Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion PDF
Preview Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion
David A. Leeming Editor Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion Second Edition 1 3 Reference Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion David A. Leeming Editor Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion Second Edition With96Figuresand5Tables Editor DavidA.Leeming EmeritusProfessor UniversityofConnecticut Storrs,CT,USA ISBN978-1-4614-6085-5 ISBN978-1-4614-6086-2(eBook) ISBN978-1-4614-6087-9(printandelectronicbundle) DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-6086-2 SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013952751 #SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeor part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway, andtransmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware, orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthis legalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterial suppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,for exclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.Duplicationofthispublicationorpartsthereofis permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its currentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Permissionsfor usemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesare exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Whiletheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateof publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibilityforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty, expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface The first edition of the Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion was publishedin2010bySpringerunderthejointeditorshipofDavidLeeming, KathrynMadden,andStantonMarlan.Sincethattime,theencyclopediahas beena“living”onlineprojectleadingtothepresentsecondeditionunderthe editorship of David Leeming. Dr. Leeming has taught courses in myth, religion, and literature for many years and has published several books on these subjects, including the Oxford Companion to World Mythology, and until recently was Editor-in-Chief of Springer’s award-winning Journal of ReligionandHealth.HeisEmeritusPresidentoftheBlanton-PealeGraduate Institute,theoriginalsponsoroftheencyclopedia. TheEncyclopediaofPsychologyandReligiongrowsoutofthedeveloping awarenessoftheneedtoreintegratethestudiesofthemindwiththoseofthe spirit. By bringing together the disciplines of psychology and religion, it unitesthetwoareasofthoughtconcernedwiththebehaviorandmotivations ofhumanbeingsandprovidesacrucialnewresourceforthecollaborationand mutualilluminationofthesetwofields.Forthoseinthestudyofreligion,it offers new tools for understanding the images, structures, symbols, and rhythms that constitute the vocabulary of religious experience. For those in thefieldofpsychologyitrevealsdeeppatternsofmeaningandpracticethat informhumancultureandthepersonalidentityofmillions. The Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion serves as a valuable and accessiblereferenceworkinbothelectronicandprintversionsforacademic libraries and their patrons and will be of particular use to the growing community of researchers, academics, teachers, clergy, therapists, coun- selors,andotherprofessionalswhoareinvolvedinthedevelopingreintegra- tionofthefieldsofreligionandpsychology. DavidA.Leeming v Acknowledgments The Editor-in-Chief and Associate Editors wish to thank the members of Springer Science+Business Media staff in both Germany and the United Statesfortheirsupportonthisproject.WeareparticularlygratefultoCarol Bischoff,MichaelHermann,DanielaGraf,andChristineHausmannfortheir consistenthelpandsupport. DavidA.Leeming vii Topical Table of Contents AbrahamandIsaac AnaisN.Spitzer Abyss KathrynMadden ActiveImagination LeonSchlamm AdamandEve StuartZ.Charme´ Adler,Alfred MelissaK.Smothers Adoption RonaldKatz Affect JoNash AfricanAmericanSpirituality KathyCoffman;JamieD.Aten;RyanM.Denney; TiffaniFutch AfricanDiasporaReligions Alexander(Alejandro)V.Gonzalez AfricanTraditionalReligion DanoyeOguntola-Laguda Ahimsa TrishO’Sullivan Akedah LynnSomerstein AlchemicalMercuriusandCarlGustavJung MathewMather Allah,TheConceptof NajiAbi-Hashem Allport,Gordon RalphHood AlteredStatesofConsciousness BrandonRandolph-Seng AmericanBuddhism RobertKaizenGunn AmitaBuddha MinqinWang(王敏琴);LeeW.Bailey Amplification JoeCambray Analogy(Islamic) AmaniFairak AnalyticalPsychology ClaudiaNagel Ananda PaulLarson Androgyny JeffreyB.Pettis Angels V.WalterOdajnyk AnimaandAnimus JohnRyanHaule AnimalSpirits LeeW.Bailey AnimectomyComplex JohnEricKillinger Animism LeeW.Bailey AnthropocentricView StaceyEnslow Anthropomorphism LeeW.Bailey Antichrist BobbiDykemaKatsanis Anti-Semitism DanielBurston Anxiety AllanHughColeJr. Apocalypse CharlesB.Strozier Apollo DavidA.Leeming ApollonianandDionysian DavidA.Leeming ix
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