.We .,H aueSri,Jr o hn
WoodroHf.fZ ei,m meert,c W.i)t.h itnh sep ecciofimcp aosfts h irse vision,
Ih avbee eanb lteoi ncloundleay r elatsimvaeallslys ortomfen natm eIs .
makneo a polfoogtryh fea ctth amty s elecitsoi fno enc esbsaistoeynd s ome­
whastu bjeccrtiitvee ria.
Anothneerwf eatiustr heie n cluosfim oann yn umergirco upisnugcashs,
ashtadasahnadp- asnicdad-hwkahl iecishsah par,o minaesnpte ocfHt i n­
duism.
Ih avsep arneode fforttom akteh itsh meo suts efualn dc omprehensive
referweonrcfoker t hgee nerreaald Ieo rw.et hantkoSs h ambhPaulbal ica­
tioinnsp ,a rtiPceutlTeaurrr nfeorgr,e neroouffselryim netg h oep portunity
tou nderttahkirese visIia olnsw.oi sthoe xtemnydt hantkoCs h loFeo ster
andJ ameRsu dnicwkhaosg ,u idtehdib so otkh routghhee d itoprrioacle ss,
andt om yc opyedKietnozrGi reu bifotrzi ,r onionugti nconsisAt encies.
VII
PREFATCOET HER EVIDS EEDITION
hearttfhealnytko ua lstooS wamBih arfoarth ii rse ahdeyl wpi tsho mdei ffi­
cult-to-iplrloucsutrreIa t triutoshntasm t.y e fforwtislb ler ewarbdyea dn
improved upnudbelrisct aonfId niidnag't swi n spirituoaflY ogtar aditions
andT antra.
GeoFregu erstein
2010
viii
Preftaotc heFe i rEsdti tion
Y
OGA ISA N IMMENSELYr icahn dh ighcloym plsepxi rittruaadli tion,
witahh isttohraiytsn owt hougthoet x teonvdea rtl eafisvtme i llen­
niaI.tc ompriasg ersem aatn ya pproacshcehso,ot lesa,c hteerxst,s ,
practaincdte esc,h nvioccaalb ulIanvr iieeowsfi . t ssh eveerr saatnidlp irtoy­
tracted Yhoigsmatu osrbtye c, o untaesd twhoer lfodr'esm otsrta diotfi on
psychosptirraintsufoarlm aDteisopnit.th een umerobuoso kasv ailoanb le
Yoga, fwevr eerfyl ect that astOovuetnrhd yeie nagIr h sra,iv ecenh dneeasvs­.
oretdoc onvseoym oef t hsep lenadnodsr u btloeftt hideei sv eyrosgepi act hs
inm yv arious publications.
Thep reseenncty cloipsae ndoitahe effro rttog ivaena uthepnotritcr ayal
oft hYeo gtar adiatnidto oun n loictwkse alatnhdp erhasposmo ef i tsse crets
forW esteprrna ctithiiosnteorrosif,ra enlsi gainodIn n,d oloTghiesrtaesr .e
sevedriaclt ioonfaY roigieanse xistbeunttch ee,as reee i ther too obscure and
notr eadily aovri anialdaebqlauena dut ner eliIanbt lheefo.r mecra tegory
belontghseY ogKao fcao,m piblyeSd w amDii gambaanrdjD ir .M ahajot
Saha(iL onaPvoloan,Ia n,d iKaa:i valyaSd.hM a.Ym .aM .S ami1t9i7,2 ).
While ctohmipsi lactoinotnam iannsyv aluaabnldde e tairleefde reintcse s,
scoipsel imiatneddi ,to sr ganiziasst uictohhn a otn lSya nskrciatanic sctess s
ita ndb enefrfiotm i tA.n othneort ewoprutbhlyi ciastD iroR.na mK umar
RaiE'nsc ycloofYp oegd(aVira aa naIsnid,iP ar:a chPyraa kas1h9a7n5,L) i.k e
thYe ogKao ftah,ic so mpilaltiistothnese n triinSe asn skrit alphabetical order
andi st herefore relativteotl hyle a riyen aadcAeclres.sto sh,sie eb lleec otfi on
conceipsrt ast her uannedtv hedene scripatrioeoc ncsa siodniaglrleys sive.
Neitdhierc tiocnoanrtyaE inngsl einsthr oirec sr oss-refeArmeonnctgeh se.
populdairc tionmaerniteimsou,ns bte m adoef E rneWsoto d'Yso gWai sdom
(NewY orkP:h ilosoLpihbircaa1rl9y 7,0T )h.ib so ohka so nlsyo met hree
hundreendt rwiheisc,ah rn eo atl waaycsc urSaltieg.bh itglgybe urst u ffering
frotmh sea mseh ortcomiisHn agrsv Deayy 'Yso gIal lusDtircattieodn ary
(LondKoany:&e W ard1,9 71).
Thei deoafp repaarnie nngc ycloopfYe odgiaa wtohualtcd o mbicnoem ­
prehensiwvietnahec scse ssiobcicluirttroyem de i nt hee ar1l9y8 0Asft.e r
plafonrsa large-wsocrafakli el etdom ateriaa lsiozmee,w haabtb reviated
IX
PREFATCOET HEF RISTE DITION
verswiaosin s suuendd etrht ei tElnec yclDoipcetdioiofcYn oag(ryaN e Ywo rk:
ParagHoonu s1e9,9 0w)h,i crhe ceitvheOedu tstanAdciandge mBioco okf
thYee aarw arfodr1 99fr1o mC hoiapc ueb,l icfoartl iiobnr arWihaennts h.e
firsetd ithiaodbn e esno lodu tS,h ambhPaulbal icattomi yod nesl,i ogfh­t,
ferteodr eismsyuw eo rikn t hper estehnotr ourgehvliyas nedgd r eaetxl­y
pandfoerdm T.h inse we ditiisaog nr atirfyeianlgi zoafmt yio orni ggionaalls
ofc omprehensainvdae cnceessss ibility.
Thiesn cyclonpoewdc ioam,p riwseilnolgv etrw ot houseanntdr iisae rs­,
rangaenddw rititnes nu cahw ayt hadte,s ptihtweee alotfdh e tgaiivle int,
wililn forramt htehra onv erwhtehllema rye adwehri,la tet hsea mtei me
providing rveafleuraefobnrltc ehep esr ofessYioogrnaea sle aracnhdhe irs to­
riaonfr eligWihoinlt.eh icso mpilactaiunos ne fublelc yo nsuilntc eodn junc­
tiowni tthh tee chndiiccatli omneanrtiieosan beodvs ee,v eurnailq fueea tures
makieat n e ncyclorpaetdhtiehara a nm ergel ossoardr iyc tioFniarresyat.c, h
entirscy a refudlelfiyn aendd c ross-ref(earse nicnedbdiy ac satteerdbi es­ks
forew ordtsh aatp peaasrs epareantter iaelsl)o,wt ihnreg e adteofor l low
perticnoenncte ptualS elcionnkndau,gm ebaseo .rf o rientaetnitorfunirae­ls
nisthh ree adweirt ohv ervioeftw hsme o ssti gnifiacsapnetoc ftt sh Yeo ga
tradistuicoahnsi , t hsi stoprsyy,ch oolromg ayj,ob rr ancThheisr.td h,ee n ­
triaersae l ilnE nglailsphh abeotridceaarnl dm ,o reovienrc,l kuedwyeo rds
inE ngliwsihtr,he feretnotc heesSi arn skrit eoqruo itvhaerlree lnetvsa nt
Sanskrit conceptesn.t rcFiiientosaer el, vl eyqn,u omttaehn,mey o sitm por­
tanotr iginal sourecmepsh,a stithzheivern iegtb ayol fiY toyg as'csr iptural
legaacnydi ,ti sh opeidn,s pitrhirene ga dteoer x amitnheoe r igimnoarles
closely. Atlhtieosng ceytchleorip,sie ndtiean tdoep dr oviads ee lecbtuitv e
represenrtaantgoiefc v oen cepts stuogffi icvaienea nutt horictoavteirvaeg e
oft hem anya speocftY so gtah eoarnydp ractaincdte o p rovivdael uable
guidelfoirfun retsh setru odryr esearch.
Iw oulldi kteoe xprmeysh se arttfhealnttko as l tlh omsaen yf riecnodls­,
leaguaensdc, o rrespownhdoeo nvtetsrh yee ahrasv fuer themryei dn terest
inY ogaan ds pirittruaadli tiingo ennse rIah la.va el renaadmye mdo sotf
theimn m yp reviboouoskH se.r Ies pecifiwciastlholt yh anPkr ofeSsusbo­r
hasKha ka ndD aviFdr awlfoeryp rovidtihnsegt imufolrum sy c omplete
reapproafia snacli eInntd ihains t(oarnytd h uasl stoh eea rlhiiessttoo fr y
Yogaa)n df ocro authowriitmnheg I nS earocfth hC er adolfCe i vilization;
DaviDdy kstforrla a boroinna gm ultimevdeiraso ifot nh iesn cyclopedia;
MatthGerwe enbolfIa nttnD eirr ecmtaigoanzaisnn dem ys wamfrii enodfs
HinduTiosdmma ayg azfoirnk ei ndplryo vidmienw gi tphh otograanpdh s
illusttraoct hiooofrnsosem ;Y ogacaBr.Ky .Sa . I yenfograh ri lso vimnogr al
suppoarntdt huen expegcitoftef ad s tatoufPe a tanKjeanldir;a Crossen and
Larry Hamfobret rhleeiindr i tolraibaoolrfl ove; Samuelfo rh Biesr cholz
x
PREFATCOET HEF RISTE DITION
visiaosan p ublisEhveesrri. n mcyefi rsetn counwtiettrhh weo rlodfY oga
onm yt hirtebeinrtthhY doagyha,a csl aimmeyad t tenatgiaoainnn d a gain,
botphe rsonaanldpl ryo fessiIoa nmga rlelayit.n ldye bttote hdme a steorfs
anciaenndmt o dertni mewsh,oh avtea ugmhetm ucthh roughw rtihteiinrg s.
Il ikteot hionfkt hiesn cycloapsae t doikaeo nfm yd eeapp preciation and
gratiatnudda esa, c ontribtuokt eieopni tnhgte r adiotfia ount heYnotgiac
alive.
GeoFregu erstein
1997
xi