Eicosanoids and the Gastrointestinal Tract PDF
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Eicosanoids and the Gastrointestinal Tract ADVANCES IN EICOSANOID RESEARCH Series Editor Keith Hillier Eicosanoids and Reproduction Edited by Keith Hillier Eicosanoids in the Gastrointestinal Tract Edited by Keith Hillier Eicosanoids in Inflammatory Conditions of the Lung, Skin and Joints Edited by Martin Church and Clive Robinson Eicosanoids in the Cardiovascular and Renal Systems Edited by Perry Halushka and Dale Mais ADVANCES IN EICOSANOID RESEARCH Series Editor Keith Hillier Eicosanoids and the Gastrointestinal Tract Edited by Keith Hillier Senior Lecturer Clinical Pharmacology Group Medical Faculty University of5()ufhGmpfGfl UK ~ .MTP PRESS LI.MITED ~. ~ amemberofthe KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP ,_ LANCASTER / BOSTON / THE HAGUEJDORDRECHT ~ 0-0 Published in the UK and Europe by MTP Press Limited FalconHouse Lancaster, England British Library Cataloguing in PublicationData Eicosanoids and the gastrointestinal tract. 1. Man. Gastrointestinal tract. Effects ofeicosanoids I. Hillier, Keith, 1943- 616.3'3 ISBN-13:978-94-010-7069-0 e-ISBN-13:978-94-009-1281-6 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-1281-6 Published in the USA by MTP Press A division ofKluwer Academic Publishers 101 Philip Drive Norwell. MA 02061, USA Library ofCongress Cataloging in Publication Data Eicosanoids and the gastrointestinal tract/edited by Keith Hillier. p. cm.-(Advances in eicosanoid research) Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Gastrointestinal system-Pathophysiology. 2. Arachidonic acid Derivatives-Physiological effect. I. Hillier, K. (Keith), 1943- II. Series. III. Series: Advances in eicosanoid research series. [DNLM: 1. Eicosanoic Acids-pharmacology. 2. Gastrointestinal System-drug effects. QU 90 E3452] RC802.9.E33 1987 616.3'3-dc19 DNLM/DLC 88-1129 for Library ofCongress CIP Copyright © 1988 MTP Press Limited Softcoverreprintofthehardcover 1stedition 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in aretrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording orotherwise, without prior permission from the publishers. Typeset by Lasertext, Longford Trading Estate, Thomas Street, Stretford, Manchester Contents List of Contributors vii Series editor's foreword ix Preface x 1 The role of eicosanoids in inflammatory bowel disease D. Ligumsky and K. Rachmilewitz 1 2 Laboratory methods for studying the role of eicosanoids in inflammatory bowel disease N. K. Boughton-Smith and B. ]. R. Whittle 12 3 Clinical uses of prostaglandins in peptic ulcer disease 5. ]. Konturek 46 4 Animal models for studying the role of eicosanoids in peptic ulcer disease 5. Szabo and C. H. Cho 75 5 Protection against mucosal damage: mechanism of action of eicosanoids A. Robert 103 6 Interplay between anti-inflammatory drugs and eicosanoids in gastro-intestinal damage K. D. Rainsford 111 7 Alkaline secretion by the stomach and intestine: effects of eicosanoids and anti-inflammatory drugs A. Aly and G. Flemstrom 129 8 Eicosanoids and gastrointestinal motility P. K. Moore 145 9 Effect of eicosanoids on gastrointestinal blood flow and microcirculation G. Pihan and 5. Szabo 163 v EICOSANOIDS AND THE GASTROINTESTINALTRACT 10 The gastroduodenal mucus barrier and the place of eicosanoids A. Allen, A. Garner, A. C. Hunter and]. P. Keogh 195 Index 215 vi List of contributors A. Allen JPKeogh DepartmentofPhysiological Science Department ofPhysiological Science University ofNewcastle University ofNewcastle Framlington Place Framlington Place Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH UK UK A.Aly SJKonturek Department ofMedicine Institute ofPhysiology Division ofGastroenterology Academy ofMedicine Karolinska Hospital ul. Grzegorzecka 16 PO Box 60500 31-531 Krakow S-104 01 Stockholm Poland Sweden M Ligumsky N K Boughton-Smith Department ofGastroenterology Department ofMediator Pharmacology Hadassah University Hospital Wellcome Research Laboratories PO Box 12000 Beckenham Jerusalem 91120 Kent BR3 3BS Israel UK P KMoore CHCho Department ofPharmacology Department ofPathology King's College Brigham & Womens' Hospital University of London Harvard Medical School Manresa Road 75 Francis Street London SW3 6LX Boston, MA 02115 UK USA G Pihan G Flemstrom Department ofPathology Department ofPhysiology and Medical Brigham & Womens' Hospital Biophysics Harvard Medical School Uppsala University Biomedical Centre 75 Francis Street PO Box 572 Boston, MA 02115 S-751 23 Uppsala USA Sweden D Rachmilewitz A Gamer Department ofGastroenterology Biosciences Department Hadassah University Hospital ICI Pharmaceuticals Division PO Box 12000 Macclesfield SKI0 4TG Jerusalem 91120 UK Israel A CHunter K D Rainsford Department ofPhysiological Science Anti-inflammatory Research Unit University ofNewcastle Strangeways Research Laboratory Framlington Place Worts Causeway Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH Cambridge CBl 4RN UK UK vii EICOSANOIDS AND THE GASTROINTESTINALTRACT A Robert BJRWhittle Diabestes & GI Diseases Research Department ofMediator Pharmacology The Upjohn Company Wellcome Research Laboratories Kalamazoo Beckenham MI 49001 Kent BR3 3BS USA UK SSzabo Department ofPathology Brigham & Womens' Hospital Harvard Medical School 75 Francis Street Boston, MA 02115 USA viii Series Editor's Foreword The original series, Advances in Prostaglandin Research, edited by Sultan M. M. Karim, was published by MTP Press in three volumes in 1975 and 1976. A glance at those books illustrates the progress that has been made since then. The thromboxanes were mentioned twice (first publication 1975) and prostacyclin not once (first publication 1976); leukotrienes were only on the horizon. The amazing generation ofresearch data in the last 10-15 years has given new, broad insights into many areas, including asthma, inflammation, renaL cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases and in reproduction, and has led in some instances to real clinical benefit. Thisseries,AdvancesinEicosanoidResearch,reflectsthecurrentunderstanding of prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes. The aim is to provide an introductory background to each topic and the most up-to-date information available. Although each book stands alone, the eicosanoids cut across many boundaries in their basic actions; selected chapters from each book in the Series will provide illuminating and productive information for all readers which will advance their education and research. In the production of this series, I must acknowledge with pleasure my collaboration with editors and authors and the patient endeavours of Dr. Michael Brewis and the staff at MTP Press. KEITH HILLIER University of Southampton England ix Preface Eicosanoids and the Gastrointestinal Tract is one of the series of books entitled Advances in Eicosanoid Research. An overview of the wealth of published literature in this area has not before been gathered together in the present form under one cover. Each area is dealt with in an extended manner by eminent authors in the field giving critical appraisals of results and problems that require solutions. The wide range of biological effects of eicosanoids in the gastrointestinal tract gives rise to particular problems of interpretation and these have been dealt with in an admirable way by the authors. The book covers the gastrointestinal clinical uses of eicosanoids but also provides quite novel reviews onlaboratoryanimalandin vitro models that havenotbeenappraised in the recent past. KEITH HILLIER x
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