Electrostatics 1999, Proceedings of the 10th INT Conference, Cambridge, UK, 28-31 March 1999

482 Pages·1999·27.157 MB·\482

by  D.M. Taylor (Author)

Electrostatics 1999
Other titles in the Series
Other Electrostatics titles in the Institute of Physics Conference Series:
143: Electrostatics 1995
Edited by S Cunningham
118: Electrostatics 1991
Edited by B C 0 O'Neill
85: Electrostatics 1987
Edited by J L Sproston
Other titles of interest include:
Electrostatics
J Cross 0 85274 589 3 1987
Contents: Historical background and elementary theory. Electrification
of solids and liquids. Measurements and instrumentation. Electrometers
and electrostatic voltmeters. Field meters and non-contracting voltmeters.
Electrostatics in gas filtration. Appendices: Miscellaneous applications.
Hazards and problems. Theory. Index.
Electrostatics 1999
Proceedings of the 1Oth International Conference, Cambridge,
28-31 March 1999
Edited by D M Taylor, University of Wales, Bangor, UK
Institute of Physics Conference Series Number 163
Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia
Copyright © 1999 by lOP Publishing Ltd and individual contributors. All rights reserved. No part
of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or
by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written
permission of the publisher, except as stated below. Single photocopies of single articles may
be made for private study or research. Illustrations and short extracts from the text of individual
contributions may be copied provided that the source is acknowledged, the permission of the authors
is obtained and lOP Publishing Ltd is notified. Multiple copying is permitted in accordance with
the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency under the terms of its agreement
with the Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals. Authorization to photocopy items for
internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients in the USA, is granted
by lOP Publishing Ltd to libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center
(CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided that the base fee of $30.00 per copy is paid
directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
0305-2346/99 $30.00+.00
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 0 7503 0638 6
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data are available
Published by Institute of Physics Publishing, wholly owned by The Institute of Physics, London
Institute of Physics Publishing, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS I 6BE, UK
US Office: Institute of Physics Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 1035, 150 South
Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
Printed in Great Britain by Galliards, Great Yarmouth
Preface xiii
Bill Bright Memorial Lecture 1
Electrostatics-then, now and maybe
D K Davies 3
Section A. Fundamental physics 11
Spectroscopy and calorimetry of the spark discharge
Z Kucerovsky, W D Greason and M Wm Flatley 13
Surface-wave mechanism for the phenomenon of passive insulator charge
elimination
T S Lee 17
Distortion of a water surface stressed by a perpendicular, alternating electric field
1 A Robinson, M A Bergougnou, G S P Castle and I I Inculet 23
Evidence of bipolar corona emission from a DC point
T S Lee and G Touchard 21
Charge density of a high-velocity electrified jet of diesel oil
A Selenou Ngomsi, H Romat and K Baudry 33
Pulsed streamer discharge in water through a pin hole of insulating plate
M Sato, Y Yamada and B Sun 37
Modelling the electrical conductivity of two-phase composite materials
N Harfield, 1 R Bowler and G C Stevens 41
About a thermodynamical approach for capacitor relaxation current
L C Bassani and L D Di Lillo 45
Streamer properties in air and in the presence of insulators
N L Allen and P N Mikropoulos 49
Corona discharge from a metal filamentary particle and its motion within parallel
plate electrodes
K Asano, T Yamaki and K Yatsuzuka 53
Th~~oo ~
vi
Section B. Bioelectrostatics 61
Positioning, levitation and separation of biological cells
W M Arnold 63
Single Cryptosporidium oocyst isolation and capture using a travelling-wave
dielectrophoresis device
A D Goater, R Pethig, C A Paton and H V Smith 69
Characterization of the dielectrophoretic movement of DNA in micro-fabricated
structures
D Bakewell, H Morgan and J J Milner 73
Electrostatic properties of metered dose inhalers
J Peart and P R Byron 77
Dielectrophoretic measurements of sub-micrometre latex particles following
surface modification
M P Hughes, M F Flynn and H Morgan 81
Electrorotation of oocysts of Cyclospora cayetanensis
C Dalton, R Pethig, C A Paton and H V Smith 85
Sub-micrometre AC electrokinetics: particle dynamics under the influence of
dielectrophoresis and electrohydrodynamics
N G Green, A Ramos, H Morgan and A Castellanos 89
Discussion 93
Section C. Atomization and EHD 97
Electrostatic atomization--questions and challenges
A J Kelly 99
Viscosity effect on electrohydrodynamic (EHD) spraying of liquids
A Jaworek, W Machowski, A Krupa and W Balachandran 109
Scaling laws for droplet size and current produced in the cone-jet mode
R P A Hartman, D J Brunner, K B Geerse, J C M Marijnissen and B Scarlett 115
Electrostatic atomization of an ultra-fine spray of ceramic solution
P Miao, Z A Huneiti, W Machowski, W Balachandran, P Xiao and J R G Evans 119
Analysis of charged plumes with Coulomb repulsion
P A Vazquez, ATP erez and A Castellanos 123
Enhancement of heat transfer and mass transport in thermal equipment with
electrohydrodynamics
J Seyed-Yagoobi and J E Bryan 127
Flow electrification in high-power transformers
G Touchard, G Artana and 0 Moreau 131
Vll
Fluid flow driven by AC electric fields in microelectrodes
A Ramos, A Gonzalez, A Castellanos, H Morgan and N G Green 137
Global instabilities in an electrified jet
G Artana and B Seguin 141
Study of the changes in the flow around a cylinder caused by electroconvection
G Artana, G Desimone and G Touchard 147
A new method of analysing electro-osmosis
S Watanabe, Y Hobo, N Hayashi, T Sumi, D Dykes and G Touchard 153
Transient electrohydrodynamic stability of dielectric liquids subjected to unipolar
injection
R Chic6n, A Castellanos and ATP erez 157
Effect of an electric field on the response of a liquid jet to a pulse-type perturbation
G Artana and B Seguin 161
Drop charging during liquid dispersion
Y Wang and A G Bailey 167
Nonlinear stability of an electrified liquid jet
K Baudry, H Romat and A Selenou Ngomsi 171
Asymptotic variation of radius of a viscous polymer jet in the electrospinning
process
A F Spivak and Y A Dzenis 175
Experimental study of a jet of conducting liquid subjected to a radial DC field
H Gonzalez, P Atten and K Chouman 179
Discussion 183
Hot topic discussion 187
MECA electrometer: initial calibration experiments
M Buehler, L-J Cheng, 0 Orient, M Thelen, R Gompf, J Bayliss and J Rauwerdink 189
Section D. Hazards 197
Electrostatic ignition hazards associated with flammable substances in the form of
gases, vapours, mists and dusts
M Glor 199
Large-scale chemical plants: eliminating the electrostatic hazards
G R Astbury and A J Harper 207
Modelling the electrostatic ignition hazards associated with the cleaning of tanks
containing flammable atmospheres
T J Williams and R T Jones 211
viii
Fuzzy logic in electrostatics-hazard assessment
E Balog and I Berta 215
Dust cloud ignition by electrostatic discharges and the mythology of minimum
ignition energy-do we know enough?
1M Smallwood 221
The high-resolution microcomputer system for recording of electrostatic discharges
L Ptasinski, T Zeglen and 1 Gajda 225
Flow electrification through porous media
T Paillat, E Moreau and G Touchard 229
Incendivity of electrostatic discharges in dust clouds: the minimum ignition
energy problem
M Bailey, P Hooker, P Caine and N Gibson 233
Discussion 239
Section E. Applications and processing 241
Bipolar spray charging for enhanced deposition onto nonconductive and electrically
isolated targets
S E Law, S C Cooper and W B Law 243
Marking with electrostatics
DA Hays 249
Enhancement of transfer efficiency and appearance in automotive powder coating
M K Mazumder, R A Sims, D L Wankum, T Chasser, N Grable, W Chok,
S Robbins, W Gao and G Tebbetts 253
Factors influencing operational efficiency of an electrostatic solvent extraction
system
M 1 Reeves, A G Bailey, A G Howard and C 1 Broan 257
Electric field interaction with debris generated by laser ablation of polyimide films
C 1 Hayden, R Pethig and 1 P H Burt 261
An experimental study on the possible use of the corona discharge in water
treatment
1 Winkler, N Karpel Vel Leitner and H Romat 265
Physico-dynamics in electro-atomizer modelling
S Viswanathan, H C Loy, K K Loh, N V Ananthanaryanan and W Balachandran 269
Cleaning of dusty gases by pulse corona in the laboratory
M Nifuku, E Kiss, I 1enei, M Horvath and H Katoh 275
Streaming current charge versus tribo charge
R Baur, H-T Macholdt and E Michel 285
IX
Neutralization of static surface charges by an AC ionizer in a nitrogen environment
1 S Chang, K G Harasym, P C Looy, A A Berezin and C G Noll 289
The influence of flow regime on electrostatic destabilisation of water-in-oil
emulsions: a theoretical and experimental assessment
N 1 Wayth, T 1 Williams, A G Bailey, M T Thew and 0 Urdahl 295
New results in ESP modelling
I Kiss, 1 Suda, N Szedenik and I Berta 299
Electric field and space charge density analysis in an AC charger for small
particles
K Adamiak and X Deng 305
Discussion 309
Section F. Materials evaluation and applications 311
Inherently conductive polymers as antistatic agents for textiles
T Derrick, P Kathirgamanathan, M 1 Toohey and 1 N Chubb 313
Static electricity dissipation mechanism in carpets containing conductive fibres
W K Fisher 321
Evaluation of charge retention properties of powder paints by thermally stimulated
current spectroscopy
T Ogiwara and K Ikezaki 325
The assessment of materials by tribo and corona charging and charge decay
measurements
1 N Chubb 329
Real-time particle size and electrostatic charge distribution analysis and its
applications to electrostatic processes
M K Mazumder, N Grable, Y Tang, S O'Connor and R A Sims 335
Visualization of distribution of electron traps on polymer surface by means of
scanning micro laser probe
Y Murata and K Kubota 341
Section G. ESD/EOS 349
The effect of resistance to ground on human body ESD
D E Swenson 351
Environmental tests of silicon microstrip detector devices for high-energy space
applications
P Azzarello and D Vite 357