Electrophysiological Disorders of the Heart

1220 Pages·2005·19.47 MB·English

by  Sanjeev Saksena

The Curtis Center
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ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS OF THE HEART 0-443-06570-5
Copyright 2005, Elsevier Inc.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Electrophysiological disorders of the heart/editors, Sanjeev Saksena, A. John Camm; associate editors,
Penelope A. Boyden, Paul Dorian, Nora Goldschlager. — 1st ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-443-06570-5
1. Arrhythmia. I. Saksena, Sanjeev.
[DNLM: 1. Arrhythmia—diagnosis. 2. Arrhythmia —physiopathology. 3. Arrhythmia—therapy.
4. Eletrocardiography. 5. Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac.
WG 330 E383 2004]
RC685.A65E455 2004
′
616.128—dc22
2004043905
Acquisitions Editor:Anne Lenehan
Developmental Editor:Jennifer Shreiner
Project Manager:Jeff Gunning
Book Designer:Gene Harris
Printed in the United States of America
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To Diane, Joy, and our parents and families, whose unfailing
support and understanding made this work feasible.
This book is dedicated to the pioneers in our field, who made
such progress possible, and to our mentors, who imbued us with
the desire to help advance this science.
Contributors
Masood Akhtar, M.D. Atrial Tachycardias, Flutter, and Fibrillation; Sustained
Ventricular Tachycardia with Heart Disease; Ventricular
Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Wisconsin
Fibrillation
Medical School—Milwaukee Clinical Campus; Attending,
Aurora Sinai/St. Luke’s Medical Centers, Milwaukee, David B. Bharucha, M.D., Ph.D.
Wisconsin
Assistant Professor of Medicine–Cardiac Physiology,
Ventricular Tachycardia Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Attending
Electrophysiologist, Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai
Kelley Anderson, M.D.
Medical Center; Director, Arrhythmia and Cardiac Device
Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Services, Queens Health Network, New York, New York
Wisconsin, Medical School, Madison; Cardiologist,
Postoperative Arrhythmias after Cardiac Surgery
Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin
Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation without Zalmen Blanck, M.D.
Structural Heart Disease Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, University of
Wisconsin Medical School—Milwaukee Clinical Campus;
Angelo Auricchio, M.D., Ph.D.
Attending, St. Luke’s/Aurora Sinai Medical Centers,
Associate Professor of Cardiology, Otto von Guericke Milwaukee, Wisconsin
University School of Medicine; Director, Cardiac
Ventricular Tachycardia
Catheterization Laboratories, Division of Cardiology,
University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany Neil E. Bowles, Ph.D.
Device Technology for Congestive Heart Failure
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine;
Rabih Azar, M.D., M.Sc., F.A.C.C. Pediatric Cardiologist, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston,
Texas
Saint-Joseph University School of Medicine; Attending,
Genetics and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Division of Cardiology, Hoˆtel Dieu de France Hospital,
Beirut, Lebanon
Josep Brugada, M.D.
Sinus Node Dysfunction; Atrioventricular Block
Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Barcelona
David G. Benditt, M.D. School of Medicine; Director, Arrhythmia Unit,
Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical
The Brugada Syndrome
School; Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, University Hospital,
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Pedro Brugada, M.D.
Autonomic Nervous System and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Professor of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research and
Marcie Berger, M.D. Teaching Institute; Olv Hospital, Aalst, Belgium
Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of The Brugada Syndrome
Wisconsin Medical School—Milwaukee Clinical Campus;
Ramon Brugada, M.D.
Attending, St. Luke’s/Aurora Sinai Medical Centers,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin Assistant Professor of Medicine; Director, Molecular
Genetics, Massonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica,
Ventricular Tachycardia
New York
Tim Betts, M.D., M.B.Ch.B., M.R.C.P. The Brugada Syndrome
Consultant Cardiologist and Electrophysiologist,
Hugh Calkins, M.D.
Department of Cardiology, John Radcliffe Hospital,
Oxford, United Kingdom Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School
Arrhythmias in Coronary Artery Disease of Medicine; Director, Electrophysiology Laboratory,
and Director, Arrhythmia Service, Johns Hopkins Hospital,
Saroja Bharati, M.D. Baltimore, Maryland
Professor of Pathology, Rush Medical College; Syncope
Rush–Presbyterian–St. Luke’s Medical Center,
A. John Camm, M.D., F.R.C.P., F.E.S.C., F.A.C.C.
Chicago; Director, The Maurice Lev Congenital Heart
and Conduction System Center, The Heart Institute Professor of Clinical Cardiology, Department of Cardiac and
for Children; Advocate Hope Children’s Hospital Vascular Sciences, St. George’s Hospital Medical School,
and Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, London, United Kingdom
Illinois Atrial Tachycardia, Flutter, and Fibrillation;
Sinus Node Dysfunction; Atrioventricular Block; Paroxysmal Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia;
Supraventricular Tachycardias and the Preexcitation Syndromes; Noninvasive Electrophysiology
vii
viii Contributors
Franco Cecchi, M.D. Anwer Dhala, M.D.
Chief, Referral Center for Cardiomyopathies, Department Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, University of
of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Wisconsin Medical School—Milwaukee Clinical Campus;
Florence, Italy Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Medical College
Arrhythmias Associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy of Wisconsin; Attending, St. Luke’s/Aurora Sinai Medical
Centers and Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,
Nipon Chattipakorn, M.D., Ph.D. Wisconsin
Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Ventricular Tachycardia
Physiology, Chiangmai University Faculty of Medicine,
Michael Domanski, B.S.
Chiangmai, Thailand
Fundamental Concepts and Advances in Defibrillation (Aerospace Engineering), M.D.
Head, Clinical Trials Group, National Heart, Lung, and
Shih-Ann Chen, M.D.
Blood Institute; Warren G. Magnusson Clinical Center,
Professor of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
School of Medicine; Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Ventricular Fibrillation
Laboratory, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei,
Taiwan Paul Dorian, M.D., M.Sc., F.R.C.P.C.
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias and the Preexcitation Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto Faculty of
Syndromes; Atrial Tachycardia, Flutter, and Fibrillation Medicine; Director, Electrophysiology Service, Department
of Cardiology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario,
Yongkeun Cho, M.D., Ph.D.
Canada
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook Principles of Clinical Pharmacology; Sustained
National University Medical School and Hospital, Taegu, Ventricular Tachycardia with Heart Disease;
Korea Ventricular Fibrillation
Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia
Nabil El-Sherif, M.D.
Anthony W.C. Chow, M.D., M.R.C.P.
Professor of Medicine and Physiology, SUNYDownstate
Consultant Electrophysiologist, Department of Cardiology, Medical Center College of Medicine; Director, Clinical
University College London Hospitals NHS Trust; Honorary Cardiac Electrophysiology program, SUNYDownstate
Consultant Cardiologist, Department of Cardiology, Medical Center; Director, Division of Cardiology, VA Medical
St. Mary’s Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom Center, Brooklyn, New York
Catheter Mapping Techniques Arrhythmias and Electrolyte Disorders
Jamie Beth Conti, M.D. N.A. Mark Estes III, M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine and Training Program Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of
Director, Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Florida Medicine; Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratory,
College of Medicine; Assistant Director, Clinical New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Electrophysiology, Shands at the University of Florida,
Principles of Catheter Ablation
Gainesville, Florida
Arrhythmias during Pregnancy Marjaneh Fatemi, M.D.
Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, University of
Ryan Cooley, M.D.
Brest Faculty of Medicine; Attending Physician,
Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
Wisconsin Medical School—Milwaukee Clinical Campus;
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Attending, Aurora Sinai/St. Luke’s Medical Centers,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin Sami Firoozi, M.D., M.R.C.P.
Ventricular Tachycardia
Clinical Research Fellow, St. George’s Hospital Medical
School; Cardiology Specialist Registrar, St. George’s
Anne B. Curtis, M.D.
Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Professor of Medicine, University of Florida College of
Evaluation and Management of Arrhythmias in Athletes
Medicine; Director, Clinical Electrophysiology, Shands at the
University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida John D. Fisher, M.D.
Arrhythmias during Pregnancy
Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine–Cardiology,
Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University;
D. Wyn Davies, M.D., F.E.S.C.
Director, Arrhythmia Service/CCEP Program Director,
Professor of Cardiology, University of London; Consultant in Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
Cardiology, St. Mary’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom Clinical Electrophysiology Techniques
Catheter Mapping Techniques
Anne M. Gillis, M.D.
Sanjay Deshpande, M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Department of Cardiac Sciences,
Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, University of University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine; Director of
Wisconsin Medical School—Milwaukee Clinical Campus; Pacing and Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiac
Attending, Aurora Sinai/St. Luke’s Medical Centers, Sciences, Calgary Health Region, Calgary, Alberta,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin Canada
Ventricular Tachycardia Proarrhythmia Syndromes
Contributors ix
Nora Goldschlager, M.D., F.A.C.P., F.A.C.C. José Jalife, M.D.
Professor of Clinical Medicine, University of California, Professor and Chairman, Department of Pharmacology,
San Francisco, School of Medicine; Associate Director, and Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, SUNY
Cardiology Division, and Director, Coronary Care Unit, Upstate Medical University; Director, Institute for
ECG Laboratory and Pacemaker Clinic, San Francisco Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital, Syracuse,
General Hospital, San Francisco, California New York
Sinus Node Dysfunction; Atrioventricular Block Mechanisms of Reentrant Arrhythmias
David E. Haines, M.D. Michiel Janse, M.D., Ph.D.
Director, Heart Rhythm Center, William Beaumont Emeritus Professor of Experimental Cardiology,
Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan University of Amsterdam Faculty of Medicine; Laboratory
Ablation Technology of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Michel Haissaguerre, M.D., F.E.S.C.
Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia with Heart Disease
Professor of Cardiology, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux;
Director, Electrophysiology, University Hospital, Pessac, Werner Jung, M.D., F.E.S.C.
France
Professor of Medicine and Head, Department of Cardiology,
Curative Catheter Ablation for Supraventricular Tachycardia:
University of Villingen Faculty of Medicine; Attending,
Techniques and Indications
Academic Hospital Villingen, Villingen-Schwenningen,
Germany
Stephen Hammill, M.D.
Devices for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Professor of Medicine, Mayo Medical School; Director,
Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Alan Kadish, M.D.
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
Chester and Deborah C. Cooley Professor of Medicine,
Sinus Node Dysfunction; Atrioventricular Block
Northwestern University Feibberg School of Medicine;
Meleze Hocini, M.D. Senior Associate Chief, Division of Cardiology, Department
of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Faculty Foundation,
University of Bordeaux II, Bordeaux; Research Associate,
Chicago, Illinois
Department of Cardiology, Hoˆpital Cardiologique du Haut
Le´ve`que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France Arrhythmias in Coronary Artery Disease
Curative Catheter Ablation for Supraventricular Tachycardia:
Demosthenes G. Katritsis, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.,
Techniques and Indications
F.A.C.C.
Stefan H. Hohnloser, M.D.
Director, Cardiology Service, Athens Euroclinic, Athens,
Professor of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Greece; Honorary Consultant Cardiologist,
J.W. Goethe University Faculty of Medicine, Frankfurt, Cardiothoracic Centre, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London,
Germany United Kingdom
Evaluation and Management of Arrhythmias in Dilated Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia
Cardiomyopathy and Congestive Heart Failure
George J. Klein, M.D., F.A.C.C., F.R.C.P.C.
Munther K. Homoud, M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Chair, Cardiology Division,
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario
of Medicine; Co-Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Faculty of Medicine; Chief of Cardiology, Department of
Laboratory, Tufts–New England Medical Center, Boston, Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London,
Massachusetts Ontario, Canada
Principles of Catheter Ablation Asymptomatic ECG Abnormalities
Raymond E. Ideker, M.D., Ph.D.
Helmut Klein, M.D.
Jeanne V. Marks Professor of Medicine, Department of
Professor of Medicine, Otto von Guericke University School
Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease; Professor of
of Medicine; Chief, Department of Cardiology, University
Biomedical Engineering; and Professor of Physiology,
Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
University of Alabama–Birmingham School of Medicine,
Device Technology for Congestive Heart Failure
Birmingham, Alabama
Fundamental Concepts and Advances in Defibrillation Peter R. Kowey, M.D.
Demosthenes Iskos, M.D. Professor of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University,
Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota Medical School; Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia; Chief,
Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, University Hospital, Cardiovascular Services, Main Line Health System,
Minneapolis, Minnesota Lankenau Hospital, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
Autonomic Nervous System and Cardiac Arrhythmias Postoperative Arrhythmias after Cardiac Surgery
Pierre Jais, M.D. Fred Kusumoto, M.D.
University Bordeaux II Victor Se´galen; Electrophysiology, Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of
Hopital Haut Le´veˆque, Bordeaux, France New Mexico College of Medicine, Albuquerque,
Curative Catheter Ablation for Supraventricular Tachycardia: New Mexico
Techniques and Indications Sinus Node Dysfunction; Atrioventricular Block
x Contributors
Chu-Pak Lau, M.D. Yousuf Mahomed, M.D.
Chair Professor, University of Hong Kong School of Professor of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine;
Medicine; Chief of Cardiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Chief of Adult Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section of
Hong Kong, China Cardiothoracic Surgery, Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis,
Pacing Technology and Its Indications: Advances in Indiana
Threshold Management, Automatic Mode Switching, Antiarrhythmic Surgery
and Sensors
Vias Markides, M.D., M.B. (Hons.), B.S. (Hons.),
Ralph Lazzara, M.D.
M.R.C.P.
Regent’s Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Hon. Senior Lecturer, National Heart and Lung Institute,
Oklahoma College of Medicine; Medical Director, Cardiac Imperial College; Consultant, Waller Cardiac Department,
Arrhythmia Research Institute, University of Oklahoma St. Mary’s Hospital, and Department of Cardiology,
Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London,
Sinus Node Dysfunction; Atrioventricular Block United Kingdom
Catheter Mapping Techniques
Paul LeLorier, M.D., F.A.C.C.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Barry J. Maron, M.D.
Division of Cardiology, Boston University School of
Director, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center,
Medicine; Director, Implantable Cardiac Device Center,
Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis,
Arrhythmia Service, Section of Cardiology, Boston Medical
Minneapolis; Adjunct Professor of Medicine,
Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston,
Asymptomatic ECG Abnormalities Massachusetts
Arrhythmias Associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Samuel Levy, M.D., F.E.S.C., F.A.C.C.
Professor of Cardiology, University of Marseille; Head, William J. McKenna, M.D., F.R.C.P.,
Department of Cardiology, Hopital Nord, Marseille, F.A.C.C., F.E.S.C.
France
BHF Professor of Cardiology and Professor of Inherited
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias and the
Cardiovascular Disorders and Cardiology, The Heart
Preexcitation Syndromes
Hospital, University College Hospital, London,
United Kingdom
Hua Li, Ph.D.
Evaluation and Management of Arrhythmias in Athletes
Instructor in Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine;
Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Rahul Mehra, Ph.D.
Houston, Texas
Senior Director of Arrhythmia Research, Medtronic Inc.,
Genetics and Cardiac Arrhythmias Minneapolis, Minnesota
Fundamentals of Cardiac Stimulation
Bruce D. Lindsay, M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Washington University John M. Miller, M.D.
School of Medicine; Director, Clinical Electrophysiology
Professor of Medicine, Indiana University School of
Laboratory, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Medicine; Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Services, and
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias and the Director, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Training
Preexcitation Syndromes; Atrial Tachycardia, Flutter, and Program, Clarion Health System, Indianapolis, Indiana
Fibrillation; Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia with
Antiarrhythmic Surgery
Heart Disease; Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular
Fibrillation without Structural Heart Disease; Ventricular L. Brent Mitchell, M.D., F.R.C.P.C.
Fibrillation
Professor and Head, Department of Cardiac Sciences,
University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine; Director, Libin
Mark S. Link, M.D.
Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary Health Region,
Associate Professor of Medicine, Tufts University School of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Medicine; Co-Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratory,
Ventricular Fibrillation
Tufts–New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Principles of Catheter Ablation Arthur J. Moss, M.D.
Professor of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Rochester
Berndt Lüderitz, M.D., F.E.S.C., F.A.C.C., F.A.H.A.
School of Medicine and Dentistry; Attending Physician,
Professor and Chairman, Department of Medicine– Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical
Cardiology, University of Bonn Faculty of Medicine, Center, Rochester, New York
Bonn, Germany Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia
Devices for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Robert J. Myerburg, M.D.
Nandini Madan, M.B.B.S., M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Physiology, Department of
Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Drexel College of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami
Medicine; Attending Cardiologist, St. Christopher’s School of Medicine; Attending, Jackson Memorial Hospital,
Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylavania Miami, Florida
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: Technology, Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia with Heart Disease;
Indications, Implantation Techniques, and Follow-up Ventricular Fibrillation
Contributors xi
Gerald Naccarelli, M.D. Dan M. Roden, M.D.
Bernard Trabin Chair of Cardiology and Professor of Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of
Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of
Medicine; Director, Cardiovascular Center, Milton Medicine; Director, Division of Clinical Pharmacology,
S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania Vanderbilt University Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee
Sinus Node Dysfunction; Atrioventricular Block Molecular and Cellular Basis of Cardiac Electrophysiology
Stanley Nattel, M.D. Micheal R. Rosen, M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Paul-David Chair in Cardiovascular Gustavus A. Pfeiffer Professor of Pharmacology and
Electrophysiology, University of Montreal Faculty of Professor of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of
Medicine; Cardiologist, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Physicians and Surgeons; Director, Center for Molecular
Quebec, Canada Therapeutics, New York, New York
Atrial Tachycardia, Flutter, and Fibrillation Principles of Electropharmacology
Iacopo Olivotto, M.D. David Rosenbaum, M.D.
Staff Physician, Department of Cardiology, Azienda Associate Professor of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering,
Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy Physiology, and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University
Arrhythmias Associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy School of Medicine; Director, Heart and Vascular Research
Center, MetroHealth Campus, Case Western Reserve
Craig M. Pratt, M.D.
University, Cleveland, Ohio
Professor of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine; Ventricular Fibrillation
Director of Research, DeBakey Heart Center, and
Director of Coronary Care Unit, The Methodist Hospital, Jeremy N. Ruskin, M.D.
Houston, Texas Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School;
Interpretation of Clinical Trials: How Mortality Trials Relate Director, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General
to the Therapy of Atrial Fibrillation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Sudden Cardiac Death
Mark Preminger, M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, UMDNJ Robert Wood Mohammad Saeed, M.D.
Johnson Medical School; Director, Electrophysiology Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Medical
Laboratory, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, Branch; Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratory,
New Brunswick, New Jersy University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: Technology, Indications, Principles of Catheter Ablation
Implantation Techniques, and Follow-up
Scott Sakaguchi, M.D.
Kara J. Quan, M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Case Western Reserve Medical School; Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, University
University School of Medicine; Director, Electrophysiology Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Research Center, Autonomic Nervous System and Cardiac Arrhythmias
MetroHealth Campus, Cleveland, Ohio
Sanjeev Saksena, M.B.B.S., M.D., F.A.C.C.,
Ventricular Fibrillation
F.E.S.C., F.A.H.A., F.H.R.S.
Vivek Y. Reddy, M.D.
Clinical Professor of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson
Director, Experimental Electrophysiology Laboratory,
School of Medicine, Piscataway; Director, Cardiovascular
Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Institute and Arrhythmia/Pacemaker Service, PBI Regional
Boston, Massachusetts
Medical Center, Passaic, New Jersey
Sudden Cardiac Death
Atrioventricular Block; Paroxysmal Supraventricular
Larry A. Rhodes, M.D. Tachycardias and the Preexcitation Syndromes; Sustained
Ventricular Tachycardia with Heart Disease; Ventricular
Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania
Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation without Structural
School of Medicine; Director, Electrophysiology Unit,
Heart Disease, Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators:
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia,
Technology, Indications, Implantation Techniques, and
Pennsylvania
Follow-up; Devices for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation;
Evaluation and Management of Arrhythmias in a Device Technology for Congestive Heart Failure
Pediatric Population
Faramarz H. Samie, M.D.
Hygriv B. Rao, M.D., D.M.
Resident, Department of Dermatology, University of
Research Fellow, Electrophysiology Research Foundation, Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
Warren; PBI Regional Medical Center, Passaic, New Jersey Mechanisms of Reentrant Arrhythmias
Devices for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Irina Savelieva, M.D.
Dionyssios A. Robotis, M.D.
Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Cardiac and
Assistant Professor of Medicine, SUNYDownstate Medical Vascular Sciences, St. George’s Hospital Medical School,
Center College of Medicine; Director, Electrophysiology London, United Kingdom
Laboratory, VA Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York Atrial Tachycardia, Flutter, and Fibrillation; Noninvasive
Arrhythmias and Electrolyte Disorders Electrophysiology
xii Contributors
Richard J. Schilling, M.D. William G. Stevenson, M.D.
Honorary Senior Lecturer, Queen Mary University of Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School;
London; Consultant Cardiologist, St. Bartholomew’s Director, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Program,
Hospital, London, United Kingdom Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Catheter Mapping Techniques Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia with Heart Disease;
Ventricular Fibrillation
Mark H. Schoenfeld, M.D., F.A.C.C.
Gordon Tomaselli, M.D.
Clinical Professor of Medicine, Yale University School of
Medicine; Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Professor of Medicine and Molecular Medicine,
Pacemaker Laboratory, Hospital of Saint Raphael, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Attending,
New Haven, Connecticut Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Pacemaker Insertion, Revision, Extraction, and Follow-up Molecular and Cellular Basis of Cardiac Electrophysiology
Peter J. Schwartz, M.D. Paul Touboul, M.D.
Professor and Chairman, Department of Cardiology, Professor of Cardiology, University of Lyon, Faculty of
University of Pavia School of Medicine; Chief, Medicine; Head, Cardiovascular Section, Hoˆpital
Coronary Care Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Cardiovasculaire Louis Pradel, Lyon, France
Pavia, Italy Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
The Long QT Syndrome
Jeffrey A. Towbin, M.D.
David Schwartzman, M.D.
Professor of Pediatrics, Molecular and Human Genetics,
Associate Professor of Medicine–Cardiac Electrophysiology, Baylor College of Medicine; Chief, Pediatric Cardiology,
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Director, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston,Texas
Atriology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center– Genetics and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Jacques Turgeon, Ph.D., B.Pharm.
Imaging Techniques in Interventional Electrophysiology
Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universite´de Montre´al,
Dipen Shah, M.D.
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Associate Physician, Cardiology Service, Canton Hospital of Principles of Clinical Pharmacology
the University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Gioia Turitto, M.D.
Curative Catheter Ablation for Supraventricular Tachycardia:
Techniques and Indications Associate Professor of Medicine, SUNYDownstate
Medical Center College of Medicine; Director,
Sanjay Sharma, M.D., M.R.C.P.
Coronary Care Unit and Cardiac Electrophysiology
Honorary Clinical Lecturer, University Hospital Lewisham; Laboratory, University Hospital of Brooklyn, Brooklyn,
Consultant Cardiologist, University Hospital Lewisham, New York
London, United Kingdom Arrhythmias and Electrolyte Disorders
Evaluation and Management of Arrhythmias in Athletes
George F. Van Hare, M.D.
Bramah N. Singh, M.D., D.Phil., D.Sc.
Professor of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of
Professor of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine Medicine, Stanford; Director, Pediatric Arrhythmia Center
at UCLA; Staff Cardiologist, VA Greater Los Angeles at UCSF and Stanford–UCSF Children’s Hospital,
Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California San Francisco, and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital,
Antiarrhythmic Drugs Palo Alto, California
Arrhythmias Associated with Congenital Heart Disease
Kaori Shinagawa, M.D., Ph.D.
Mattes Vatta, Ph.D.
Instructor in Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine;
Cardiologist, Eiju-Sogo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine;
Atrial Tachycardia, Flutter, and Fibrillation Pediatric Cardiologist, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston,
Texas
Allan C. Skanes, M.D., F.R.C.P.C. Genetics and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, University
Victoria L. Vetter, M.D.
of Western Ontario Faculty of Medicine; Director of
Electrophysiology Laboratory, Arrhythmia Service, Professor of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania
Division of Cardiology, London Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Cardiology,
London, Ontario, Canada The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia,
Asymptomatic ECG Abnormalities Pennsylvania
Evaluation and Management of Arrhythmias in a Pediatric
Jasbir Sra, M.D. Population
Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Wisconsin
Galen Wagner, M.D.
Medical School—Milwaukee Clinical Campus; Attending,
St. Luke’s/Aurora Sinai Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Associate Professor, Duke University School of Medicine,
Wisconsin Durham, North Carolina
Ventricular Tachycardia Basic Electrocardiography
Contributors xiii
Albert L. Waldo, M.D. Paul J. Wang, M.D.
Walter H. Pritchard Professor of Cardiology, Professor of Professor of Medicine, Stanford University School of
Medicine, and Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Case Medicine; Director, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service and
Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratory, Stanford Hospital
Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Program, University and Clinics, Stanford, California
Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio Principles of Catheter Ablation
Interpretation of Clinical Trials: How Mortality Trials Relate to
Wojciech Zareba, M.D., Ph.D.
the Therapy of Atrial Fibrillation
Associate Professor of Medicine (Cardiology), University of
Bruce Walker, M.B.B.S., Ph.D.
Rochester Medical School, Rochester, New York
Lecturer in Medicine, University of New South Wales Faculty Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia
of Medicine; Visiting Medical Officer, Department of
Cardiology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Asymptomatic ECG Abnormalities
Mariah L. Walker, Ph.D.
Visiting Scientist, Heart and Vascular Research Center,
MetroHealth Campus, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, Ohio
Ventricular Fibrillation