@;] City [I] Regional Boundary REGIONS Cities Rivers SEAS c(7~ "c :. BALEARES M MAURETANIA IIWesr11 TRIPOLITANA ~----------------------,\ encyclopedia of eaRly ChRi8rianiry ~ Gortyna DITERRANEAN SEA L f 8 YA SUPERIOR LI B YA CYRENA CIA INFERIOR MARMARICA ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY SECOND EDITION ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY SECOND EDITION Editor Everett Ferguson Associate Editors Michael P. McHugh Frederick W. Norris Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Published in 1999 by Published in Great Britain by Routledge Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Ave, 2 Park Square, New York NY 10016 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN © 1997, 1999 by Everett Ferguson Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group Transferred to Digital Printing 2010 International Standard Book Number-l 0: 0-8153-3319-6 (Softcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8153-3319-7 (Softcover) Library of Congress catalog number: 98-39791 Cover illustration: Mosaic in apse of Church of San Vitale (sixth century), Ravenna, Italy. Photo courtesy of SCALA/Art Resource, N.Y. Cover design by Lawrence Wolfson Design, N.Y. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Encyclopedia of early Christianity / editor, Everett Ferguson; associate editors Michael P. McHugh, Frederick W. Norris. - 2nd ed. p. cm. - (Garland reference library ofthe humanities; vol. 1839) Also published as a two-volume ed. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8153-3319-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Church history-Primitive and early church, ca. 30-60o--Encyclopedias. I. Ferguson, Everett, w., 1933- . II. McHugh, Michael P. III. Norris, Frederick 1941- . IV. Series. BRI62.2.E53 1999 270.1 '03-dc21 98-39791 informa Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com Taylor & Francis Group and the Routledge Web site at is the Academic Division of Informa pic. http://www.routledge-ny.com Publisher's Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original may be apparent. Contents Preface to Second Edition Vll Abbreviations Xl Contributors xv Chronology xxv The Encyclopedia 3 Index 1191
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