Electricity and Magnetism

164 Pages·2000·2.426 MB·English

by  Benjamin Crowell

Electricity
and
Magnetism
Benjamin Crowell
Book 4 in the Light and Matter series of introductory physics textbooks
www.lightandmatter.com

Electricity and
Magnetism
The Light and Matter series of
introductory physics textbooks:
1 Newtonian Physics
2 Conservation Laws
3 Vibrations and Waves
4 Electricity and Magnetism
5 Optics
6 The Modern Revolution in Physics
Electricity and
Magnetism
Benjamin Crowell
www.lightandmatter.com
Light and Matter
Fullerton, California
www.lightandmatter.com
© 1999-2002 by Benjamin Crowell
All rights reserved.
Edition 2.1
rev. 2002-10-30
ISBN 0-9704670-4-4
To Arnold Arons.

Brief Contents
1 Electricity and the Atom....... 15
2 The Nucleus .......................... 41
3 Circuits, Part 1 ...................... 71
4 Circuits, Part 2 ...................... 95
5 Fields of Force .................... 109
6 Electromagnetism .............. 127
Exercises ...................................................147
Solutions....................................................153
Glossary.....................................................155
Index...........................................................157
Contents 9
Contents
Preface......................................................... 13
1 Electricity and
the Atom .....................15
1.1 The Quest for the Atomic Force........... 16
1.2 Charge, Electricity and Magnetism...... 18
1.3 Atoms .................................................. 22
1.4 Quantization of Charge........................ 28
1.5 The Electron ........................................ 31
1.6 The Raisin Cookie Model of the Atom. 35
Summary...................................................... 37 3 Circuits, Part 1 .........71
Homework Problems.................................... 38
3.1 Current................................................. 72
3.2 Circuits................................................. 75
3.3 Voltage................................................. 76
3.4 Resistance........................................... 80
3.5 Current-Conducting Properties of Materi-
als........................................................... 87
3.6(cid:242) Applications of Calculus ..................... 90
Summary...................................................... 91
Homework Problems.................................... 92
2 The Nucleus .............41
2.1 Radioactivity ........................................ 41
2.2 The Planetary Model of the Atom ........ 45
2.3 Atomic Number.................................... 48
2.4 The Structure of Nuclei........................ 52
2.5 The Strong Nuclear Force, Alpha Decay
and Fission............................................. 56
2.6 The Weak Nuclear Force; Beta Decay 58
2.7 Fusion.................................................. 61
2.8 Nuclear Energy and Binding Energies. 62
4 Circuits, Part 2 .........95
2.9 Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation 65
2.10* The Creation of the Elements .......... 67 4.1 Schematics.......................................... 96
Summary...................................................... 69 4.2 Parallel Resistances and the Junction
Homework Problems.................................... 70 Rule........................................................ 97
4.3 Series Resistances............................ 101
Summary.................................................... 105
Homework Problems.................................. 106
10 Contents