Emerging Perspectives on Substance Misuse Emerging Perspectives on Substance Misuse Edited by Willm Mistral Thiseditionfirstpublished2013 (cid:2)C 2013JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd Wiley-BlackwellisanimprintofJohnWiley&Sons,formedbythemergerofWiley’s globalScientific,TechnicalandMedicalbusinesswithBlackwellPublishing. RegisteredOffice JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex, PO198SQ,UK EditorialOffices 350MainStreet,Malden,MA02148-5020,USA 9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservices,andforinformation abouthowtoapplyforpermissiontoreusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookplease seeourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. TherightofWillmMistraltobeidentifiedastheauthoroftheeditorialmaterialinthis workhasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththeUKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct 1988. 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Coverimage:(cid:2)C PaulEdmondson/GettyImages CoverdesignbySimonLevyAssociates Setin10/12.5ptPlantinbyAptaraInc.,NewDelhi,India 1 2013 Contents Contributors vii AbouttheEditor ix Preface xi 1 ChangingPerspectivesonProblematicDrugUse 1 RichardVelleman 2 FormulatingEffectiveAlcoholPolicy:NotasSimple asitSounds 23 RobinDavidson 3 BingeDrinking:Consumption,Consequences,Causes andControl 40 WillmMistral 4 APictureTellsaThousandStories:YoungWomen,Mobile Technology,andDrinkingNarratives 59 RebeccaBrown 5 ExploringEmergingPerspectivesonGenderandDrugUse 80 KarenzaMooreandFionaMeasham 6 EmbracingChildrenandFamiliesinSubstance-Misuse Treatment 98 LornaTempleton Contents 7 InTheirOwnRight:DevelopingConfidentialServicesfor ChildrenandYoungPeopleAffectedbyParentalAlcohol andDrugUse 118 LouiseHill 8 ScreeningforAlcoholUseDisorders 134 LesleySmith 9 FromComorbiditytoMultipleHealthBehaviourChange 152 AmandaBaker,SarahHiles,LouiseThornton,AmandaSearl, PeterKelly,andFrancesKay-Lambkin 10 CounsellinginIntensiveStructuredDayTreatment:The Co-productionofRecovery 170 TimLeighton 11 MovementsTowardsRecovery 187 WillmMistralandStephenWilkinson 12 HowCurrentDrugLawsImpedeResearchand ClinicalTreatments 206 DavidNutt Index 215 vi Contributors ProfessorAmandaBaker,CentreforTranslationalNeuroscienceand Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Australia. Email: amanda. [email protected] Rebecca Brown, PhD candidate, Department of Gender and Cultural Studies SOPHI, University of Sydney, Australia. Email: [email protected] Professor Robin Davidson, Consultant Clinical Psychologist, NorthernIreland.Email:[email protected] Sarah Hiles, PhD Candidate, Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Australia. Email: [email protected] DrLouiseHill,PolicyImplementationOfficer,CELCIS,Universityof Strathclyde,Scotland.Email:[email protected] Dr Frances Kay-Lambkin, Senior Research Fellow, National Drug andAlcoholResearchCentre,UniversityofNewSouthWales,Australia. Email:[email protected] DrPeterKelly,SeniorLecturerClinicalPsychology,SchoolofPsychol- ogy,UniversityofWollongong,Australia.Email:[email protected] Contributors Tim Leighton, Director, Centre for Addiction Treatment Studies, Action on Addiction, England. Email: tim.leighton@actiononaddiction .org.uk Professor Fiona Measham, School of Applied Social Sciences, DurhamUniversity,England.Email:[email protected] Dr Willm Mistral, Honorary Senior Research Fellow University of Bath;for18yearsmanagedtheMentalHealthResearch&Development Unit, Avon & Wiltshire Mental Health Trust and University of Bath, England.Email:[email protected] Dr Karenza Moore, Lecturer in Criminology, Department of Applied Social Science, Lancaster University, UK. Email: karenza.moore@ lancaster.ac.uk Professor David Nutt, Director Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, England. Email: [email protected] AmandaSearl,ClinicalPsychologist,CentreforTranslationalNeuro- science and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Australia. Email: [email protected] Dr Lesley Smith, Principal Lecturer Quantitative Research Methods, Department of Psychology, Social Work and Public Health, Oxford BrookesUniversity,England.Email:[email protected] Lorna Templeton, Independent Research Consultant, Member of the BoardofTrusteesofAdfam,andAlcoholResearchUKGrantsAdvisory Panel,England.Email:[email protected] Dr Louise Thornton, Research Officer, Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Australia. Email:[email protected] Richard Velleman, Emeritus Professor of Mental Health Research, UniversityofBath,England.Email:[email protected] StephenWilkinson,CharteredClinicalPsychologist,VisitingResearch Fellow,UniversityofBath,England.Email:[email protected] viii About the Editor DrWillmMistralhasalongresearchcareerrelatedtoalcohol,drug,and mentalhealthproblems.HeisanHonorarySeniorResearchFellowatthe UniversityofBath.Forover18yearshemanagedateamofresearchers intheMentalHealthResearchandDevelopmentUnit,ajointenterprise of the Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership Trust and the University of Bath. To date he has been involved in over 75 research projects,andhasmorethan50publicationsinbooksandjournals. Preface The Topic Excessive consumption of drugs and alcohol is associated with widespreadsocialproblems,andpolicymakersaswellaspractitionersin thefieldareseekingeffectivemeanstoreducetheimpactonindividuals, families, and wider society. A vast amount of research has been under- taken into the underlying and maintaining causes of substance misuse, and there is considerable evidence to support promising interventions for related social and psychological problems. However, much national policyandpracticeremainsentrenchedinthepast,oftenforthewantof aclearexposition,orapplication,ofresearchfindings. Importantly,thisbookaddressestheoretical,practiceandpolicyissues with regard to problematic use of both alcohol and illicit drugs, and presents a wide range of emerging evidence-based perspectives. As well as professionals charged with devising and delivering policies and inter- ventionstoreducealcohol-anddrug-relatedharm,itwillalsointerestan academicaudienceasproblematicconsumptionandaddictivebehaviours areincreasinglybeingstudiedwithinuniversities. The Authors The contributing authors represent expertise from a range of differ- ent specialisms and perspectives in the substance-misuse field. As such, different authors may use differing terminology, as does this preface, referring at times to substance use or misuse, problematic drug or alcohol use, excessive consumption, or addiction. No attempt has been Preface made to homogenize these terms as the differences represent the way this complex, and sometimes divisive, subject is approached in the realworld. Acknowledgements Iammostgratefultoallthecontributorstothisvolume.Theyarebusy people, and I feel both privileged and proud that they have made the time and effort to give of their particular knowledge, experience, and understandingofthisimportantsubject. xii