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Electron-beam apparatus and image forming apparatus PDF

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US006294876B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 6,294,876 B1 Ando et al. (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 25, 2001 (54) ELECTRON-BEAM APPARATUS AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS J. Dyke et al., “Field Emission”, Advances in Electronics (75) Inventors: Muneki Ando, Atsugi; Kenji Shino, and Electron Physics, vol. VIII, 1956, pp. 89—185. M.I. Elinson et al., “The Emission of Hot Electrons and The Yokohama, both of (JP) Field Emission of Electrons From Tin Oxide”, Radio Engi (73) Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha, Tokyo (JP) neering and Electronic Physics, Jul. 1965, pp. 1290—1296. H. Araki, “Electroforming and Electron Emission of Carbon ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Thin Films”, Journal of the Vacuum, Society of Japan, 1983, patent is extended or adjusted under 35 pp. 22—29 (With English Abstract on p. 22). U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. G. Dittmer, “Electrical Conduction and Electron Emission of Discontinuous Thin Films”, Thin Solid Films, 9, 1972, (21) Appl. No.: 09/512,362 pp. 317—328. M. HartWell, “Strong Electron Emission From Patterned (22) Filed: Feb. 24, 2000 Tin—Indium Oxide Thin Films”, IEDM, 1975, pp. 519—521. (30) Foreign Application Priority Data C.A. Spindt, “Physical Properties of Thin—Film Emission Cathodes With Molybdenum Cones”, J. Applied Physics, Feb. 24, 1999 (JP) ............................................... .. 11-047125 vol. 47, No. 12, Dec. 1976, pp. 5248—5263. Dec. 20, 1999 (JP) ............................................... .. 11-361254 R. Meyer, “Recent Development on ‘Microtips’ Display at LETI”, Tech. Digest of IVMC 91, 1991, pp. 6—9. (51) Int. Cl.7 ..................................................... .. G09G 3/10 C.A. Mead, “Operation of Tunnel—Emission Devices”, J our (52) US. Cl. ..................... .. 315/169.1; 315/168; 345/100; nal of Applied Physics, Apr. 1961, pp. 646—652. 345/132; 313/309 (58) Field of Search ................................... .. 315/167, 168, * cited by examiner 315/169.1, 169.2, 169.3, 169.4, 326, 334, 339, 345/74—76, 91, 92, 95, 98,87, 100, Primary Examiner—Haissa Philogene 132, 313/309, 495 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Fitzpatrick, Cella, Harper & Scinto (56) References Cited (57) ABSTRACT U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS This invention stabilizes the electron emission amount and 4,206,386 * 6/1980 Akutsu et al. .................. .. 315/1694 displays an image on the entire display screen With a 4,315,259 * 2/1982 McKee et al. .............. .. 315/1694 X luminance faithful to an original image signal, While pre 4,904,895 2/1990 Tsukamoto et a1. ............... .. 313/336 venting characteristic degradation and destruction of an 5,066,883 11/1991 Yoshioka et a1. .. 313/309 electron source. In an apparatus according to this invention, 5,157,309 10/1992 Parker et al. 315/1691 a V/I converter (108) includes n independent constant cur 5,569,974 10/1996 Morikawa et al. ..... .. 313/310 5,627,436 * 5/1997 Suzuki et al. 315/1691 rent sources in correspondence With n column-direction 5,682,085 10/1997 Suzuki et al. .. 315/1691 Wirings. Each constant current source (108) is made up of an 5,939,824 * 8/1999 Kishi et al. 313/495 operational ampli?er, transistor, and resistor. Avoltage lim 6,005,540 * 12/1999 Shinjo et al. 345/74 iting circuit (209) uses a diode A limit value setting 6,072,457 * 6/2000 Hashimoto et a1. ............... .. 345/100 circuit (110) is constituted by, e.g., a D/A converter and buffer ampli?er or a potentiometer and buffer ampli?er FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS connected to a poWer supply. A spike current absorbing 0596 242 A1 5/1994 (EP). means (211) uses a capacitor As the capacitance 0686 960A2 12/1995 (EP). increases, the Wiring voltage rise (AVs) decreases. Thus, the 64-31332 2/1989 (JP). necessary capacitance of the capacitor (C) of the spike 2-257551 10/1990 (JP). current absorbing means (211) is desirably 0.1 pF or more. 3-55738 3/1991 (JP). 4-28137 1/1992 (JP). 9-90897 4/1997 (JP). 47 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets cu r: 106 '4 spam/Ewan ABSCREJNG MEWS 1 Q’ sw 512, 513 -----SW U.S. Patent Sep. 25,2001 Sheet 1 0f 9 US 6,294,876 B1 F | G. 1 VIDEO SIGNAL 103“ l ' 104“ V TgME'mssI?s/s 105“ $55 S/H CIRCUIT /FI,G,B V V 106 f» S/P CONVERTER ounce II 1 10 A’ \,\ LIMIT VALUE SETTING 107 PULSE WIDTH MODULATOR CIRCUIT By1 By2 By3 . . . . . Byn Iim1 Iim2 Iim3 . . .. . Iimn 209 108 w V/I CONVERTER \/\ VOLTAGE LIMITING CIRCUIT . . . . . I ‘ . ‘ . _ o u Sy1 Sy2 Sy3 - Syn Tscan 102 ----- - s ‘ : Dy1 By2 Dy3 .....Dyn : 88xx12 ,YL DDxx12 ’" 101 SCANNING 5x31 Dx3 CIRCUIT Y DISPLAY PANEL i ; _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - -I U.S. Patent Sep. 25,2001 Sheet 4 0f 9 US 6,294,876 B1 FIG. 4 PRIOR ART 3(105 3})04 3001 U.S. Patent Sep. 25,2001 Sheet 5 0f 9 US 6,294,876 B1 F | G. 5 PRIOR ART e_ 3012 3014 3013 3011 //// //////// , \1/3010 U.S. Patent Sep. 25,2001 Sheet 6 6f 9 US 6,294,876 B1 FIG. 6 PRIOR ART 3023 3022 3021 3020 U.S. Patent Sep. 25,2001 Sheet 7 0f 9 US 6,294,876 B1 F | G. 7 PRIOR ART 4003 4003 4003 4003 4003 4003 4001 4002 4002 4002 U.S. Patent Sep. 25,2001 Sheet 8 0f 9 US 6,294,876 B1 PARRIOTR G|8F. U.S. Patent Sep. 25,2001 Sheet 9 0f 9 US 6,294,876 B1 F | G. 9A PRIOR ART (/7/////////////////_ 7/////////////////_ 7/////////////////_ 7/////////////////_ 7/////////////////_ 7/////////////4////_ 7/////////////////_ 1010 ZBLACK CONDUCTIVE Y FSMESELS T BNTFT HSGSmMmS ONFRNUN wwwwEuw Dn G B DH G B AULEAA RCwCOECE OERE TE mws CES m G"R.0 . WNC E T F | G. 95 PRIOR ART 1010 2 BLACK CONDUCTIVE MEMBER R : RED FLUORESCENT SUBSTANCE G : GREEN FLUORESCENT SUBSTANCE B Z BLUE FLUORESCENT SUBSTANCE

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While the response speed of the thermionic cathode is loW because thermionic cathode operates upon heating by a heater. For this reason
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