Table Of Content

NELSON Based on the 2012 Canadian Electrical Code® E L E C T R I C AL WIRING i i Sixth Canadian Edition MULLIN BRANCH GEROLIMON TODD TRINEER ELECTRICAL Sixth Canadian Edition WIRING: RESIDENTIAL Ray C. Mullin Tony Branch Sandy F. Gerolimon Bill Todd Craig Trineer NELSON E D U C A T I ON NELSON E D U C A T I ON Electrical Wiring: Residential, Sixth Canadian Edition by Ray C. Mullin, Tony Branch, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Bill Todd, and Craig Trineer Vice President. Editorial Photo Researcher Design Director: Higher Education: and Permissions Coordinator: Ken Phipps Anne Williams Natalie Barrington Managing Designer: Publisher: Senior Content Production Franca Amore Paul Fam Manager: Cover Design: Natalia Denesiuk Harris Executive Editor: Liz Harasymczuk Jackie Wood Production Service: Cover Image: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Marketing Manager: © Pegaz / Alamy Alexis Hood Copy Editor and Proofreader: Compositor: June Trusty Technical Reviewer: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Jack Martin Indexen Printer: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Developmental Editor: RR Donnelley Katherine Goodes Manufacturing Manager: Joanne McNeil COPYRIGHT © 2013. 2010 by ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of Library and Archives Canada Nelson Education Ltd. this work covered by the copyright Cataloguing in Publication Data herein may be reproduced, Adapted from Electrical Wiring: transcribed, or used in any form or Electrical wiring : residential / Residential, 17th Edition, by Ray by any means—graphic, electronic, Ray C. Mullin ... [et al.). — 6th C. Mullin and Phil Simmons, or mechanical, including Canadian ed. published by Delmar, Cengage photocopying, recording, taping, Learning. Copyright © 2012 by Web distribution, or information "Based on the 2012 edition of the Delmar, Cengage Learning. storage and retrieval systems— Canadian Electrical Code". without the written permission of Includes index. Printed and bound in the United the publisher. First edition by Ray C. Mullin, States of America James I Fraser. 1 2 3 4 15 14 13 12 For permission to use material ISBN 978-0-17-650381-9 For more information contact from this text or product, submit 1. Electric wiring, Interior. all requests online at Nelson Education Ltd., 2. Dwellings—Electric equipment. www.cengage.com/permissions. 1120 Birchmount Road, Toronto, I. Mullin, RayC. Further questions about Ontario, M1K 5G4. Or you can visit permissions can be emailed to TK3285.M84 2012 621.319'24 our Internet site at http://www.nelson.com [email protected] C2012-903819-9 Every effort has been made to ISBN-13: 978-0-17-650381-9 trace ownership of all copyrighted ISBN-10: 0-17-650381-1 material and to secure permission from copyright holders. In the event of any question arising as to the use of any material, we will be pleased to make the necessary corrections in future printings. Notice to the Reader The reader is expressly warned to The publisher makes no Publisher does not warrant or consider and adopt all safety representations or warranties of guarantee any of the products precautions that might be any kind, including but not limited described herein or perform any indicated by the activities to, the warranties of fitness for independent analysis in described herein and to avoid all particular purpose or connection with any product potential hazards. By following merchantability, nor are any such information contained herein. the instructions contained herein, representations implied with Publisher does not assume, and the reader willingly assumes all respect to the material set forth expressly disclaims, any obligation risks in connection with such herein, and the publisher shall not to obtain and include information instructions. be liable for any special, other than that provided to it by consequential or exemplary the manufacturer. damages resulting, in whole or in part, from the reader's use of, or reliance upon, this material. Introduction xi Preface xii Acknowledgments xv Unit 1 GENERAL INFORMATION FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS 1 Objectives 1 Safety 1 Codes and Standards 1 Personnel Safety 3 Testing and Accreditation 3 Electrical Inspection 5 Units of Measure 5 Review 7 Unit 2 DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS 9 Objectives 9 Technical Drawings 9 Visualizing a Building 10 Building Views 11 Symbols and Notations 11 Dimensions 18 Scale 18 The Working Drawings 19 Specifications 20 Review 21 Unit 3 SERVICE ENTRANCE CALCULATIONS 24 Objectives 24 Size of Service Entrance Conductors and Service Disconnecting Means 24 Service Calculations for a Single-Family Dwelling, Rule 8-200: Calculating Floor Area 25 Service Calculations for Apartments 30 Review 32 iii iv Contents NEL Unit 4 SERVICE ENTRANCE EQUIPMENT 34 Objectives 34 Overhead Service 35 Mast-Type Service Entrance 36 Underground Service 38 Main Service Disconnect Location 38 Service Entrance Conduit Sizing 45 Meter 46 Grounding—Why Ground? 48 Grounding Electrode Systems 48 Grounding the Service When Non-Metallic Water Pipe Is Used 50 Summary—Service Entrance Equipment Grounding 50 Bonding 52 Multiple Meter Installations 54 Branch-Circuit Overcurrent Protection 56 Interrupting Ratings for Fuses and Circuit Breakers 59 Panels and Load Centres 61 Reading the Meter 64 Cost of Using Electrical Energy 64 Review 66 Unit 5 ELECTRICAL OUTLETS 72 Objectives 72 Electrical Outlets 72 Lighting Fixtures and Outlets 73 Switches 76 Junction Boxes and Switch (Device) Boxes (Rules 12-3000 to 12-3034) 76 Non-Metallic Outlet and Device Boxes 79 Ganged Switch (Device) Boxes 79 Boxes for Conduit Wiring 84 Special-Purpose Outlets 86 Number of Conductors in a Box 87 Selecting a Box When All Conductors Are the Same Size 88 Selecting a Box When Conductors Are Different Sizes (Rule 12-303414]) 90 Box Fill 91 Locating Outlets 92 Positioning Receptacles 92 Bonding 95 Review 95 UNIT 6 DETERMINING THE NUMBER AND LOCATION OF LIGHTING AND RECEPTACLE BRANCH CIRCUITS 99 Objectives 99 Lighting 99 Receptacles 99 Basics of Wire Sizing and Loading 100 Voltage 103 Lighting Branch Circuits 104 NEL Contents v Receptacle Branch Circuits 106 Preparing a Lighting and Receptacle Layout 107 Review 110 Unit 7 CONDUCTOR SIZES AND TYPES, WIRING METHODS, WIRE CONNECTIONS, VOLTAGE DROP, NEUTRAL SIZING FOR SERVICES 112 Objectives 112 Conductors 112 Voltage Drop 118 Approximate Conductor Size Relationship 121 Calculation of Maximum Length of Cable Run Using Table D3 121 Non-Metallic-Sheathed Cable (Rules 12-500 to 12-526) 123 Armoured Cable (Rules 12-600 to 12-618) 126 Installing Cables through Wood and Metal Framing Members (Rule 12-516) 129 Installation of Cable in Attics 130 Installation of Cables through Ducts 132 Connectors for Installing Non-Metallic-Sheathed and Armoured Cable 132 Electrical Metallic Tubing (Rule 12-1400), Rigid Metal Conduit (Rule 12-1000), and Rigid PVC Conduit (Rules 12-1100 to 12-1122) 133 Rigid PVC Conduit (Rules 12-1100 to 12-1122) 134 Flexible Connections (Rules 12-1000 and 12-1300) 138 Flexible Metal Conduit (Rules 12-1002 to 12-1014) 138 Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit (Rules 12-1300 to 12-1306) 141 Liquidtight Flexible Non-Metallic Conduit (Rules 12-1300 to 12-1306) 142 Review 142 Unit 8 SWITCH CONTROL OF LIGHTING CIRCUITS, RECEPTACLE BONDING, AND INDUCTION HEATING RESULTING FROM UNUSUAL SWITCH CONNECTIONS 146 Objectives 146 Conductor Identification (Rule 4-036) 146 Toggle Switches (Rules 14-500 to 14-514) 149 Bonding at Receptacles 155 Nonbonding-Type Receptacles 158 Induction Heating 159 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles 160 Review 162 Unit 9 GROUND-FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTERS, ARC-FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTERS, TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SURGE SUPPRESSORS, AND ISOLATED GROUND RECEPTACLES 165 Objectives 165 Electrical Hazards 165 Code Requirements for Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) 166 Precautions for Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters 169 Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter in Residence Circuits 170 Feedthrough Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter 171 vi Contents NEL Identification, Testing, and Recording of GFCI Receptacles 172 Replacing Existing Receptacles 173 Ground-Fault Protection For Construction Sites 176 Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCIs) 176 Transient Voltage Surge Suppression (TVSS) 178 Isolated Ground Receptacle 180 Review 181 Unit 10 LIGHTING FIXTURES AND BALLASTS 185 Objectives 185 Types of Lighting Fixtures 185 CEC Requirements for Installing Recessed Fixtures 187 Ballast Protection 191 Lighting Fixture Voltage Limitations 191 Review 194 Unit 11 BRANCH CIRCUITS FOR THE BEDROOMS, STUDY, AND HALL 195 Objectives 195 Grouping Outlets 195 Cable Runs 196 Estimating Loads for Outlets 197 Symbols 199 Drawing the Wiring Diagram of a Lighting Circuit 199 Lighting Branch-Circuit Al 8 for Front Bedroom and Study 201 Branch-Circuit A24 Outside Receptacle 201 Determining the Wall Box Size 202 Bonding of Wall Boxes 203 Positioning of Split-Circuit Receptacles 203 Positioning of Receptacles Near Electric Baseboard Heating 203 Fixtures in Clothes Closets 204 Lighting Branch-Circuit A14 for Master Bedroom 204 Sliding Glass Doors 204 Selection of Boxes 204 Lighting Circuit for Study and Main Bathroom 205 Valance Lighting 207 Paddle Fans 208 Review 272 Unit 12 BRANCH CIRCUITS FOR THE LIVING ROOM AND FRONT ENTRY 216 Objectives 216 Lighting Circuit Overview 216 Track Lighting 218 Dimmer Controls 219 Incandescent Lamp Load Inrush Currents 223 Dimming Fluorescent Lamps 223 Branch Circuit for Front Entry, Porch 225 Review 229 NEL Contents vii Unit 13 BRANCH CIRCUITS FOR BATHROOMS 233 Objectives 233 General Comments on Lamps and Colour 236 Lighting Fixtures in Bathrooms 237 Hallway Lighting 237 Receptacle Outlets in Hallways 237 Bonding Requirements for a Bathroom Circuit 237 Bathroom Ceiling Heater Circuits ® ®j 239 K Hydromassage Tub Circuit® 241 A Review 242 Unit 14 LIGHTING BRANCH CIRCUIT AND SMALL APPLIANCE CIRCUITS FOR THE KITCHEN 245 Objectives 245 Lighting Circuit B7 245 Kitchen Lighting 245 Small Appliance and Branch Circuits for Convenience Receptacles in Kitchen 249 Split-Circuit Receptacles and Multiwire Circuits 252 General Bonding Considerations 253 Review 253 Unit 15 SPECIAL-PURPOSE OUTLETS FOR RANGES, COUNTER-MOUNTED COOKING UNITS ® , WALL-MOUNTED OVENS ® FOOD WASTE G p DISPOSALS ® , AND DISHWASHERS ®, 258 H Objectives 258 Counter-Mounted Cooking Unit Circuit ® 259 G Temperature Control 260 Wall-Mounted Oven Circuit® 261 F Branch-Circuit Requirements for Ranges, Ovens, and Countertop Cooking Units 262 Freestanding Range 262 Branch Circuits Supplying Separate Built-in Cooking Units 263 Food Waste Disposal ® 263 H Bonding Requirements 266 Dishwasher®, 266 Portable Dishwashers 267 Cord Connection of Fixed Appliances 267 Review 267 Unit 16 BRANCH CIRCUITS FOR THE LAUNDRY, WASHROOM, AND ATTIC 272 Objectives 272 Dryer Circuit ® 272 D Receptacle Outlets—Laundry 275 Lighting Circuit 275 Humidity Control 276 Attic Lighting and Pilot Light Switches 277 Attic Exhaust Fan Circuit ® 279 L Review 283 viii Contents NEL Unit 17 ELECTRIC HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING 287 Objectives 287 General Discussion 287 Types of Electric Heating Systems 288 Separate Circuit Required 288 Control of Electric Heating Systems 288 Circuit Requirements for Baseboard Units 290 Location of Electric Baseboard Heaters in Relation to Receptacle Outlets 291 Circuit Requirements for Electric Furnaces 292 Heat Pumps 294 Bonding 294 Marking the Conductors of Cables 294 Room Air Conditioners 294 Receptacles for Air Conditioners 295 Central Heating and Air Conditioning 295 Special Terminology 295 Loads Not Used Simultaneously 297 Review 298 Unit 18 OIL AND GAS HEATING SYSTEMS 302 Objectives 302 Principles of Operation 302 Major Components 302 Self-Generating (Millivolt) System 308 Supply Circuit Wiring 309 Control Circuit Wiring 309 Review 314 Unit 19 RECREATION ROOM 316 Objectives 316 Recreation Room Lighting 316 Receptacles and Wet Bar 318 Review 323 Unit 20 BRANCH CIRCUITS FOR WORKSHOP AND UTILITY AREA 327 Objectives 327 Workshop 327 Workbench Lighting 327 Receptacle Outlets 327 Cable Installation in Basements 329 Multioutlet Assembly 329 Empty Conduits 330 Utility Room 330 Water Pump Circuit ® 330 B Jet Pump Operation 331 Submersible Pump 333 Water Heater Circuit ® 334 c NEL Contents ix Heating Elements 336 Speed of Recovery 337 Scalding From Hot Water 337 What about Washing Dishes? 338 Sequence of Operation 338 Metering and Sequence of Operation 340 Water Heater Load Demand 341 Effect of Voltage Variation 342 Review 342 Unit 21 HEAT AND SMOKE DETECTORS, CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTORS, AND SECURITY SYSTEMS 349 Objectives 349 The Importance of Heat and Smoke Detectors 349 Types of Smoke Detectors 350 Installation Requirements 351 Manufacturers' Requirements 352 Combination Direct/Battery/Feedthrough Detectors 354 Carbon Monoxide Detectors 354 Security Systems 354 Review 357 Unit 22 SWIMMING POOLS, SPAS, AND HOT TUBS 359 Objectives 359 Pool Wiring {Section 68) 359 Electrical Hazards 359 C£C-Defined Pools 361 Grounding and Bonding of Swimming Pools 361 Lighting Fixtures Under Water 364 Electric Heating of Swimming Pool Decks 364 Spas and Hot Tubs {Rules 68-400 to 68^08) 365 Hydromassage Bathtubs {Subsection 68-300) 366 Fountains 367 Summary 367 Review 367 Unit 23 TELEVISION, TELEPHONE, DATA, AND HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEMS 371 Objectives 371 Television TV 371 Satellite Antennas 374 CEC Rules for Installing Antennas and Lead-in Wires {Section 54) 375 Telephone Wiring A {Section 60) 377 Data Systems 381 ELVTIA 568A & 568B Standard 385 Home Automation 385 Review 387