Elementary Algebra (Explore Our New Mathematics 1st Editions) PDF
Preview Elementary Algebra (Explore Our New Mathematics 1st Editions)
Step Up to Success with Bracken and Miller Your Guide to Problem Solving Not Your Typical Application Among the application problems appearing in this textbook are specially developed exercises and examples that reference information taken directly from news articles, research studies, and other fact-based sources. 83. According to an article on safety tips for blogging, two out of three teenagers provide their age on their blog, three out of five reveal their location, and one out of five reveals their full name. Find the number of 3675 teenag- ers who reveal their location on their blog. (Source: www .microsoft.com) Many of these applications are set up in two parts with a problem statement given irst followed by an excerpt. Since the question appears irst and then the information needed to answer the question follows, you experience problem solving in a more true-to-life way. 91. Find the number of albums sold at the same point last year (2011). Round to the nearest tenth of a million. Year to date album sales stand at 5.80 million, up 7% com- pared to the same total at this point last year. (Source: www .billboard.com, Jan. 11, 2012) Though similar in length to texts or tweets, the authentic excerpts often contain more information than is needed to solve the applications. You will need to think critically to select the relevant information and in doing so, practice the skills needed to solve problems outside of the classroom. Problem Solving in Five Steps Do you need to solve an application problem? Not sure where to begin? The ive steps will help you break the process down into an easy-to-use method you apply whenever you need to solve a problem. THE FIVE STEPS Step 1 Understand the problem. Read the problem. Identify the unknown. Assign a variable. Identify extraneous information. Step 2 Make a plan. Identify the relationship between the unknown and the other information in the problem. Decide how to find the unknown: write and solve an equation or inequality, use a formula, draw and use a graph, evaluate a function, solve a sys- tem of equations. Step 3 Carry out the plan. Step 4 Look back. Does the answer make sense? Is it reasonable? Check for errors in arithmetic or algebra. Think about what you have learned from solving this problem. Step 5 Report the solution. Write the answer to the problem in a complete sentence. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Enhanced WebAssign® Your Instant Access to Practice, Problem Solving, and Mastering Concepts Looking for more practice with problem solving? The Enhanced WebAssign online homework course that accompanies Elementary Algebra includes key elements from the textbook to help support you. Whether working in the textbook or online, you can access: ➤ The five steps as you practice solving a wide variety of application problems. ➤ F ind the Mistake problems to help you think critically about your work and correct it as you analyze common errors. In addition, Enhanced WebAssign includes other key problem types chosen from the textbook to give you support in developing and reining problem-solving, critical thinking, and study skills. Tutorial videos and a customizable and interactive eBook also enhance your learning experience. Visit www.webassign.net to learn more. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA LaUra J. Bracken LewiS-CLArK StAte CoLLege edward S. MiLLer LewiS-CLArK StAte CoLLege Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Elementary Algebra © 2014 Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning Laura J. Bracken, edward S. Miller ALL rigHtS reSerVeD. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means Acquisitions editor: rita Lombard graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, Senior Developmental editor: erin Brown, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, web distribution, information Katherine greig networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted Assistant editor: Lauren Crosby under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without Senior editorial Assistant: Jennifer Cordoba the prior written permission of the publisher. Managing Media editor: Heleny wong For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Associate Media editor: guanglei Zhang Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706. Senior Brand Manager: gordon Lee For permission to use material from this text or product, Senior Market Development Manager: submit all requests online at cengage.com/permissions. Danae April Further permissions questions can be emailed to [email protected]. Senior Content Project Manager: Cheryll Linthicum Library of Congress Control Number: 2012953159 Senior Art Director: Vernon Boes iSBN-13: 978-0-618-95134-5 Senior Manufacturing Planner: Becky Cross iSBN-10: 0-618-95134-2 rights Acquisitions Specialist: roberta Broyer Production Service: Martha emry Brooks/Cole Photo researcher: terri wright 20 Davis Drive text researcher: terri wright Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA Copy editor: Barbara willette Art editor: Leslie Lahr Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions illustrator: Chris Ufer, graphic world, inc. with oice locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United text Designer: Diane Beasley Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local oice at Cover Designer: irene Morris www.cengage.com/global. Cover image: © iStockphoto.com/ Kyoungil Jeon Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson education, Ltd. Compositor: Lachina Publishing Services to learn more about Brooks/Cole, visit www.cengage.com/brookscole. Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 17 16 15 14 13 Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. to tony and the rest of the Hogan’s family, who have supported us in many ways as we have written this book. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. about the authors LaUra Bracken, co-author of Investigating Prealgebra and Investigating College Mathematics, teaches developmental mathematics at Lewis-Clark State College. As developmental math coordinator, Laura led the process of developing objectives, siwcntooacnlnrunkddeeaicdnrt dgcioio zanli lnsma gbba oeasrtstawsetereisyves ensmlky die lweln vqtitesuh,li o azsp ncpmdire oenegnncretfaao mflra cm.ci Snuahgltthe yp haltaonac sdem makeen t Courtesy Laura Bracken introductory science courses. Laura has presented at numerous national and regional conferences and currently serves as the regional representative for the AMAtYC Placement and Assessment Committee. Her blog, Dev Math Diary, is at http://devmathdiary.wordpress.com/ ed MiLLer is a professor of mathematics at Lewis- Clark State College. He earned his PhD in general topology at ohio University in 1989. He teaches a wide range of courses, including elementary and intermediate algebra. His terms as chair of the gCMpaoearmntth eomerfami tal tnaeetd eiinuc, stcae anhgtdairov atenthe esCdp Do uwmirvhrmieosdilioet th nrei ameot,fh ttNehorae ltt oChuoarukanr lr a diStci cuscicloeurnuemcrtsee es us a nanistd s . Courtesy Laura Bracken A regular presenter at national and regional meetings, ed is exploring the use of multiple choice questions as a teaching tool as well as an assessment tool. about the cover the cover image symbolizes the importance of self-empowerment or “stepping up” in order to achieve your goals. Success requires independence, persistence, responsibility, and a willingness to put your “best foot” forward—all key skills this developmental mathematics series seeks to foster. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Dear Colleagues, Several years ago, we began writing materials to supplement our developmental mathematics textbooks and improve student success in our classes. Although we work at a four-year state college, it essentially ofers open admission, serving as a community college and technical school for a large region. About 60% of our students must take developmental mathematics; many are enrolled in developmental english courses and are irst-generation college students. when we started to write Elementary Algebra, we identiied the range of conceptual and procedural knowledge that students should learn to be prepared for their next mathematics course, whether that is intermediate algebra, introductory statistics, liberal arts mathematics, or quantitative literacy. we also considered how we could support students as they learn how to be successful in college. we used responses from faculty across the country as well as research on this student population to inform our work. we concluded that as students learn the mechanics of algebra, they must also build a conceptual understand- ing of variable. they need to build connections between algebraic and graphical representations of relation - ships. they should improve their proiciency in identifying the quantitative relationships in application problems, and learn how to use algebra in solving these problems. while they are learning mathematics, they can also learn about the culture of college and develop strategies that will help them persist towards their certiicate or degree. to support these goals, we developed features and content that include: l A ive-step problem-solving plan based on the work of george Polya to organize student work on applications. rather than memorize solutions to individual problems, the Five Steps help students develop strategies both for solving problems and for relecting about the reasonability of their answers. l Short readings called Success in College Mathematics, along with follow-up exercises, that address topics of relevance to students who are making the transition to college-level courses and help instructors identify issues outside of mathematics that may afect student success and retention. l examples with detailed, step-by-step explanation. Since students often rely heavily on examples when working on assignments and studying, each step of the detailed worked examples is accompanied by an annotation that details the mathematical operation performed. Color-coding and bold type are also used to help enhance the explanation of the work performed in each step of the solution. l Multiple opportunities for review of arithmetic. Chapter r is an optional review chapter that includes a Pretest, Posttest, and instruction in arithmetic with whole numbers, integers, fractions, decimals, and percents. Just-in-time review or references to sections within Chapter r are included at key points within Chapters 1–9. l end-of-chapter Study Plan and review exercises. these help guide students through test or exam preparation, step by step. the Study Plan includes study tables for each section in the chapter along with “Can i . . .” study questions that are linked to review exercises. references to examples and Practice Problems from within the sections are also included for additional review, if needed. l Algorithmic online homework capabilities through enhanced webAssign® that include unique question types from the textbook, as well as an interactive and customizable eBook (YouBook). l tools for instructors, such as teaching Notes in the Annotated instructor’s edition, along with Classroom examples that mirror the examples provided in the student textbook. the PowerLecture CD-roM is also available to instructors, and it contains examView® algorithmic computerized testing, Solution Builder (link to the complete textbook solutions), PowerPoint slides including selected worked examples from the textbook along with the corresponding Classroom examples, and other resources for reference and instructional support. we welcome your feedback as you use these materials. if you have any questions or comments please contact us at [email protected] and [email protected]. we also invite you to follow our blog at http://devmathdiary.wordpress.com/ All the best to you and to your students. Laura Bracken and Ed Miller Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. What Instructors and Students Are Saying About Bracken and Miller’s Elementary Algebra “This book has a smart approach to problem solving, helping students to develop good habits, and use applications throughout to bring meaning to the ideas being taught.” “[Students] agree that the book and the course helped them to develop their problem-solving skills and they feel more conident in their abilities.” —Barbara Goldner, North Seattle Community College “Problem-solving plans help me organize data to complete problems.” “Very helpful. Gives great examples and explains problems very well.” “This book is easy to understand. it’s very helpful and gives clear examples.” “i found breaking down word problems into sections was helpful.” “[Success in college Mathematics] helped assess personal goals.” [Find the Mistake] “if i could ind the mistakes in other problems it would be easier to ind the mistakes in my own work.” —Class Test Students, North Seattle Community College “i absolutely LOVe these [Find the Mistake]. error analysis is a huge tool that is often overlooked. it is also helpful to get them to write down their steps or “show their work.” —Jane West, Trident Technical College “The fact that the applications include excerpts from current research and reports provides the real-life context that the authors desire as well as increasing student interest, and the number of problems with extraneous information will force students to read carefully for important information. These problems do not appear periodically; they are intentional and consistent.” —Shelly Hansen, Colorado Mesa University “The ive-step problem-solving plan is outstanding. The real-world applications are easier solved if this ive-step strategy is used. This is one of the strongest parts of the textbook.” —Nicoleta Bila, Fayetteville State University “i love these [Success in college Mathematics]. i think that many students take developmental math (and need to repeat it so much) because they’re lacking in study skills and/or experiencing a transition-to-college culture shock. This feature is very useful in reminding the student that the burden of learning is on them, and it also helps the students be more aware of their own learning.” —Daniel Kleinfelter, College of the Desert vi Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
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