Electronic Democracy in Europe: Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting PDF
Preview Electronic Democracy in Europe: Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting
Ralf Lindner · Georg Aichholzer Leonhard Hennen Editors Electronic Democracy in Europe Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting Electronic Democracy in Europe ThiSisaFMBlankPage Ralf Lindner (cid:129) Georg Aichholzer (cid:129) Leonhard Hennen Editors Electronic Democracy in Europe Prospects and Challenges of E-Publics, E-Participation and E-Voting Editors RalfLindner GeorgAichholzer FraunhoferInstituteforSystems InstituteofTechnologyAssessment(ITA), andInnovationResearch(ISI) AustrianAcademyofSciences Karlsruhe Vienna Germany Austria LeonhardHennen ITAS,c/oHelmholtz-Gemeinschaft KarlsruherInstituteofTechnology(KIT) Bonn Germany ISBN978-3-319-27417-1 ISBN978-3-319-27419-5 (eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-27419-5 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016934041 SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon #SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Acknowledgements This book had its origin in a research project commissioned and funded by the ScienceandTechnologyOptionsAssessmentUnit(STOA)oftheEuropeanParlia- ment. We would like to, first and foremost, thank the STOA Panel, the STOA Bureau and the STOA Secretariat for initiating and accompanying the underlying research project including the organisation of two workshops at the European Parliament. OurthanksalsogotothemembersoftheEuropeanParliamentwhoparticipated intheseworkshopsandcontributedtothediscussions. We are also indebted to all the experts and colleagues who contributed to the workshopsattheEuropeanParliamentasspeakers,commentatorsanddiscussants, in particular to Ru¨diger Grimm (University of Koblenz), Barbara Simons (ITsecurityexpert,formerlyIBMResearch),PeterPurgathofer(ViennaUniversity of Technology), Alexander Prosser (Vienna University of Economics and Busi- ness), Anne-Marie Oostveen (University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute), SusanneCaarls(CouncilofEurope,Strasbourg),StijnSmismans(CardiffUniver- sity,CardiffLawSchool),SandraGonza´lez-Bail(cid:1)on(UniversityofOxford,Oxford Internet Institute, and Nuffield College), Jeremy Millard (Danish Technological Institute)andAndyWilliamson(HansardSociety,DigitalDemocracyProgramme, London). Finally, we would like to thank Barbara Fess and Johannes Gla¨ser at Springer publishing,fortheirsupportandpatiencewiththeproductionofthemanuscript. v ThiSisaFMBlankPage Abbreviations Art. Article A-SIT SecureInformationTechnologyCenter,Austria ATTAC Association pour la taxation des transactions financie`res et pourl’actioncitoyenne BHLB Bu¨rgerhaushaltBerlin-Lichtenberg BPR Bundesgesetzu¨berdiepolitischenRechte BT BritishTelecommunicationsGroup CD-ROM Compactdiscread-onlymemory CETA ComprehensiveEconomicandTradeAgreement CSO Civilsocietyorganisation DCIP DeliberativeCitizensInvolvementProjects DCLG DepartmentforCommunitiesandLocalGovernment,UK DDOS Distributeddenial-of-serviceattacks DETEC Federal Department for the Environment, Transport, Energy andCommunications,Switzerland DG Directorate-general DOS Denial-of-serviceattacks DRM Directrecordingmachine DSA DigitalSignatureAct E-activism Electronicactivism E-budgeting Electronicbudgeting EC European Commission/Commission of the European Communities E-campaigning Electroniccampaigning ECC EuropeanCitizens’Consultations ECI EuropeanCitizens’Initiative E-consultation Electronicconsultation E-deliberation Electronicdeliberation E-democracy Electronicdemocracy EESC EuropeanEconomicandSocialCommittee E-legislation Electroniclegislation EP EuropeanParliament E-participation Electronicparticipation vii viii Abbreviations E-petition Electronicpetition EPSU EuropeanFederationofPublicServiceUnions E-public Electronicpublic ETAG EuropeanTechnologyAssessmentGroup EU EuropeanUnion EU27 EUMemberStates(1January2007–30June2013) EVA ElektroniskValgadministrasjonssystem E-voting Electronic,Internet-basedvoting FFII FoundationforaFreeInformationInfrastructure GIS Geo-informationsystems ICT Informationandcommunicationtechnology ID Identification IDEA InternationalInstituteforDemocracyandElectoralAssistance IFES InternationalFoundationofElectoralSystems IFS NorwegianInstituteforSocialResearch IPI InternetPolicyInstitute IT Informationtechnology ITA InstituteofTechnologyAssessment ITC InternationalTeledemocracyCentre KOA KiezenopAfstand MEP MemberoftheEuropeanParliament MLGRD Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development, Norway MP MemberofParliament MZES MannheimCentreforEuropeanSocialResearch NBIC Nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology and cognitivescience NEC NationalElectoralCommittee,Estonia NGO Non-governmentalorganisation NPO Non-profitorganisation OC Onlineconsultation OECD OrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment OKF OpenKnowledgeFoundation OMC Openmethodofcoordination OSCE/ODIHR OrganizationforSecurityandCooperationinEurope/ OfficeforDemocraticInstitutionsandHumanRights PB Participatorybudgeting PETI CommitteeonPetitions PIN Personalidentificationnumber POST ParliamentaryOfficeofScienceandTechnology,UK PPC PublicPetitionsCommittee PR Publicrelations RIES RijnlandInternetElectionSystem RSS RichSiteSummary SNS Socialnetworkingsite Abbreviations ix STOA ScienceandTechnologyOptionsAssessment TA Technologyassessment TAB OfficeofTechnologyAssessmentattheGermanBundestag TAN Transactionauthenticationnumber TEU TreatyonEuropeanUnion TFEU TreatyontheFunctioningoftheUnion TTIP TransatlanticTradeandInvestmentPartnership TWFY Theyworkforyou UK UnitedKingdom USA UnitesStatesofAmerica VEleS Verordnung der Bundeskanzlei u¨ber die elektronische Stimmabgabe VPR Verordnungu¨berdiepolitischenRechte WECF WomeninEuropeforaCommonFuture WWW WorldWideWeb
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