Egypt’s Strategy to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals and Agenda 2030: Researchers' Contributions: SDGs Viewed Through the Lens of Egypt’s Strategy and Researchers’ Views PDF
Preview Egypt’s Strategy to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals and Agenda 2030: Researchers' Contributions: SDGs Viewed Through the Lens of Egypt’s Strategy and Researchers’ Views
SDG: 9 Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure El-Sayed E. Omran Abdelazim M. Negm Editors Egypt’s Strategy to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals and Agenda 2030: Researchers’ Contributions SDGs Viewed Through the Lens of Egypt’s Strategy and Researchers’ Views Sustainable Development Goals Series The Sustainable Development Goals Series is Springer Nature’s inaugural cross-imprint book series that addresses and supports the United Nations’ seventeenSustainableDevelopmentGoals.Theseriesfosterscomprehensive research focused on these global targets and endeavours to address some of society’s greatest grand challenges. The SDGs are inherently multidisci- plinary, and they bring people working across different fields together and workingtowardsacommongoal.Inthisspirit,theSustainableDevelopment Goals series is the first at Springer Nature to publish books under both the Springer and Palgrave Macmillan imprints, bringing the strengths of our imprints together. The Sustainable Development Goals Series is organized into eighteen subseries: one subseries based around each of the seventeen respective Sustainable Development Goals, and an eighteenth subseries, “Connecting theGoals,”whichservesasahomeforvolumesaddressingmultiplegoalsor studying the SDGs as a whole. Each subseries is guided by an expert Subseries Advisor with years or decades of experience studying and addressing core components of their respective Goal. The SDG Series has a remit as broad as the SDGs themselves, and contributions are welcome from scientists, academics, policymakers, and researchers working in fields related to any of the seventeen goals. If you are interested in contributing a monograph or curated volume to the series, please contact the Publishers: Zachary Romano [Springer; zachary.romano@springer. com]andRachaelBallard[PalgraveMacmillan;[email protected]]. El-Sayed E. Omran (cid:129) Abdelazim M. Negm Editors ’ Egypt s Strategy to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals and Agenda 2030: ’ Researchers Contributions SDGs Viewed Through the Lens ’ ’ of Egypt s Strategy and Researchers Views 123 Editors El-Sayed E. Omran Abdelazim M.Negm Soil andWater Department Water andWater Structures Faculty of Agriculture Engineering Department SuezCanal University Zagazig University Ismailia, Egypt Zagazig,Egypt ISSN 2523-3084 ISSN 2523-3092 (electronic) Sustainable Development GoalsSeries ISBN978-3-031-10675-0 ISBN978-3-031-10676-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10676-7 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringer NatureSwitzerlandAG2022 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinany otherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation, computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthors,andtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationin thisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material containedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremains neutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland “ ’ Preface to Egypt s Strategy to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals ” and Agenda 2030 With the completion of this preface, a long journey that began in 2019 has come to a close. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a topic that is increasinglygarneringtheworld’sattention,wastheimpetusforwritingthis book.TheSDGsareessentiallymultidisciplinaryinnature,bringingtogether professionalsfromvariousareastoworktowardacommonobjective.Atthe United Nations in 2015, country representatives agreed on 17 goals, 169 targets, and nearly 230 indicators. However, in most countries, poor data availabilitymakesitdifficulttomeasureprogresstowardachievingthe2030 Agenda and assesses the impact of policy instruments on the SDGs. Before we get into our book, it is worth noting that Egypt’s government has taken a proactive approach to implement the 2030 Agenda. Egypt’s strategy for addressing the agenda, dubbed “Egypt’s Vision 2030,” was unveiled in March 2015. The 2030 Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS) emphasizes the importance of several sectors for Egypt’s long-term developmentandestablishesrulesandguidelinesforachievingthecountry’s developmentalobjectives.TheEgyptiangovernmentisfocusedonachieving socialjustice,innovation,economicdevelopment,andahealthyenvironment inordertoimproveEgypt’squalityoflifeby2030,withanemphasisonthe economic, social, and environmental elements. Though 2030, the deadline for implementing the United Nations’ Sus- tainable Development Goals (SDGs) may appear far away, it is not. The Egyptian government was one of 22 Member States that demonstrated pro- gressinachievingtheSDGsattheHigh-levelPoliticalForum(HLPF)inJuly 2016. The HLPF encourages Member States to contribute equally to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda; in addition, the forum provides guid- ance and suggestions on the 2030 Agenda’s implementation and follow-up, as well as addressing new and emerging concerns connected to the SDGs. The current study adds to this body of work by providing an analytical framework that can help the Egyptian government priorities the many goals and targets set forth in the 2030 Agenda. The Sustainable Development Agenda 2030 present an excellent oppor- tunitytoplaceEgypt’sdevelopmentonamorefavorablepathforitspeople’s future.ItgivesamosthopefulpotentialforthepeopleofAfrica,especiallyits youngmenandwomen,andtheirpricelessculturalandnaturalenvironment, torevivecenturiesofsuccess,leadership,andstewardshipinthisareaofthe world,whichwasthecradleofhumancivilization.Understandingtheissues andpoolingenoughnational,regional,andglobalresourcestomeetthem,as v vi Prefaceto“Egypt’sStrategytoMeettheSustainableDevelopment… wellasofferingcomfortagainstrisksandopenlyaddressingthem,willbethe mosteffectivemethodtoensuresustainablegrowthandensurethatnooneis left behind. This book currently highlights and focuses on the latest knowledge and information accessible to advance strategy connected to Egypt’s long-term growth. The goal of this publication is to aid Egypt’s plan for achieving the SustainableDevelopmentGoalsandAgenda2030.Thecreationofthisbook began with the identification and invitation of lead authors to write chapters to aid Egypt’s strategy for addressing and solving challenges from the per- spective of each of the SDGs. The book’s 17 main chapters largely corre- spond to 13 SDGs plus one chapter for the introduction and one chapter for theconclusionsandrecommendations.Outofthe12chapters,3aredevoted to renewable energies due to its importance and positive impact on the environment. The last chapter highlights the book’s most important con- clusions and suggestions. It also identifies fundamental obstacles to Egypt’s approachformeetingtheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsandAgenda2030, as well as cautious future hopes. All presented materials are the authors contributionsandnecessarilyrepresentthegovernmentalpointofview.Now, the reader can begin his/her adventure from wherever, depending on his/her interests and choices. Academics, professionals, and scientists, as well as undergraduate and graduate students, are among the readers and beneficiaries. This book is aimed at all stakeholders in the sustainable development sector, including financial institutions, user organizations, planners, designers, training insti- tutions, and research institutes. We wish it could serve as a guidebook for thoseinterestedinsustainabledevelopment.Webelievethattheinformation presented here will be of the most use to policymakers, managers, and researchers seeking a broad perspective on Egypt’s urgent climate change issues,andwehopethatthebookwillcontributetosomereal,albeitmodest, progress toward beneficial climate change management. Advances in this book would not have been possible without the tremendous efforts of all of the authors, and we are confident that their contributionswilladdtothebook’srelevance.Itwouldnothavebeenableto develop this book and make it a reality without their patience and effort in writing and revising the numerous editions to fulfill Springer’s high-quality requirements. All thanks and gratitude must go to all members of the Springer team who worked long and hard to make this book a reality for academics,graduatestudents,andscientistsallacrosstheworld.Wewantto expressourgratitudetoalloftheprofessionalswhoparticipatedinthebook chapter review processes. We are hoping it is been extensively read. If we wish to prevent prior misconceptions, we need to take a different approach and start relying on scientists’ knowledge. That opportunity did not exist a decade ago. It is now the appropriate time. Ismailia, Egypt El-Sayed E. Omran Zagazig, Egypt Abdelazim M. Negm April 2022 Acknowledgements Thesecondeditorishappytoacknowledgethatthisbookisoriginatedfrom the idea of the project that was supported by Science, Technology, and InnovationFundingAuthority(STIFA)ofEgypt,GrantNo.(30771)andthe British Council (BC) of UK, Grant No. (332435306) through the project titled “A Novel Standalone Solar-Driven Agriculture Greenhouse- Desalination System: That Grows its Energy and Irrigation Water” via the Newton-Mosharafafundingscheme,calls4,whichsupportedseveral SDGs. Last but not least, the editors are eager to gather audiences feedback and comments in order to improve future editions. vii Contents Introduction to “Insights into Egypt’s Strategy to Meet the SustainableDevelopmentGoalsandAgenda2030:Researchers’ Contributions”.... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 1 El-Sayed E. Omran and Abdelazim M. Negm Overviewofthe Poverty,FoodSecurityandNutritionSituation in Egypt. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 11 Mona A. Outhman and El-Sayed E. Omran Long-Term Control of Desertification: Is Organic Farming Superior to Conventional? Soil and Established Arid Cultivation Practices at SEKEM, Egypt .... .... .... ..... .... 27 Lorenz Huebner The Effect of COVID-19 on the Egyptian Education System and the Role of Digitalization. .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 43 Marwa Biltagy CultureandPrinciplesofEquityandGenderEqualityasaBasis of Holistic Sustainable Development at SEKEM, Egypt..... .... 59 Lorenz Huebner and Helmy Abouleish Integrated Hydrological Modeling and Geoinformatics for Harvesting and Simulating Mountain Torrents on the Area Stretching Between Port Sudan and Ras Bennas, Red Sea .. .... 73 El-Sayed E. Omran and Mohamed E. Dandrawy Resources of the Renewable Energy in Egypt.... .... ..... .... 107 Nadia M. Eshra Utilizing Renewable Energy as a Mean to Achieve SDGs ... .... 127 Raad H. S. Al-Jibouri Economic Growth, Employment and Decent Work as a Sustainable Development Policy for All. .... .... .... ..... .... 151 Harb A. E. Hasseen El-bardisy ix x Contents Proposed Guidelines for Planning of Egyptian Fishing Ports .... 165 Mahmoud Sharaan, Mona G. Ibrahim, Moheb Iskander, and Abdelazim M. Negm The Impact of Human-Induced in Mining Operations on the Increased Risk of Torrents in the Wadi Allaqi Basin. .... 191 Mohamed E. Dandrawy and El-Sayed E. Omran Climate Considerations in the Planning and Sustainability of Egyptian Cities . .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 207 El-Sayed E. Omran, Islam M. Gaber, and Tarek M. Elkashef EducationforSustainableDevelopment,BestPracticesTowards Fulfilling Egypt’s Vision 2030. .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 239 Nehal L. Khalil Life Under Lake Nasser: Water Quality as Means to Achieving the Egypt’s Agenda 2030 .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 249 El-Sayed E. Omran and Samir A. Elawah Soil–Water Properties for Reduce Land Degradation Along the High Dam Lake, Egypt... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 261 El-Sayed E. Omran, Mamdouh Hamzawy, and Mohamed A. Hammad Update, Conclusions, and Recommendations to “Egypt’s Strategy to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals and Agenda 2030”. .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 295 El-Sayed E. Omran and Abdelazim M. Negm
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