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Women in the History of Philosophy and Sciences 9 Sabrina Ebbersmeyer Sarah Hutton Editors Elisabeth of Bohemia (1618–1680): A Philosopher in her Historical Context Women in the History of Philosophy and Sciences Volume 9 SeriesEditors RuthEdithHagengruber,DepartmentofHumanities,CenterfortheHistory ofWomenPhilosophers,PaderbornUniversity,Paderborn,Germany MaryEllenWaithe,ProfessorEmerita,DepartmentofPhilosophyandComparative Religion,ClevelandStateUniversity,Cleveland,OH,USA GianniPaganini,DepartmentofHumanities,UniversityofPiedmont,Vercelli,Italy As the historical records prove, women have long been creating original contributions to philosophy. We have valuable writings from female philosophers from Antiquity and the Middle Ages, and a continuous tradition from the Renaissancetotoday.Thehistoryofwomenphilosophersthusstretchesbackasfar as the history of philosophy itself. The presence as well as the absence of women philosophersthroughoutthecourseofhistoryparallelsthehistoryofphilosophyas awhole. Edith Stein, Hannah Arendt and Simone de Beauvoir, the most famous representatives of this tradition in the twentieth century, did not appear form nowhere. They stand,sotospeak,ontheshoulders ofthefemaletitanswhocame beforethem. TheseriesWomenPhilosophersandScientistspublishedbySpringerwillbeof interestnotonlytotheinternationalphilosophycommunity,butalsoforscholarsin historyofscienceandmathematics,thehistoryofideas,andinwomen’sstudies. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/15896 · Sabrina Ebbersmeyer Sarah Hutton Editors Elisabeth of Bohemia (1618–1680): A Philosopher in her Historical Context Editors SabrinaEbbersmeyer SarahHutton SectionforPhilosophy DepartmentofPhilosophy DepartmentofCommunication UniversityofYork UniversityofCopenhagen York,UK Copenhagen,Denmark ISSN2523-8760 ISSN2523-8779 (electronic) WomenintheHistoryofPhilosophyandSciences ISBN978-3-030-71526-7 ISBN978-3-030-71527-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71527-4 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature SwitzerlandAG2021 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuse ofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,and transmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilar ordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Fig.1 PortraitofElisabeth ofBohemia.Engravingby CrispijnvandenQueborn, between1633and1652. Amsterdam,Rijksmuseum Contents 1 Introduction .................................................. 1 SabrinaEbbersmeyerandSarahHutton PartI Elisabeth’sIntellectualWorld 2 Elisabeth of Bohemia’s Aristocratic Upbringing andEducationatthePrinsenhof,Rapenburg4–10,Leiden, c.1627/8–32 .................................................. 17 NadineAkkerman 3 ElisabethofBohemia’sLifelongFriendshipwithAnnaMaria vanSchurman(1607–1678) .................................... 33 MirjamdeBaar 4 ElisabethofBohemiaandtheSciences:TheCaseofAstronomy ... 51 SabrinaEbbersmeyer 5 Princess Elisabeth and Anne Conway (1631–1679): The InterconnectedCirclesofTwoPhilosophicalWomen ............. 71 SarahHutton PartII Elisabeth’sPoliticalThoughtandItsContext 6 APersistentPrincess:HowElisabethofBohemiaConstructed HerPersonalPolitics .......................................... 89 CarolPal 7 Elisabeth and Descartes Read Machiavelli in the Time ofHobbes .................................................... 109 GianniPaganini 8 PrincessElisabethandtheChallengesofPhilosophizing .......... 127 LisaShapiro vii viii Contents PartIII Elisabeth’sPhilosophicalThoughtinHerExchange withDescartes 9 TheSoul’sExtension: Elisabeth’sSolutiontoDescartes’s Mind–BodyProblem .......................................... 145 LilliAlanen 10 Elisabeth onFree Will,Preordination, and Philosophical Doubt ........................................................ 163 MartinaReuter 11 IsOurHappinessuptoUs?ElisabethofBohemiaontheLimits ofInternalism ................................................. 177 DominikPerler 12 TheFeminineBodyintheCorrespondenceBetweenDescartes andElisabeth ................................................. 193 Marie-FrédériquePellegrin 13 WhatIsElisabeth’sCartesianism? .............................. 205 DenisKambouchner Index ............................................................. 215 Note on Abbreviations Thefollowingabbreviationsareusedthroughoutthisvolume: AT RenéDescartes.OeuvresdeDescartes.11vols.EditedbyCharlesAdam andPaulTannery,firstpublished,Paris1897–1913.Reprint:Paris:CNRS, 1996. CSMK RenéDescartes.ThePhilosophicalWritingsofRenéDescartes.Translated by John Cottingham, Robert Stoothoff, Dugald Murdoch, and Anthony Kenny.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress:1984–1991. S Elisabeth of Bohemia. The Correspondence between Princess Elisabeth ofBohemiaandRenéDescartes.TranslatedbyLisaShapiro.Chicagoand London:UniversityofChicagoPress:2007. ix Editors and Contributors AbouttheEditors SabrinaEbbersmeyer isAssociateProfessorforthehistoryofphilosophyatthe UniversityofCopenhagen,Denmark.WorkingprimarilyonRenaissanceandEarly Modernphilosophy,herresearchfocussesondebatesinmoralpsychologyandphilos- ophyofmind,onhumanismandgenderinthehistoriographyofphilosophy.Shehas publishedonnumerousRenaissanceandEarlyModernphilosophers,includingIsotta Nogarola,BernardinoTelesio,ElisabethofBohemiaandGottfriedWilhelmLeibniz. Sheisauthor ofHomoagens (BerlinandNewYork:deGruyter 2010),hasedited thevolumeEmotionalMinds(BerlinandNewYork:deGruyter2012)andtranslated theletterexchangebetweenElisabethofBohemiaandRenéDescartesintoGerman (München:Fink2015). SarahHutton is Honorary Visiting Professor at the University of York, UK. She haspublishedextensivelyonearlymodernphilosophyandintellectualhistory,espe- cially on the Cambridge Platonists and in women and the history of philosophy andscience.HerpublicationsincludeAnneConway.AWomanPhilosopher(CUP), a revised edition of Conway Letters (first published by Marjorie Nicolson), and BritishPhilosophyintheSeventeenthCentury(OUP).Shehasalsopublishedarti- cles on Margaret Cavendish, Damaris Masham, Mary Astell, Catharine Macaulay andÉmilieduChatelet.SheisPresidentoftheInternationalSocietyforIntellectual History. Contributors NadineAkkerman English Language and Literature, Leiden University, Leiden, TheNetherlands LilliAlanen DepartmentofPhilosophy,UppsalaUniversity,Uppsala,Sweden xi