EIA Appendix A

521 Pages·2014·41.3 MB·English

Environmental Impact Assessment
for Nam Ngiep 1 Hydropower Project

Updated Version - Revision 2

Appendices

May 2014

Delivering sustainable solutions in a more competitive world ERM
Appendix A

Biodiversity Baseline Assessment Report
Nam Ngiep 1 Hydropower
Project

Biodiversity Baseline Assessment Report

NAM NGIEP 1 POWER COMPANY LIMITED

May 2014

0200749
www.erm.com
The world’s leading sustainability consultancy
FINAL REPORT

NAM NGIEP 1 POWER COMPANY LIMITED

Biodiversity Baseline
Assessment Report

May 2014

Reference 0200749

For and on behalf of
ERM-Siam Co., Ltd.

Reviewed by: David Nicholson

Signed:

Position: Principal Consultant – Biodiversity Lead

Approved by: Cristina Pellegrino

Signed:

Position: IAP Partner

Date: 22 May 2014

This report has been prepared by Environmental Resources Management the
trading name of Environmental Resources Management Ltd with all
reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the Contract with the
client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking
account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client.

We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any
matters outside the scope of the above.

This report is confidential to the client and we accept no responsibility of
whatsoever nature to third parties to whom this report, or any part thereof, is
made known. Any such party relies upon the report at their own risk.
CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND 4

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 6

1.3 ADB TERMS OF REFERENCE 9

1.4 PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT 9

2 BIODIVERSITY VALUES ASSESSMENT METHODS

2.1 RELEVANT ASSESSMENT STANDARDS 11

2.1.1 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 11

2.1.2 INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION PERFORMANCE

STANDARD 6 11

2.2 REGIONAL BIODIVERSITY CONTEXT 13

2.3 INVESTIGATION AREAS 14

2.4 BASELINE BIODIVERSITY SURVEY 16

2.4.1 DIRECT BIODIVERSITY DATA SOURCES 16

2.4.2 INDIRECT BIODIVERSITY DATA SOURCES 21

3 PROJECT AREA BIODIVERSITY VALUES

3.1 OVERVIEW 26

3.2 TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY VALUES 26

3.2.1 VEGETATION 26

3.2.2 FLORA SPECIES 37

3.2.3 FAUNA SPECIES 39

3.4.1 HYDROLOGICAL FEATURES 46

3.5 ADB SPS HABITAT CATEGORIES 51

3.6 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES 71

3.6.1 HUNTING AND GATHERING 71

3.6.2 MEDICINAL PLANTS AND MATERIALS 72

3.6.3 TIMBER PRODUCTS 72

3.6.4 FISHING 72

3.6.5 CULTURAL SERVICES 73

4 CANDIDATE BIODIVERSITY OFFSET SITES

4.1 OVERVIEW 74

4.2 UPPER NAM NGIEP 76

4.2.1 OVERVIEW 76

4.2.2 VEGETATION 76

4.2.3 FLORA SPECIES 81

4.2.4 FAUNA SPECIES 82

4.3 NAM XAN 84

4.3.1 OVERVIEW 84
CONTENTS

4.3.2 FLORA 84

4.3.3 FAUNA 85

4.3.4 AQUATIC 87

4.4 HUAY NGUA PPA 89

4.4.1 OVERVIEW 89

4.4.2 VEGETATION 90

4.4.3 FLORA SPECIES 94

4.4.4 FAUNA SPECIES 95

4.5 PHOU KHAO KOUAY 97

4.5.1 OVERVIEW 97

4.5.2 VEGETATION 97

4.5.3 FLORA SPECIES 101

4.5.4 FAUNA SPECIES 101

4.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL 101

4.6.1 HUNTING AND GATHERING 103

4.6.2 FISHING 104

4.6.3 CULTURAL SERVICES 104

5 CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANT VALUES SUMMARY

5.1 PROJECT AREA 105

5.2 CANDIDATE OFFSET SITES 105

6 REFERENCES

ANNEX A ERIC FIELD SURVEY METHODS

ANNEX B TISTR FIELD SURVEY METHODS

ANNEX C SPECIES SPECIALIST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ANNEX D TARGETED PRIMATE SURVEY REPORT

ANNEX E TARGETED THREATENED SPECIES FISH SURVEY REPORTS

ANNEX F TISTR FLORA SURVEY RESULTS 2013

ANNEX G TISTR TERRESTRIAL FAUNA SURVEY RESULTS 2013

ANNEX H TISTR AQUATIC BIOTA SURVEY RESULTS 2013

ANNEX I CRITICAL HABITAT CANIDATE SPECIES PROFILES

ANNEX J SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY RESULTS
LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1.1 PROJECT COMPONENTS AND ASSESSMENT 6

TABLE 2.1 SUMMARY OF STUDY AREA 14

TABLE 2.2 CONDITION CLASS NDVI RANGE 22

TABLE 3.1 LANDCOVER WITHIN THE PROJECT AREAS 28

TABLE 3.2 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE MAIN DAM

(INUNDATION AREA)(HA) 30

TABLE 3.3 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE RE-REGULATION

DAM (HA) 31

TABLE 3.4 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE RESETTLEMENT

SITE (HA) 31

TABLE 3.5 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN ACCESS ROAD

NETWORK (HA) 32

TABLE 3.6 VEGETATION DESCRIPTIONS FROM ROAD CORRIDOR FLORA

SURVEY (PHENGSINTHAM 2013) 36

TABLE 3.7 PRIMARY FOREST TYPE AT PROJECT AREA 37

TABLE 3.8 DOMINANT FLORA SPECIES IN PROJECT AREA 38

TABLE 3.9 IUCN LISTED FLORA SPECIES RECORDED IN THE PROJECT

AREA 38

TABLE 3.10 FAUNA HABITAT IN THE SURVEYED AREAS 39

TABLE 3.11 NO. 0360/MAF RESTRICTED FAUNA SPECIES REPORTED 41

TABLE 3.12 IUCN FAUNA SPECIES REPORTED WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA 43

TABLE 3.13 TISTR AQUATIC ECOLOGY SAMPLING AREA HABITAT

CHARACTERISTICS 47

TABLE 3.14 IUCN LISTED FISH SPECIES REPORTED WITHIN THE PROJECT

AREA 50

TABLE 3.15 MIGRATORY FISH SPECIES THAT MAY OCCUR WITHIN THE

PROJECT AREA 51

TABLE 3.16 QUANTITATIVE THRESHOLDS FOR CRITICAL HABITAT

CRITERIA 1-3 53

TABLE.3.17 CANDIDATE SPECIES CRITICAL HABITAT ASSESSMENT

SUMMARY 55
TABLE 4.1 LAND COVER WITHIN THE UPPER NAM NGIEP CANDIDATE

OFFSET SITE 74

TABLE 4.2 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE UPPER NAM NGIEP

CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 75

TABLE 4.3 DOMINANT FLORA SPECIES IN VEGETATION COMMUNITIES

SIMILAR TO THE UPPER NAM NGIEP CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 79

TABLE 4.4 IUCN LISTED FLORA SPECIES RECORDED IN THE UPPER NAM

NGIEP CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 79

TABLE 4.5 IUCN FAUNA SPECIES REPORTED WITHIN THE UPPER NAM

NGIEP CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 81

TABLE 4.6 DOMINANT FLORA SPECIES IN NAM XAN CANDIDATE OFFSET

SITE 82

TABLE4.7 IUCN LISTED FLORA SPECIES RECORDED WITHIN NAM XAN

CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 83

TABLE 4.8 IUCN LISTED FAUNA SPECIES RECORDED WITHIN NAM XAN

AREA 84

TABLE 4.9 LAND COVER WITHIN THE HUAY NGUA CANDIDATE OFFSET

SITE 88

TABLE 4.10 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE HUAY NGUA

CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 88

TABLE 4.11 DOMINANT FLORA SPECIES IN HUAY NGUA CANDIDATE

OFFSET SITE 92

TABLE 4.12 IUCN LISTED FLORA SPECIES RECORDED WITHIN HUAY

NGUA CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 92

TABLE 4.13 IUCN LISTED FAUNA SPECIES RECORDED WITHIN HUAY

NGUA PPA 94

TABLE 4.14 LAND COVER WITHIN THE PKK CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 95

TABLE 4.15 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE PKK CANDIDATE

OFFSET SITE 96

TABLE 4.16 IUCN LISTED FAUNA SPECIES KNOWN WITHIN PKK

CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 99

TABLE 5.1 PROJECT AREA (FOOTPRINT) AND CANDIDATE SITE

COMPARISON OF KEY FEATURES 104
LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1.1 THE PROJECT LOCATION 5

FIGURE 1.2 THE PROJECT COMPONENTS 8

FIGURE 2.1 STUDY AREA COMPONENTS 15

FIGURE 2.2 SAMPLING LOCATIONS 25

FIGURE 3.1 LAND COVER WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA 33

FIGURE 3.2 FORESTRY CLASSIFICATION MAPPING WITHIN THE PROJECT

AREA 34

FIGURE 3.3 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA 35

FIGURE 4.1 CANDIDATE OFFSET SITES 73

FIGURE 4.2 LAND COVER WITHIN THE UPPER NAM NGIEP CANDIDATE

OFFSET SITE 76

FIGURE 4.3 FORESTRY CLASSIFICATION MAPPING WITHIN THE UPPER

NAM NGIEP CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 77

FIGURE 4.4 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE UPPER NAM NGIEP

CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 78

FIGURE 4.5 TOP: LOWER NAM XAN RIVER (DRY SEASON), UPPER NAM
XAN TRIBUTARY (WET SEASON); BOTTOM: UPPER AND

LOWER NAM XAN RIVER (WET SEASON) (TISTR 2013) 85

FIGURE 4.6 FORESTRY CLASSIFICATION MAPPING WITHIN THE NAM XAN

AREA 86

FIGURE 4.7 LAND COVER WITHIN THE HUAY NGUA CANDIDATE OFFSET

SITE 90

FIGURE 4.8 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE HUAY NGUA

CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 91

FIGURE 4.9 LAND COVER WITHIN THE PKK CANDIDATE OFFSET SITE 97

FIGURE 4.10 VEGETATION CONDITION WITHIN THE PKK CANDIDATE

OFFSET SITE 98

FIGURE 4.11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL SURVEY LOCATIONS 100
Acronyms and Abbreviations

ADB Asian Development Bank
CR Critically endangered (IUCN Red List)
DBH Diameter at breast height
DD Data deficient (IUCN Red List)
DFRM Department of Forest and Resource Management
DoF Department of Forestry
EDL Electric du Laos
EGAT Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EN Endangered (IUCN Red List)
ERIC Environmental Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University
ERM Environmental Resources Management ERM-Siam Co. Ltd.
ha hectares
IAP (Project’s) Independent Advisory Panel
IFC International Finance Corporation
IHA International Hydropower Association
IP Indigenous People
IR Involuntary Settlement
IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature
Kansai Kansai Electric Power Company Inc.
km kilometre
kV kilovolts
LC Least concern (IUCN Red List)
LHSE Lao Holding State Enterprise
LMD Lower mixed deciduous
m metre
MSL Mean Sea Level
MW Megawatt
NDVI Normalised difference vegetation index
NE Not evaluated (IUCN Red List)
NNP1 Project Nam Ngiep 1 Hydropower Project
NNP1PC Nam Ngiep 1 Power Company
NPA National Protected Area
NT Near threatened (IUCN Red List)
NUL National University of Lao
PAFO Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Office of Bolikhamxay
PDR People’s Democratic Republic
PKK Phou Khao Kouay
PPA Provincial Preserved Area
PS6 Performance Standard 6 (IFC)
SPS Safeguard Policy Statement
TISTR Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research
ToR Terms of Reference
UMD Upper mixed deciduous
VU Vulnerable (IUCN Red List)
WWF Worldwide Fund for Nature