Emergency action : chemical and biological warfare agents PDF
Preview Emergency action : chemical and biological warfare agents
FORENSIC SCIENCE, DISASTERS & DISASTER RELIEF Ellison Emergency Action for Second Edition Emergency Action for E m Chemical and Biological e r g e Warfare Agents n c Chemical y A c t Emergency Action for Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents, Second Edition i o is intended for the first responder to the scene of the release of a chemical or biological n f warfare agent. Formatted similarly to the Department of Transportation’s Emergency Response o r and Guidebook and designed as a companion to the author’s Handbook of Chemical and Biological C Warfare Agents, this book is divided into concise chapters that focus on the first few hours after h e the incident. m i c a Each chapter, or class index, is designed to give responders vital information on a specific l Biological group of agents. This is done rather than focusing on detailed information for individual agents a n because the specific agent(s) may not be identified until well into the response, long after many d critical decisions have been made. B i o l Adding more than 100 additional pages of material, the second edition contains a wider library o g War fare of agent classes that covers more hazardous materials. It also includes updated appendices i c that cover dissemination, the effects of weather and terrain, isolation, protective shelters, and a l manual decontamination. The book also provides a chemical/biological terrorism emergency W response checklist. a r f Addressing the immediate needs of first responders as they arrive at the scene of a chemical or a Agents r e biological warfare agent release, this book serves as a guide that gives critical information for A key initial reactions without having to read through long explanations. It is an essential quick g e reference for first responders facing the release of chemical or biological warfare agents. n t s Second Edition Second Edition K21694 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 711 Third Avenue D. Hank Ellison New York, NY 10017 an informa business 2 Park Square, Milton Park www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK www.crcpress.com K21694_cover.indd 1 12/10/15 12:53 PM Emergency Action for Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents Second Edition Emergency Action for Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents Second Edition D. Hank Ellison President Cerberus & Associates Grosse Ile, Michigan, USA Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20151123 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-1185-6 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmit- ted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Introduction .....................................................................................xxvii How to Use This Book .......................................................................xxix Author ................................................................................................xxxi Alphabetical Agent Vapor List. ......................................................xxxiii Chapter 1 C01: “White Powders” (and Dusty Agents) ......................1 Toxicology ......................................................................................1 Effects ........................................................................................1 Pathways ....................................................................................1 Characteristics ..............................................................................1 Physical Appearance ...............................................................1 Environmental Fate .................................................................2 Additional Hazards ......................................................................2 Fire .............................................................................................2 Protection ......................................................................................2 Evacuation .................................................................................2 Field Detection and Identification .........................................2 Personal Protective Requirements .........................................3 Decontamination .....................................................................3 First Aid .........................................................................................3 Signs and Symptoms................................................................3 Triage .........................................................................................4 Patient Management ................................................................4 Chapter 2 C02: Nerve Agents—“G” and Novichok Series ................5 Toxicology ......................................................................................5 Effects ........................................................................................5 Pathways ....................................................................................5 Exposure Hazards ....................................................................5 Latency Period ..........................................................................6 Characteristics ..............................................................................6 Physical Appearance and Odor .............................................6 Environmental Fate .................................................................6 v vi • Contents Additional Hazards ......................................................................7 Exposure ...................................................................................7 Fire .............................................................................................7 Reactivity ..................................................................................7 Protection ......................................................................................7 Evacuation .................................................................................7 Field Detection and Identification .........................................8 Personal Protective Requirements .........................................8 Decontamination .....................................................................8 First Aid .........................................................................................9 Signs and Symptoms................................................................9 Triage .........................................................................................9 Patient Management ..............................................................10 Chapter 3 C03: Nerve Agents—“V” Series .......................................11 Toxicology ....................................................................................11 Effects ......................................................................................11 Pathways ..................................................................................11 Exposure Hazards ..................................................................11 Latency Period ........................................................................12 Characteristics ............................................................................12 Physical Appearance and Odor ...........................................12 Environmental Fate ...............................................................12 Additional Hazards ....................................................................13 Exposure .................................................................................13 Fire ...........................................................................................13 Reactivity ................................................................................13 Protection ....................................................................................13 Evacuation ...............................................................................13 Field Detection and Identification .......................................14 Personal Protective Requirements .......................................14 Decontamination ...................................................................14 First Aid .......................................................................................15 Signs and Symptoms..............................................................15 Triage .......................................................................................15 Patient Management ..............................................................16 Contents • vii Chapter 4 C04: Nerve Agents—“GV” Series ....................................17 Toxicology ....................................................................................17 Effects ......................................................................................17 Pathways ..................................................................................17 Exposure Hazards ..................................................................17 Latency Period ........................................................................18 Characteristics ............................................................................18 Physical Appearance and Odor ...........................................18 Environmental Fate ...............................................................18 Additional Hazards ....................................................................19 Exposure .................................................................................19 Fire ...........................................................................................19 Reactivity ................................................................................19 Protection ....................................................................................19 Evacuation ...............................................................................19 Field Detection and Identification ......................................20 Personal Protective Requirements ......................................20 Decontamination ..................................................................20 First Aid .......................................................................................21 Signs and Symptoms..............................................................21 Triage .......................................................................................21 Patient Management ..............................................................22 Chapter 5 C05: Nerve Agents—Carbamates ....................................23 Toxicology ....................................................................................23 Effects ......................................................................................23 Pathways ..................................................................................23 Exposure Hazards ..................................................................23 Latency Period ........................................................................24 Characteristics ............................................................................24 Physical Appearance and Odor ...........................................24 Environmental Fate ...............................................................24 Additional Hazards ....................................................................24 Exposure .................................................................................24 Fire ...........................................................................................25 Reactivity ................................................................................25 viii • Contents Protection ....................................................................................25 Evacuation ...............................................................................25 Field Detection and Identification .......................................25 Personal Protective Requirements .......................................26 Decontamination ...................................................................26 First Aid .......................................................................................26 Signs and Symptoms..............................................................26 Triage .......................................................................................27 Patient Management ..............................................................27 Chapter 6 C06: Nerve Agents—Reactive Binary Components .......29 Toxicology ....................................................................................29 Effects ......................................................................................29 Pathways ..................................................................................29 Exposure Hazards ..................................................................29 Latency Period .......................................................................30 Characteristics ...........................................................................30 Physical Appearance and Odor ..........................................30 Environmental Fate ..............................................................30 Additional Hazards ...................................................................30 Fire ..........................................................................................30 Reactivity ...............................................................................30 Protection ....................................................................................31 Evacuation ...............................................................................31 Field Detection and Identification .......................................31 Personal Protective Requirements .......................................31 Decontamination ...................................................................32 First Aid .......................................................................................32 Signs and Symptoms..............................................................32 Triage .......................................................................................32 Patient Management ..............................................................33 Chapter 7 C07: Nerve Agents—Industrial .......................................35 Toxicology ....................................................................................35 Effects ......................................................................................35 Pathways ..................................................................................35
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