Encyclopedia of Plague and Pestilence. From Ancient Times to the Present PDF
Preview Encyclopedia of Plague and Pestilence. From Ancient Times to the Present
Encyclopedia of plague and pestilence from ancient times to the present Third Edition Encyclopedia of plague and pestilence from ancient times to the present Third Edition GEORGE CHILDS KOHN, Editor Encyclopedia of Plague and Pestilence: From Ancient Times to the Present, Third Edition Copyright © 2008, 2001, 1995 by George Childs Kohn All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Encyclopedia of plague and pestilence : from ancient times to the present / George Childs Kohn, editor. — 3rd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ). ISBN-13: 978-0-8160-6935-4 ISBN-10: 0-8160-6935-2 1. Epidemics—History—Encyclopedias. I. Kohn, George C. RA649.E53 2007 614.403—dc22 2006041296 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at 212/967-8800 or 800/322-8755. You can fi nd Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfi le.com. Text design by Annie O’Donnell Cover design by Salvatore Luongo Maps by Patricia Meschino Printed in the United States of America VB CGI 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. C O N T E N T S LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS vii LIST OF MAPS ix FOREWORD xi PREFACE xiii ENTRIES A–Z 1 APPENDIX 1 ENTRIES BY DISEASE 455 APPENDIX 2 GEOGRAPHICAL LIST OF ENTRIES 467 APPENDIX 3 TIMETABLE OF PLAGUE AND PESTILENCE 475 BIBLIOGRAPHY 491 INDEX 511 L I S T O F I L L U S T R AT I O N S Galen 9 Black and brown rats 102 Indian refugees living in a warehouse in Calcutta 169 Danish men sick with influenza Cardinal Thomas Wolsey 106 during Asian Influenza Government workers collect King Charles II 118 Pandemic of 1957–58 12 dead rats to be checked for Notice about the sickness of plague bacteria 184 Image of A Brief Rule to guide King Louis XIV 119 the Common People of Women covering their “The fly paper merchant” 120 New England How to order mouths and noses in fear of Engraving of the plague in themselves and theirs in the contracting Indian plague 185 Florence, Italy 127 Small Pocks, or Measles, Engraving entitled written by Reverend Christopher Columbus 130 “The Plague” by Thomas Thacher 34 Girolamo Fracastoro 131 Marcantonio Raimondi 199 Cotton Mather 36 Engraving of cholera epidemic Crewmen aboard an old John Snow 44 of 1832–33 by Honoré warship suffering from Edward Jenner taking cowpox Daumier 132 typhus fever 205 from the arm of a Engraving by Paulus Furst Images of Buddha 209 milkmaid 50 of typical clothing worn Maniac, in front of dying by physicians to protect Title page of Edward Jenner’s citizens, announcing the them against pamphlet, 1798 51 doom of London 227 plague 136 Fly that causes sleeping Queen Mary II 234 Workers carrying Ebola sickness 68 virus victim corpse to Thomas Sydenham 235 David Livingstone 76 their truck in Mekambo, John Arbuthnot 236 Alphonse Laveran 78 Gabon 141 Crowded conditions that were Hippocrates 80 Martin Luther 144 breeding grounds for Florence Nightingale 81 Toussaint Louverture being disease 238 King Louis VII of France 83 arrested by the French Young girl carrying bucket in Drawings of three species of general Charles Victor Madagascar 243 Leclerc 155 louse 88 Three people wearing Major Walter Reed 157 Robert Koch at work in his protective clothing at plague laboratory 95 Max Theiler 160 hospital 251 vii viii Encyclopedia of Plague and Pestilence African green, or vervet, 16th-century engraving of an AIDS patient being assisted monkey 253 infirmary ward in the by a nurse at his home in Hôtel-Dieu 295 Hlabisa in mid-July 2000 380 Drawing of “The Plague of Marseille” from the painting Benjamin Rush 304 Caravans with merchants and Peste de Marseille, by Baron pilgrims riding on donkeys Alexandre (-Émile-John) Francois Gérard 254 in the Middle East 391 Yersin 311 Hernán Cortés 260 Patient receiving medical drugs Carlos Juan Finlay 321 in the TB ward of Bottom Historical painting Napoleon Saint Gregory I 323 Hospital in Malawi 398 Visiting the Plague-Stricken Drawings of two malarial in Jaffa 269 Thai patients in the “final mosquitoes 333 stages” ward of the Broadsheet publicizing an Rupert Blue 339 Buddhist Prabat Namphu official resolution by the Connecticut governor British physician examining a Temple’s AIDS hospice, and his council, following wounded Siberian soldier northeast of Bangkok, a meeting on October 30, for signs of typhus fever 348 2003 401 1974, concerning a Severely ill AIDS patient Nurse spraying disinfectant on yellow fever carried in a wheelbarrow by some visitors about to enter outbreak 273 his friend, November 2005 357 Gulu Hospital in northern Uganda, 2000 409 Simon Flexner 275 Outdoor mortuary in Physician vaccinating some Barcelona, Spain, with Louis Pasteur 416 working people in a New workers lifting a coffin 368 President Abraham Lincoln 418 York police station during Influenza victims crowded at Emergency polio ward at the smallpox outbreak in an emergency hospital in Haynes Memorial Hospital, 1872 276 Kansas in 1918 371 Boston, Massachusetts 428 Sir Francis Bacon 290 Engraving of the port of Engraving of plague hospital in William C. Gorgas 293 Málaga by Gustave Doré 376 Vienna 438 L I S T O F M A P S Spread of Asiatic and Approximate Area of the Malaria and Cholera in European Influenza Byzantine Empire at the South Africa’s Eastern Pandemic of 1830–1831 13 Start of the Plague of Province, 1999–2000 359 Spread of the Black Death Justinian, c. 542–590 217 Major Island Groups (Bubonic Plague), Spread of Hemorrhagic Fever in the Southwest Pacific 1347–1350 32 with Renal Syndrome Struck by Dengue Spread of the Plague through during the Korean War 223 Epidemics in the the Nile River Delta and Spread of Smallpox and Other 1970s 365 Beyond, 1347–1349 98 Fatal Diseases in the New Spread of the Influenza Severe Visceral Leishmaniasis World 256 Pandemic of 1889 in Epidemic (Also Known as Spread of the Bubonic Plague Europe 116 Kala-azar) in 1988–1993 in (Black Death) throughout the Spread of Hemorrhagic Southern Sudan 384 Middle East, 1347–1348 263 Conjunctivitis (Infectious U.S. Yellow Fever Epidemics Inflammation of the Lining Spread of Cholera through of 1878–1879 434 of the Eyelids) in India in Russia and Nearby Regions, 1971 175 1892–1893 328 Ebola Virus in Zaire 452 ix
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