Encyclopedia of humor studies PDF
Preview Encyclopedia of humor studies
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Humor Studies Editorial Board Editor Salvatore Attardo Texas A&M University–Commerce Managing Editors Audrey C. Adams Texas A&M University–Commerce Hilal Ergül Texas A&M University–Commerce Editorial Board Thomas E. Ford Western Carolina University Sharon Lockyer Brunel University Owen Hanley Lynch Southern Methodist University Moira Marsh Indiana University–Bloomington Jessica Milner Davis University of Sydney John Morreall College of William & Mary Victor Raskin Purdue University ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Humor Studies Editor Salvatore Attardo Texas A&M University–Commerce 1 Copyright © 2014 by SAGE Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or FOR INFORMATION: utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage SAGE Publications, Inc. and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the 2455 Teller Road publisher. Thousand Oaks, California 91320 E-mail: [email protected] Printed in the United States of America. SAGE Publications Ltd. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road Encyclopedia of humor studies / editor, Salvatore London, EC1Y 1SP Attardo, Texas A&M University. United Kingdom volumes cm SAGE Publications India Pvt. Ltd. Includes bibliographical references and index. B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area Mathura Road, New Delhi 110 044 ISBN 978-1-4129-9909-0 (hardcover) India 1. Laughter–Encyclopedias. 2. Wit and humor–Encyclopedias. SAGE Publications Asia-Pacifi c Pte. Ltd. I. Attardo, Salvatore, 1962- editor of compilation. 3 Church Street #10-04 Samsung Hub BF575.L3E53 2014 809.7–dc23 2013036046 Singapore 049483 Acquisitions Editor: Jim Brace-Thompson Developmental Editors: D iana E. Axelsen, Shirin Parsavand Production Editor: Tracy Buyan Reference Systems Manager: Leticia Gutierrez Reference Systems Coordinators: A nna Villaseñor, Laura Notton Copy Editors: Diane DiMura, Colleen Brennan Typesetter: Hurix Systems (P) Ltd. Proofreaders: Lawrence W. Baker, Kristin Bergstad Indexer: Virgil Diodato Cover Designer: Scott Van Atta Marketing Manager: Carmel Schrire 14 15 16 17 18 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Volume 1 List of Entries vii Reader’s Guide xi About the Editor xix Contributors xxi Foreword xxvii Introduction xxix Entries A 1 F 225 B 75 G 253 C 103 H 277 D 193 I 377 E 207 J 407 Volume 2 List of Entries vii Reader’s Guide xi Entries K 431 S 657 L 435 T 747 M 467 U 779 N 541 V 783 O 547 W 793 P 551 X 807 R 619 Appendix A: Chronology 815 Appendix B: Humor Associations and Publications 831 Index 837 List of Entries Absurdist Humor Burlesque Advertisement Byzantine Humor Advertising, Effectiveness of Humor in Aesthetics Caricature African Humor. See Akan Humor; Igbo Humor; Carnival and Festival South African Humor Carnivalesque Aggressive and Harmless Humor Cartoons Aging and Humor Cervantes, Miguel de Akan Humor Cheerfulness, Seriousness, and Humor Ambiguity Children’s Humor and Giftedness American Indian Cultures, Humor in Children’s Humor Research Ancient Egypt, Humor in Children’s Humor Stages Ancient Greek Comedy Christianity Ancient Roman Comedy Cinema. See Movies Anecdote, Comic Clergy Animal-Related Humor Clowns Anthropology Clowns in Medical Settings Anti-Proverb Cognitive Aspects Anxiety College Humor Aphorism Comedy Appreciation of Humor Comedy Ensembles Arabic Culture, Humor in Comedy of Manners. See Genres and Styles of Aristophanes Comedy; High Comedy Aristotelian Theory of Humor Comic Books Arousal Theory (Berlyne) Comic Frame Art and Visual Humor Comic Opera Assyrian and Babylonian Humor Comic Relief Audience Comic Strips Audiovisual Translation Comic Versus Tragic Worldviews Comic World Benign Violation Theory Commedia dell’Arte Bergson’s Theory of the Comic Complexity Biblical Humor Comprehension of Humor Bisociation Computational Humor Blackface. See Race, Representations of Confucianism Blason Populaire Conservatism. See Personality, Humor and Boccaccio, Giovanni Conversation Brain, Neuropsychology of Humor Cooperation, Principle of. See Maxim Buddhism Coping Mechanism vii viii List of Entries Coulrophobia HBQD. See Humor Styles Measurement Creativity Health Benefits of Humor, Physical Cross-Cultural Humor Health Benefits of Humor, Psychological Crosstalk. See Xiangsheng; Xiangsheng, Heritability History of High Comedy Culture High-Context Humor History of Humor: Classical and Traditional China Defense Mechanism History of Humor: Early Modern Europe Depression History of Humor: Medieval Europe Design History of Humor: Modern and Contemporary Development of Humor China Dialect Humor History of Humor: Modern and Contemporary Disparagement. See Aggressive and Harmless Europe Humor History of Humor: Modern Japan Doggerel History of Humor: 19th-Century Europe History of Humor: Premodern Japan Education, Humor in History of Humor: Renaissance Europe E’gao: Culture of Internet Spoofing in China History of Humor: U.S. Frontier Epigram History of Humor: U.S. Modern and Ethnic Jokes Contemporary Ethnicity and Humor Hoax and Prank Evolutionary Explanations of Humor Hobbesian Theory Exaggeration Homosexuality, Representation of HSQ. See Humor Styles Measurement Fabliau Huaji-ists, The Factor Analysis of Humor Items Humor, Computer-Generated Factor Analysis of Humor Scales Humor, Etymology of Failed Humor Humor, Forms of Farce Humor and Relational Maintenance Feast of Fools Humor Content Versus Structure Film. See Movies Humor Detection Folklore Humor Generation. See Computational Humor Fools Humor Group Foolstowns Humor Markers Forest of Laughter and Traditional Chinese Humor Mindset Jestbooks Humor Production Framing Theory Humor Styles Freudian/Psychoanalytic Theory Humor Styles Measurement Humor Styles Questionnaire. See Humor Styles Gag Measurement Gallows Humor Humor Theories Gelotophobia Humorist Gender and Humor, Psychological Aspects of Humorous Behavior Q-Sort Deck. See Humor Gender Roles in Humor Styles Measurement General Theory of Verbal Humor. See Linguistic Humorous Names Theories of Humor Humorous Stimuli, Characteristics of Genres and Styles of Comedy Goldoni, Carlo Identity Graffiti Igbo Humor Greek Visual Humor Improv Comedy GTVH. See Linguistic Theories of Humor Incongruity and Resolution List of Entries ix Insult and Invective Movie Humor Types Intercultural Humor Movies Internet Humor Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale. Inversion, Topsy-Turvy See Factor Analysis of Humor Items Irony Music Islam Music Hall Musical Comedy Jest, Jestbooks, and Jesters Jewish Humor National and Ethnic Differences Joke Cycles Native American Cultures, Humor in. See Jokes American Indian Cultures, Humor in Joking Relationship Nonsense Journalism Judaism Obscenity Ontological Semantic Theory of Humor. See Linguistic Theories of Humor Kyōgen OSTH. See Linguistic Theories of Humor Lampoon Paradox Laugh, Laughter, Laughing Parody Laughter, Psychology of Pastiche Laughter and Smiling, Physiology of Pattern Recognition Lazzi Pedagogy Legal Education Personality, Humor and Legal Restriction and Protection of Humor Persuasion and Humor Limericks Philogelos Linguistic Theories of Humor Philosophy of Humor Linguistics Phonological Jokes Literature Pirandello, Luigi Low Comedy Platonic Theory of Humor Plautus Magazines and Newspapers, U.S. Play and Humor Magazines and Newspapers Outside the Poetry United States Pointe Management Politeness Marriage and Couples Political Humor Masks Positive Psychology Mathematical Humor Postmodern Irony Mathematics and Humor Practical Jokes Maxim Prejudice, Humor and Mechanisms of Humor Presidential Humor Medieval Visual Humor Psychiatric Disorders Menander Psychological Distance Metaphor Psychology Mime Psychotherapy, Humor in Mirth Punch Line Misdirection Puns Mock Epic Puppets Mockumentary Molière Rabelais, François Monty Python Race, Representations of
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