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Emergency lighting design guide PDF

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Lighting Guide 12: Emergency lighting design guide 222 Balham High Road, London SW12 9BS, UK Tel: 020 8675 5211. Fax: 020 8673 3302. e-mail: This document is based on the best knowledge available at the time of publication. However, no responsibility of any kind for any injury, death, loss, damage or delay however caused resulting from the use of these recommendations can be accepted by the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, the Society of Light and Lighting, the authors or others involved in its publication. In adopting these recommendations for use each adopter by doing so agrees to accept full responsi- bility for any personal injury, death, loss, damage or delay arising out of or in con- nection with their use by or on behalf of such adopter irrespective of the cause or reason therefore and agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, the Society of Light and Lighting, the authors and others involved in their publication from any and all liability arising out of or in connection with such use as aforesaid and irrespective of any negli- gence on the part of those indemnified. Note from the publisher This publication is primarily intended to give guidance. It is not intended to be exhaustive or definitive, and it will be necessary for users of the guidance given to exercise their own professional judgement when deciding whether to abide by or depart from it. The rights of publication or translation are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the pub- lisher. © 2004 and 2006 The Society of Light and Lighting Reprinted with corrections April 2006 The Society is part of CIBSE which is a registered charity, number 278104. ISBN 1 903287 51 0 Typeset by the Society of Light and Lighting. Printed in England by Page Bros (Norwich) Ltd, Norwich NR6 6SA Bibliography/Glossary 53 metric data and related information LM-63-02 (New York: from the standby power source to the emergency lighting Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (2002) lamp(s), e.g. a self-contained emergency luminaire or a cir- Eulumdat – ein Leuchtendatenformat fur den europaischen cuit from a central battery/generator connected through Beleuchtungsplanar wiring to several escape luminaires A.W. Stockmar Tagungsband Licht 1990 pp 641-644 Emergency mode State of a self-contained emergency luminaire that provides d Proposed ODPM guidance documents lighting when energised by its internal power source, the These are to be published in connection with the Regulatory normal supply having failed Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 and made available at www.odpm.gov.uk: Emergency mode ballast lumen factor 1. Offices and shops The ratio of the lowest light flux of the lamp observed dur- ing normal emergency mode when the ballast under test is 2. Premises providing sleeping accommodation operated with the appropriate battery voltage, to the light 3. Residential care flux of the same lamp operated with the appropriate refer- 4. Small and medium places of assembly ence ballast supplied at its rated voltage and frequency. 5. Large places of assembly 6. Factories and warehouses Escape route 7. Theatres and cinemas A route forming part of the means of escape from a point in 8. Educational premises a building to a final exit 9. Healthcare premises (responsibility of the Department of Health) Escape route lighting That part of the emergency lighting which is provided to 10. Transport premises and facilities ensure that the escape route is illuminated at all material 11. Open air events times A small entry-level guide is also being produced. Escape route sign Sign directing people along escape routes towards exits Exit Glossary A way out which is intended to be used at any time whilst Combined (sustained) emergency luminaire the premises are occupied An emergency lighting luminaire containing at least two lamps, one of which is energised from the normal lighting Externally illuminated safety sign supply and the other from the emergency lighting supply. A sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an exter- Such a luminaire is intended to sustain illumination at all nal source material times. Final exit Control unit The terminal point of an escape route, beyond which per- Unit or units comprising a supply changeover system, a sons are no longer in danger from fire battery charging device and, where appropriate, a means for testing High-risk task-area lighting The part of emergency lighting provided to ensure the safe- Disability glare ty of people involved in a potentially dangerous process or Glare that impairs the ability to see detail situation and to enable proper shut down procedures for the safety of the operator and the occupants of the premises Duration The period of time that the luminaire can continuously Internally illuminated safety sign provide the minimum illuminance required in the emer- A sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an inter- gency condition. The tie is specified in hours nal source Emergency exit IP number (ingress protection) An exit that is intended to be used only during an emergency A two-digit number associated with a luminaire. The first digit classifies the degree of protection the luminaire pro- Emergency lighting vides against the ingress of solid foreign bodies. The second Lighting provided for use when the supply to the normal digit classifies the degree of protection the luminaire pro- lighting fails vides against the ingress of moisture Emergency lighting system Maintained emergency lighting A complete but discrete emergency lighting installation A lighting system in which all emergency lighting lamps 54 Lighting Guide 12: Emergency lighting design guide are in operation at all material times rated duration of the emergency mode, the lamp under test being operated with the appropriate ballast and battery and Material times after specified ageing and charging conditions of the battery. Times during which the emergency lighting is required to be illuminated, e.g. at all times that persons are on the Remote inhibiting mode premises, or at the times the main lighting is not available, The state of a self-contained emergency luminaire that is according to the regulations, conditions of certificate or inhibited from operating by a remote device while the nor- licence as appropriate mal supply is on, and in case of a normal supply failure the luminaire does not changeover to emergency mode Means of escape Structural means whereby safe routes are provided for per- Rest mode sons to travel from any place within a premises to a place of State of a self-contained emergency luminaire that has been safety intentionally extinguished while the normal supply is off and that, in the event of restoration of the normal supply, Non-maintained emergency lighting automatically reverts to normal mode A lighting system in which all the emergency lighting lamps are in operation only when the supply to the normal Safety sign lighting fails Sign that gives a general safety message, by means of a com- bination of a safety colour and a geometric shape and Normal/general lighting which, by the inclusion of a graphical symbol, gives a par- All permanently installed electric lighting operating from ticular safety meaning the normal supply which, in the absence of adequate day- light, is intended for use during the whole time the prem- Self-contained emergency luminaire ises are occupied A luminaire providing maintained or non-maintained emergency lighting in which all the elements, such as the Normal mode battery, the lamp, the control unit and the test and monitor- The state of a self-contained emergency luminaire that is ready to ing facilities, where provided, are contained within the operate in emergency mode while the normal supply is on. In case luminaire or adjacent to it (that is, within 1m) of a normal supply failure, the self-contained luminaire automati- cally changes over to the emergency mode Slave luminaire/Centrally supplied emergency luminaire Luminaire supplied from a central emergency power source Normal supply and not having its own internal secondary supply That source of electrical energy used to provide normal lighting Standby lighting Open area lighting/Anti-panic lighting That part of emergency lighting that may be provided to That part of emergency escape lighting provided to avoid enable normal activities to continue panic and provide illumination allowing people to reach a place where an escape route can be identified Travel distance Actual distance that a person needs to travel within a build- Practical emergency lamp flux ing to the nearest exit, allowing for the layout of walls, par- The lowest luminous flux of the lamp observed during the titions and fittings 50 Lighting Guide 12: Emergency lighting design guide Heritage/Scottish Office. (Norwich: The Stationery Office) References (1997) (see note above) Note that the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 was 17 Fire safety in construction work. Guidance for clients, design- approved by Parliament on 7 June 2005 and should have come ers and those managing and carrying out construction work into force on 1 April 2006. This has now been postponed to 1 involving significant fire risks. HSG 168 (Sudbury: HSE October 2006 by the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Subordinate Books) (1997) Provisions) Order 2006. When it comes into force the 1971 Fire Precautions Act will be repealed and the Fire Precautions 18 The Fire Precautions (Sub-surface Railway Stations) (Workplace) Regulations 1997 will be revoked. As a result, various Regulations 1989. SI 1989 no 1401 (Norwich: the Stationery provisions of References 9 and 18 will change or be abolished. The Office Ltd) (1989) (see note above) Office of the Deputy Prime Minister intends to publish a series of 19 Railway safety principles and guidance. Parts 108, H–G 153 guides. These are listed at the end of the Bibliography. In addi- (Sudbury: HSE Books) (1996 and 1997) tion, References 13 and 16 will become obsolete and may well be 20 ISO 6309 Fire protection – safety signs (Geneva: International replaced by new guidance, though information was not available Standards Organisation) (1987) at the time of going to press. 21 BS 5266-1 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for the emer- gency lighting of premises (London: British Standards 1 Council Directive 89/106/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the Institution) (2005) approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provi- 22 BSEN 12464-1 Light and lighting. Lighting of work places. sions of the Member States relating to construction products Indoor work places (London: British Standards Institution) (Brussels: European Commission) (1988) (2002) 2 Council Directive 89/654/EEC of 30 November 1989 concerning 23 ISO 3864-1 Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs the minimum safety and health requirements for the work- - Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public place (Brussels: European Commission) (1989) areas (Geneva: International Standards Organisation) (2002) 3 Council Directive 92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992 on the minimum 24 Code for Lighting (London: CIBSE/Society of Light and requirements for the provision of safety and/or health signs at Lighting) (2004) work (Brussels: European Commission) (1992) 25 BS 5225-3 Photometric data for luminaires. Method of photo- 4 Building Regulations: Approved Document B Fire safety metric measurement of battery-operated emergency lighting (London, HMSO) (2002) luminaires (London: British Standards Institution) (1982) (to 5 The Building (Scotland) Act 2003; Technical Handbook: be replaced by BSEN 13032-3 when published) Nondomestic. 2 Fire (Edinburgh: Scottish Building 26 BSEN 13032-1 Light and lighting – Measurement and presen- Standards Agency) (2005) tation of photometric data of lamps and luminaires: 6 Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000 (Statutory Rule Measurement and file format (London: British Standards 2000 no 389) as amended by Building (Amendment) Institution) (2004) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2005 (Statutory Rule 2005 27 The photometry and goniophotometry of luminaires. CIE no.295); Technical Booklet E Fire safety (Belfast: Northern Publication 121 (Vienna: International Commission on Ireland Executive) (2005) Illumination) (1996) 7 Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997, SI 1997 no 28 Technical Memoranda 14 Standard file format for transfer of 1840 (London: HMSO) (1997) (see note above) luminaire photometric data (London: Chartered Institution of 8 Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996, Building Services Engineers) (1988) SI 1996 no 341 (London: The Stationery Office) (1996) 29 Stockmar A W Eulumdat – ein Leuchtendatenformat fur den 9 Guide to fire precautions in existing places of work that require europaischen Beleuchtungsplanar Tagungsband Licht 1990 pp a fire certificate. Home Office/Scottish Home and Health 641-644 Department (London/Edinburgh: The Stationery Office Ltd) 30 LM-63-02 Lighting measurements testing and calculation (1994) (see note above) guides. ANSI approved standard file format for electronic 10 BSEN 1838/BS 5266-7 Lighting applications. Emergency light- transfer of photometric data and related information (New ing (London: British Standards Institution) (1999) (UK York: Illuminating Engineering Society of North America) implementation of EN 1838) (2002) 11 BSEN 60598-2-22 Luminaires. Particular requirements. 31 BSEN 62040 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) (London: Specification for luminaires for emergency lighting (London: British Standards Institution) (various dates) British Standards Institution) (1999) 32 BSEN 50171 Central power supply systems (London: British 12 BS 5499 Graphical symbols and signs. Safety signs including Standards Institution) (2001) fire safety signs (London: British Standards Institution) (var- 33 BSEN 60285 Alkaline secondary cells and batteries. Sealed ious dates) nickel-cadmium cylindrical rechargeable single cells 13 Fire safety – an employer’s guide. Home Office/HSE/Scottish (London: British Standards Institution) (1995) Executive/Department of Environment (Northern Ireland) 34 IEC 60896 Stationary lead-acid batteries (Geneva: (Norwich: The Stationery Office Ltd) (1999) (see note above) International Electrotechnical Commission) (various dates) 14 Safety signs and signals: Guidance on Regulations. The Health 35 IEC 61056 General purpose lead-acid batteries (valve-regulated and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations (Sudbury: types) - Part 1: General requirements, functional characteris- HSE Books) (1996) tics - Methods of test (Geneva: International Electrotechnical 15 BSEN 12193 Light and lighting. Sports lighting (London: Commission) (2002) British Standards Institution) (1999) 36 Requirements for the re-engineering of luminaires for emer- 16 Guide to safety at sports grounds. Department of National gency lighting use. ICEL Publication 104 (London: Industry References/Bibliography 51 Committee for Emergency Lighting Ltd) (2003) Institution) (1999) 37 BSEN 60924 Specification for general and safety requirements BS 5266-6 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for non-electrical for d.c. supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent low mounted way guidance systems for emergency use. lamps (London: British Standards Institution) (1991) Photoluminescent systems (London: British Standards 38 BSEN 60925 Specification for performance requirements for Institution) (1999) d.c. supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent lamps BS 5266-7 Lighting applications. Emergency lighting (London: (London: British Standards Institution) (1991) British Standards Institution) (1999) (dual numbered BSEN 39 Council Directive of 29 June 1990 on the approximation of the 1838) laws of the Member States relating to appliances burning BS 5266-8 Emergency escape lighting systems layout (London: gaseous fuels (90/396/EEC) (Brussels: European Commission) British Standards Institution) (2004) (dual numbered BSEN (1990) 50172) 40 BS 7671 Requirements for electrical installations. IEE Wiring BS 5499-1 Graphical symbols and signs. Safety signs, including Regulations. Sixteenth edition (London: British Standards fire safety signs. Specification for geometric shapes, colours Institution) (2001) and layout (London: British Standards Institution) (2002) 41 BSEN 60598 Luminaires (London: British Standards BS 5499-2 Fire safety signs, notices and graphic symbols. Institution) (various dates) Specification for self-luminous fire safety signs (London: 42 BS 7846 Electric cables. 600/1000 V armoured fire-resistant British Standards Institution) (1986) cables having thermosetting insulation and low emission of BS 5499-3 Fire safety signs, notices and graphic symbols. smoke and corrosive gases when affected by fire (London: Specification for internally-illuminated fire safety signs British Standards Institution) (2000) (London: British Standards Institution) (1990) 43 BS 6387 Specification for performance requirements for cables BS 5499-4 Safety signs, including fire safety signs. Code of prac- required to maintain circuit integrity under fire conditions tice for escape route signing (London: British Standards (London: British Standards Institution) (1994) Institution) (2000) 44 IEC 60364: Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5-52: BS 5499-5 Graphical symbols and signs. Safety signs, including Selection and erection of electrical equipment. Wiring systems fire safety signs. Signs with specific safety meanings (London: (Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission) (2001) British Standards Institution) (2002) 45 BS 7698-8: Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven BS 6387 Specification for performance requirements for cables alternating current generating sets. Requirements and tests for required to maintain circuit integrity under fire conditions low-power generating sets (London: British Standards (London: British Standards Institution) (1994) Institution) (1996) BS 7671 Requirements for electrical installations. IEE Wiring 46 BS 5266-8: Emergency escape lighting systems (London: Regulations. Sixteenth edition (London: British Standards British Standards Institution) (2004) Institution) (2001) 47 prEN 62034 Automatic test system for battery operated emer- BS 7698-1 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- gency escape lighting. Draft European standard (Brussels: nating current generating sets. Specification for application, Comité Européen de Normalisation) ratings and performance (London: British Standards 48 BS 667: 2005 Illuminance meters. Requirements and test meth- Institution) (1993) ods (London: British Standards Institution) (2005) BS 7698-2 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- nating current generating sets. Specification for engines (London: British Standards Institution) (1993) Bibliography BS 7698-3 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- nating current generating sets. Specification for alternating a Standards current generators for generating sets (London: British BS 667 Illuminance meters. Requirements and test methods Standards Institution) (1993) (London: British Standards Institution) (2005) BS 7698-4 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- BS 5225-3 Photometric data for luminaires. Method of photomet- nating current generating sets. Specification for controlgear ric measurement of battery-operated emergency lighting and switchgear (London: British Standards Institution) luminaires (London: British Standards Institution) (1982) (1993) BS 5266-1 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for the emer- BS 7698-5 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- gency lighting of premises (London: British Standards nating current generating sets. Specification for generating Institution) (20059) sets (London: British Standards Institution) (1993) BS 5266-2 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for electrical low BS 7698-6 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- mounted way guidance systems for emergency use (London: nating current generating sets. Test methods (London: British British Standards Institution) (1998) Standards Institution) (1993) BS 5266-3 Emergency lighting. Specification for small power BS 7698-7 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- relays (electromagnetic) for emergency lighting applications nating current generating sets. Technical declarations for up to and including 32 A (London: British Standards specification and design (London: British Standards Institution) (1981) Institution) (1996) BS 5266-4 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for design, instal- BS 7698-8 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- lation, maintenance and use of optical fibre systems (London: nating current generating sets. Requirements and tests for British Standards Institution) (1999) low-power generating sets (London: British Standards BS 5266-5: Emergency lighting. Specification for component Institution) (1996) parts of optical fibre systems (London: British Standards BS 7698-9 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- References/Bibliography 51 Committee for Emergency Lighting Ltd) (2003) Institution) (1999) 37 BSEN 60924 Specification for general and safety requirements BS 5266-6 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for non-electrical for d.c. supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent low mounted way guidance systems for emergency use. lamps (London: British Standards Institution) (1991) Photoluminescent systems (London: British Standards 38 BSEN 60925 Specification for performance requirements for Institution) (1999) d.c. supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent lamps BS 5266-7 Lighting applications. Emergency lighting (London: (London: British Standards Institution) (1991) British Standards Institution) (1999) (dual numbered BSEN 39 Council Directive of 29 June 1990 on the approximation of the 1838) laws of the Member States relating to appliances burning BS 5266-8 Emergency escape lighting systems layout (London: gaseous fuels (90/396/EEC) (Brussels: European Commission) British Standards Institution) (2004) (dual numbered BSEN (1990) 50172) 40 BS 7671 Requirements for electrical installations. IEE Wiring BS 5499-1 Graphical symbols and signs. Safety signs, including Regulations. Sixteenth edition (London: British Standards fire safety signs. Specification for geometric shapes, colours Institution) (2001) and layout (London: British Standards Institution) (2002) 41 BSEN 60598 Luminaires (London: British Standards BS 5499-2 Fire safety signs, notices and graphic symbols. Institution) (various dates) Specification for self-luminous fire safety signs (London: 42 BS 7846 Electric cables. 600/1000 V armoured fire-resistant British Standards Institution) (1986) cables having thermosetting insulation and low emission of BS 5499-3 Fire safety signs, notices and graphic symbols. smoke and corrosive gases when affected by fire (London: Specification for internally-illuminated fire safety signs British Standards Institution) (2000) (London: British Standards Institution) (1990) 43 BS 6387 Specification for performance requirements for cables BS 5499-4 Safety signs, including fire safety signs. Code of prac- required to maintain circuit integrity under fire conditions tice for escape route signing (London: British Standards (London: British Standards Institution) (1994) Institution) (2000) 44 IEC 60364: Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5-52: BS 5499-5 Graphical symbols and signs. Safety signs, including Selection and erection of electrical equipment. Wiring systems fire safety signs. Signs with specific safety meanings (London: (Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission) (2001) British Standards Institution) (2002) 45 BS 7698-8: Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven BS 6387 Specification for performance requirements for cables alternating current generating sets. Requirements and tests for required to maintain circuit integrity under fire conditions low-power generating sets (London: British Standards (London: British Standards Institution) (1994) Institution) (1996) BS 7671 Requirements for electrical installations. IEE Wiring 46 BS 5266-8: Emergency escape lighting systems (London: Regulations. Sixteenth edition (London: British Standards British Standards Institution) (2004) Institution) (2001) 47 prEN 62034 Automatic test system for battery operated emer- BS 7698-1 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- gency escape lighting. Draft European standard (Brussels: nating current generating sets. Specification for application, Comité Européen de Normalisation) ratings and performance (London: British Standards 48 BS 667: 2005 Illuminance meters. Requirements and test meth- Institution) (1993) ods (London: British Standards Institution) (2005) BS 7698-2 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- nating current generating sets. Specification for engines (London: British Standards Institution) (1993) Bibliography BS 7698-3 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- nating current generating sets. Specification for alternating a Standards current generators for generating sets (London: British BS 667 Illuminance meters. Requirements and test methods Standards Institution) (1993) (London: British Standards Institution) (2005) BS 7698-4 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- BS 5225-3 Photometric data for luminaires. Method of photomet- nating current generating sets. Specification for controlgear ric measurement of battery-operated emergency lighting and switchgear (London: British Standards Institution) luminaires (London: British Standards Institution) (1982) (1993) BS 5266-1 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for the emer- BS 7698-5 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- gency lighting of premises (London: British Standards nating current generating sets. Specification for generating Institution) (20059) sets (London: British Standards Institution) (1993) BS 5266-2 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for electrical low BS 7698-6 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- mounted way guidance systems for emergency use (London: nating current generating sets. Test methods (London: British British Standards Institution) (1998) Standards Institution) (1993) BS 5266-3 Emergency lighting. Specification for small power BS 7698-7 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- relays (electromagnetic) for emergency lighting applications nating current generating sets. Technical declarations for up to and including 32 A (London: British Standards specification and design (London: British Standards Institution) (1981) Institution) (1996) BS 5266-4 Emergency lighting. Code of practice for design, instal- BS 7698-8 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- lation, maintenance and use of optical fibre systems (London: nating current generating sets. Requirements and tests for British Standards Institution) (1999) low-power generating sets (London: British Standards BS 5266-5: Emergency lighting. Specification for component Institution) (1996) parts of optical fibre systems (London: British Standards BS 7698-9 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alter- 52 Lighting Guide 12: Emergency lighting design guide nating current generating sets. Measurement and evaluation emergency lighting use. Revised June 2004 (2004) (London: of mechanical vibrations (London: British Standards Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting Ltd) Institution) (1996) ICEL 2006 Emergency lighting design guide (1999) (London: BS 7698-10 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting Ltd) alternating current generating sets. Measurement of airborne ICEL 2009 Emergency lighting. Central power supply systems. noise by the enveloping surface method (London: British Standard and registration scheme 2000) (London: Industry Standards Institution) (1999) Committee for Emergency Lighting Ltd) BS 7698-11 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven ICEL 2010 Scheme of registration of battery cell(s) and batteries alternating current generating sets (London: British for emergency lighting use (2006) (London: Industry Standards Institution) (various dates) Committee for Emergency Lighting Ltd) BS 7698-12 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets. safety devices (London: b Legislation and regulations British Standards Institution) (1998) Fire Precautions Act 1971 (see note at start of References section) BSEN 12193 Light and lighting. Sports lighting (London: British Standards Institution) (1999) The Building Regulations 2000 Fire Safety Approved Document B1 Means of warning and escape (Norwich: The Stationery BSEN 13032-1 Light and lighting – Measurement and presenta- Office Limited) (2002) tion of photometric data of lamps and luminaires. Measurement and file format (London: British Standards The Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997. SI 1997 no Institution) (2004) 1840 (Norwich: The Stationery Office Ltd) (1997) (see note at start of References section) prEN 13032-3 Light and lighting – Measurement and presenta- tion of photometric data on lamps and luminaires. Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996, SI Presentation of data for emergency lighting of workplaces 1996 no 341 (Norwich: The Stationery Office Ltd) (1996) Draft European standard (Brussels: Comité Européen de Guide to fire precautions in existing places of work that require a Normalisation) fire certificate. Home Office/Scottish Home and Health BSEN 50171 Central power supply systems (London: British Department (London/Edinburgh: The Stationery Office Ltd) Standards Institution) (2004) (1994) BSEN 50172 Emergency escape lighting systems (London: Fire safety – an employer’s guide. Home Office/HSE/Scottish British Standards Institution) (2004) Executive/Department of Environment (Northern Ireland) (Norwich: The Stationery Office Ltd) (1999) BSEN 60598-2-22 Luminaires. Particular requirements. Specification for luminaires for emergency lighting (London: Safety signs and signals: Guidance on Regulations. The Health British Standards Institution) (1999) and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations (Sudbury: HSE Books) (1996) BSEN 60924 Specification for general and safety requirements for d.c. supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent lamps Guide to safety at sports grounds. Department of National (London: British Standards Institution) (1991) (identical to Heritage/Scottish Office. (Norwich: The Stationery Office IEC 60924) Ltd) (1997) BSEN 60925 DC supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluores- Fire safety in construction work. Guidance for clients, designers cent lamps - Performance requirements (London: British and those managing and carrying out construction work Standards Institution)) (2001) (identical to IEC 60925) involving significant fire risks. HSG 168 (Sudbury: HSE Books) (1997) BSEN 62040-1-1 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS). General and safety requirements for UPS used in operator access areas The Fire Precautions (Sub-surface Railway Stations) Regulations (London: British Standards Institution) (2003) 1989. SI 1989 no 1401 (Norwich: the Stationery Office Ltd) (1989) BSEN 62040-1-2 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS). General and safety requirements for UPS used in restricted access loca- HSG 153 Railway safety principles and guidance (Sudbury: HSE tions (London: British Standards Institution) (2003) Books). Note that on 1 April 2006 responsibility for railway safety passed to the Office of Railway regulation which has BSEN 62040-3 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS). Method of indicated that it will continue with existing guidance, though specifying the performance and test requirements (London: the relevant documents appear no longer to be available from British Standards Institution) (2001) HSE IEC 60364-5-52 Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-52: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Wiring sys- tems (Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission) (2001) c Guidance BSEN 61347-2-7 Lamp controlgear. Particular requirements for d.c. supplied electronic ballasts for emergency lighting Installers lighting guide to emergency lighting. Lighting Guide (London: British Standards Institution) (2001) 008 (Watford: Action Energy) (2003) (available at www.car- bontrust.org.uk) ISO 3864-1 Graphical symbols – Safety colours and safety signs – Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public Technical Memoranda 14 Standard file format for transfer of areas (Geneva: International Standards Organisation) (2002) luminaire photometric data (London: Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) (1988) ICEL 1001 Scheme of product and authenticated photometric data registration for emergency luminaires and conversion Code for Lighting (London: CIBSE/Society of Light and modules (1999) (London: Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting) (2004) Lighting Ltd) Lighting measurements testing and calculation guides. ANSI ICEL 1004 Requirements for the re-engineering of luminaires for approved standard file format for electronic transfer of photo- Bibliography/Glossary 53 metric data and related information LM-63-02 (New York: from the standby power source to the emergency lighting Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (2002) lamp(s), e.g. a self-contained emergency luminaire or a cir- Eulumdat – ein Leuchtendatenformat fur den europaischen cuit from a central battery/generator connected through Beleuchtungsplanar wiring to several escape luminaires A.W. Stockmar Tagungsband Licht 1990 pp 641-644 Emergency mode State of a self-contained emergency luminaire that provides d Proposed ODPM guidance documents lighting when energised by its internal power source, the These are to be published in connection with the Regulatory normal supply having failed Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 and made available at www.odpm.gov.uk: Emergency mode ballast lumen factor 1. Offices and shops The ratio of the lowest light flux of the lamp observed dur- ing normal emergency mode when the ballast under test is 2. Premises providing sleeping accommodation operated with the appropriate battery voltage, to the light 3. Residential care flux of the same lamp operated with the appropriate refer- 4. Small and medium places of assembly ence ballast supplied at its rated voltage and frequency. 5. Large places of assembly 6. Factories and warehouses Escape route 7. Theatres and cinemas A route forming part of the means of escape from a point in 8. Educational premises a building to a final exit 9. Healthcare premises (responsibility of the Department of Health) Escape route lighting That part of the emergency lighting which is provided to 10. Transport premises and facilities ensure that the escape route is illuminated at all material 11. Open air events times A small entry-level guide is also being produced. Escape route sign Sign directing people along escape routes towards exits Exit Glossary A way out which is intended to be used at any time whilst Combined (sustained) emergency luminaire the premises are occupied An emergency lighting luminaire containing at least two lamps, one of which is energised from the normal lighting Externally illuminated safety sign supply and the other from the emergency lighting supply. A sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an exter- Such a luminaire is intended to sustain illumination at all nal source material times. Final exit Control unit The terminal point of an escape route, beyond which per- Unit or units comprising a supply changeover system, a sons are no longer in danger from fire battery charging device and, where appropriate, a means for testing High-risk task-area lighting The part of emergency lighting provided to ensure the safe- Disability glare ty of people involved in a potentially dangerous process or Glare that impairs the ability to see detail situation and to enable proper shut down procedures for the safety of the operator and the occupants of the premises Duration The period of time that the luminaire can continuously Internally illuminated safety sign provide the minimum illuminance required in the emer- A sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an inter- gency condition. The tie is specified in hours nal source Emergency exit IP number (ingress protection) An exit that is intended to be used only during an emergency A two-digit number associated with a luminaire. The first digit classifies the degree of protection the luminaire pro- Emergency lighting vides against the ingress of solid foreign bodies. The second Lighting provided for use when the supply to the normal digit classifies the degree of protection the luminaire pro- lighting fails vides against the ingress of moisture Emergency lighting system Maintained emergency lighting A complete but discrete emergency lighting installation A lighting system in which all emergency lighting lamps Contents Foreword 3 1 Introduction 7 2 Legislation and standards 7 2.1 Building Regulations 7 2.2 Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations: 1997 8 2.3 The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996:SI 341 8 2.4 Regulations covering other areas 8 2.4.1 Safety lighting for Participants of sports events 8 2.4.2 Places of entertainment 8 2.4.3 Premises used as sleeping accommodation 8 2.4.4 Construction sites 9 2.4.5 Buildings with temporary occupation 9 2.4.6 Railways and railway premises 9 2.5 Standards 9 3 Lighting requirements 9 3.1 Specifications 9 3.1.1 Criteria 9 3.1.2 Glare 10 3.2 Safety signs 11 3.2.1 Requirements for safety signs 11 3.3 Positioning of luminaires 11 3.4 Requirements for escape lighting 12 3.4.1 Siting of luminaires 12 3.4.2 Escape route 12 3.4.3 Escape area 12 3.4.4 Fixed seated area 12 3.4.5 High risk task area 13 3.5 Standby lighting 13 4 Design objectives 14 4.1 Philosophy 14 4.2 Design approach 15 4.3 Detailed considerations 15 4.4 Integration with normal lighting luminaires 16 5 Design calculations 16 5.1 Basic data 16 5.1.1 Time-dependent factors 17 5.1.2 Service correction factors 17 5.1.3 Maintenance factors 17 5.2 Production of design data 18 5.2.1 Electronic data file formats 18 5.2.2 Illuminance curves 19 5.2.3 Isolux diagrams 19 5.2.4 Glare limit 20 5.2.5 Spacing tables 20

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