Elementary surveying PDF
Preview Elementary surveying
f^ Presented to the LIBRARY ofthe UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO from the estate of WORKS OF CHARLES BREED B. AND GEORGE HOSMER L. PUBLISHED BY JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SURVEYING Volume I. Elementary Surveying. Part I. Use,Adjustment,andCareofInstruments. Part II. Surveying, Stadia, MeridianObservations, Level- ing; City,Mine,andTopographicSurveying. Part III. Computations. Part IV. Plotting,Finishing,andFilingPlans. Tables. Logarithmic,Trigonometric,Stadia,andothers. Fourth Edition. Revised. 591 pages, 216 cuts. Flexible Leather,PocketSize,$3.00. Volume II. Higher Surveying. Part I. Triangulation, Astronomical Observations; Pre- ci.se,TrigonometricandBarometric Leveling. Part II. Stadia, Plane Table, Photographic Surveying, RelationofGeologytoTopography. Part III. HydrographicSurveying, StreamGauging. Part IV. ConstructingandFinishingMaps. Tables. Geodetic Position, Polyconic Projections, Baro- metric,Stadia,andothers. SecondEdition. 443pages, 158cutsand 7 full pageplates. Flexible Leather,PocketSize,$250. THE AND PRINCIPLES PRACTICE OF SURVEYING Volume Elementary Surveying I. BY CHARLES B. BREED and GEORGE L. HOSMER Professorof AssistantProfessor RailroadEngineering ofCivilEngineering MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Fourth EiuxioN' Total Issue Twent^-thr^e Thousand NEW YORK JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. London: CHAPMAN & HALL, Limited 1916 Vi ">= Copyright, 1906, 1908, 1915 BY CHARLES B. BREED and GEORGE L. HOSMER PRINTED AND BOUND AT THE NORWOOD PRESS, NORWOOD, MASS., U.S.A. PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION In presenting the fourth edition of this book the authors de- sire to call attention to two radical changes from the original plan of the work, both of which have been made in response to repeated requests from many teachers and practising surveyors. First, this volume is now bound in pocket size for the benefit of numerous schools which require the use of a text-book in the field. This change has been made, however, without reducing the size of type, a matter ofgreatimportance in any book which has to be used for evening study. Second, the subjectof Stadia Surveying has been fully treated in a new chapter in this volume. The Stadia Tables have been extended a full page. The entire volume has been revised andmuch of it rewritten. The description of various steel tapes has been brought up to date, and prominence is given to a modern method of measuring slope distances to avoidplumbing. To this end a table ofVersed Sines has been added which will assist in shortening the neces- sary computations. The chapter on Mine Surveying has been entirely rewritten, and brought more closely in touch with the modern practice. Practically all of the illustrations are new. The authors are indebted to Professor John W. Howard of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for his valuable suggestions and criti- cisms of this chapter. This volume has been entirely repaged and theTable of Con- tents, Index, and all cross references adapted to'the newpaging. The authors desire to thank all those who have assisted in the past by their suggestions and criticisms, and to request further criticisms of this new edition. Notices of any errors will be appreciated. C. B. B. G. L. H. Boston, Mass., February, 1915. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION In the preparation of this volume, it has been the authors' chief purpose to produce a text-book which shall include the essentials of a comprehensive knowledge of practical surveymg and at the same time be adapted to the use of teachers and students in technical schools. In this book, which is essentially an elementary treatise, such subjects as stadia, plane table, hydrographic and geodetic surveying, are entirely omitted, these sabiects being left for a later volume. Considerable stress is laid upon the practical side of sur- veying The attempt is made not only to give the student a thorough training in the fundamental principles and in approved methods of surveying, computing, and plotting, but also to impress upon him the importance of accuracy and precision in all of his work in the field and the drafting-room. In carrying out this purpose it has seemed necessary to lay particular stress upon some points which to the experienced engineer or the advanced student may appear too obvious to require explanation, but which teaching experience has shown to be most helpful to the beginner. The most common errors and mistakes have therefore been pointed out and numerous methods of checkmg have been explained. Every effort has been made to mculcate ri"-ht methods even in minor details, and forthis purpose a large number of examples from actual practice have been introduced. In arranging the subject matter of the work, the four parts are presented in what appears to be a logical sequence. First, the use, adjustment, and care of instrumentsare taken up ; then the next three parts, surveying methods, computationsm, and plotting, are taken in the order in which they are met the daily practice of the surveyor. To show more clearly the steps vineytihnegprmoectehsso,dsthaerenoctaelscuwlhatiecdhinaretheusecdompaustailtliuosntrasteicotnisoni,n saunrd-
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