Electricity 2: Devices, Circuits and Materials

167 Pages·2009·2.055 MB·English

by  Thomas S. Kubala

ELECTRICITY 2
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E L E C T R I C I T Y
2
DEVICES,
CIRCUITS, AND
MATERIALS
NINTH EDITION
THOMAS KUBALA
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
Electricity 2: Devices, Circuits, and © 2009Delmar, Cengage Learning
Materials, Ninth Edition
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
Thomas Kubala
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Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 XX 11 10 09 08
CONTENTS
PREFACE / vii
1
ALTERNATING-CURRENT PRINCIPLES / 1
2
INDUCTANCE AND INDUCTIVE REACTANCE / 11
3
CAPACITANCE AND CAPACITIVE REACTANCE / 19
4
SERIES CIRCUIT: RESISTANCE AND INDUCTANCE / 29
5
SERIES CIRCUIT: RESISTANCE AND CAPACITANCE / 37
6
SERIES CIRCUIT: RESISTANCE, INDUCTANCE, AND CAPACITANCE / 45
7
AC PARALLEL CIRCUITS CONTAINING INDUCTANCE / 55
8
AC PARALLEL CIRCUITS CONTAINING INDUCTANCE
AND CAPACITANCE / 63
9
AC POWER, POWER FACTOR, AND POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION / 73
v
vi Contents
10
SUMMARY REVIEW OF UNITS 1–9 / 85
11
INSTALLATION OF SINGLE-PHASE, THREE-WIRE
ENTRANCE FOR ASINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENCE / 91
12
INSTALLATION OF ASINGLE-PHASE, THREE-WIRE
SERVICE ENTRANCE FOR AN APARTMENT BUILDING / 105
13
INSTALLATION OF ATHREE-PHASE, THREE-WIRE
SERVICE ENTRANCE / 115
14
INTRODUCTION TO FLUORESCENT LIGHTING / 125
15
INSTALLATION OF FLUORESCENT LIGHTING / 133
16
SUMMARY REVIEW OF UNITS 11–15 / 145
APPENDIX / 149
GLOSSARY / 151
INDEX / 153
PREFACE
The ninth edition of ELECTRICITY 2 has been updated to reflect current materials and tech-
niques in electrical applications, while maintaining the features that have made the text so popular
through previous editions. Summary statements are found at the end of each unit, and several new
problems have been included in the Achievement Review sections.
ELECTRICITY 2 helps the student achieve a basic understanding of the characteristics of
alternating-current circuits and the devices contained in the circuits. The knowledge obtained by a
study of this text permits the student to progress to further study. It should be realized that both the
development of the subject of electricity and the study of the subject are continuing processes. The
electrical industry constantly introduces new and improved devices and materials, which in turn often
lead to changes in installation techniques. Electrical codes undergo periodic revisions to upgrade
safety and quality in electrical installations.
The text is easy to read and the topics are presented in a logical sequence. The problems pro-
vided in the text require the use of simple algebra and simple trigonometry for their solutions. The
student is advised that electron movement (from negative to positive) is used in this text to define cur-
rent direction.
Eachunitbeginswithobjectivestoalertstudentstothelearningthatisexpectedasaresultofstudy-
ingtheunit.AnAchievementReviewattheendofeachunittestsstudentunderstandingtodetermineif
theobjectiveshavebeenmet.Followingselectedgroupsofunits(Units1–9and11–15),aSummary
Review unit contains additional questions and problems to test student comprehension of a block of
information.Thiscombinationofreviewsisessentialtothelearningprocessrequiredbythistext.
All students of electricity will find this text useful, especially those in electrical apprenticeship
programs, trade and technical schools, and various occupational programs.
®
The most recent edition of the National Electrical Code (published by the National Fire
Protection Association [NFPA]) should be available for reference as the student uses ELECTRICITY 2.
Applicable state and local regulations should also be consulted when executing actual installations.
Features of the ninth edition include
• Summary statements in all units
• Up-to-date content reflecting current methods and materials of the trade
®
• Currency with the most recent edition of the National Electrical Code
• Detailed problem solutions in most units
• Achievement Reviews that reinforce concepts
• Practical problems to test student learning
• Numerous new problems for student practice
Instructor’s Guides for ELECTRICITY 1 through ELECTRICITY 4 are available. The guides
include the answers to the Achievement Reviews and Summary Reviews for each text and additional
test questions covering the content of each text. Instructors can use these questions to devise tests to
evaluate student learning.
vii
viii Preface
ABOUTTHE AUTHOR
Dr.ThomasKubalareceivedanAASdegreeinElectricalTechnologyfromBroomeCommunity
College,Binghamton,NewYork;aBSdegreeinElectricalEngineeringfromtheRochesterInstituteof
Technology,Rochester,NewYork;andanMSdegreeinVocational-TechnicalEducationfromtheState
UniversityofNewYorkatOswego,NewYork.HeearnedhisdoctoraldegreefromtheUniversityof
Maryland,CollegePark,Maryland.
Dr. Kubala has served as a full-time faculty member at two community colleges and a depart-
ment head supervising a vocational-technical program. In addition to his extensive background in
technological education, Dr. Kubala has industrial experience with responsibilities in the fields of
aerodynamics, electrical drafting, electrical circuit design, equipment testing, and systems evaluation.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The revision of ELECTRICITY 2 was based on information and recommendations submitted by the
following instructors:
Phillip Serina, Kaplan Career Institute, Brooklyn, Ohio
Silas Qualls, Mountain Empire Community College, Big Stone Gap, Virginia
ELECTRICAL TRADES
The Delmar series of instructional material for the electrical trades includes the texts, text
workbooks, and related information workbooks listed below. Each text features basic theory with
practical applications and student involvement in hands-on activities.
ELECTRICITY 1 ELECTRICALWIRING—
ELECTRICITY 2 RESIDENTIAL
ELECTRICITY 3 ELECTRICALWIRING—
ELECTRICITY 4 COMMERCIAL
ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL ELECTRICALWIRING—
ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL INDUSTRIAL
LABORATORY MANUAL PRACTICALPROBLEMS
INDUSTRIALMOTOR CURRENT IN MATHEMATICS
ALTERNATING CURRENT FOR ELECTRICIANS
FUNDAMENTALS
Equations based on Ohm’s law.
E E = IR
E
I =
R
I R
E
R =
I
P P = IE
P
I =
E
I E
P
E =
I
NOTE: In this text, E is used to denote a voltage source, and Vis used for a voltage drop.
ix