Educational Equality, Second Edition (Key Debates in Educational Policy) PDF
Preview Educational Equality, Second Edition (Key Debates in Educational Policy)
Educational Equality Also available in the Key Debates in Educational Policy series Teaching Thinking Skills 2nd edition, Stephen Johnson and Harvey Siegel, edited by Christopher Winch Special Educational Needs, Mary Warnock and Brahm Norwich, edited by Lorella Terzi Educational Equality Harry Brighouse, Kenneth R. Howe and James Tooley Edited by Graham Haydon Key Debates in Educational Policy Continuum International Publishing Group The Tower Building 80 Maiden Lane 11 York Road Suite 704 London SE1 7NX New York, NY 10038 www.continuumbooks.com © Graham Haydon; © Part 1, Harry Brighouse; © Part 2 Kenneth R. Howe; © Part 3 James Tooley 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Graham Haydon, Harry Brighouse, Kenneth R. Howe and James Tooley have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Authors of this work. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-1-4411-8483-2 (paperback) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Educational equality / edited by Graham Haydon. p. cm. –(Key debates in educational policy) ISBN 978–1-4411–8483-2 (pbk.) 1. Educational equalization--United States. 2. Educational equalization--Great Britain. 3. Equality--United States. 4. Equality-- Great Britain. I. Haydon, Graham. II. Title. III. Series. LC213.2.E385 2010 379.2'6--dc22 2009044097 Typeset by Newgen Imaging Systems Pvt Ltd., Chennai, India Printed and bound in Great Britain by the MPG Books Group Contents Series Editor’s Preface – Key Debates in Educational Policy ix Christopher Winch Introduction 1 Graham Haydon Why discuss educational equality now? 1 The structure of this volume 6 Meritocracy 7 The benefi t of the least advantaged 9 Notes 12 References 13 1 Educational Equality and School Reform 15 Harry Brighouse Introduction 15 How the education systems contribute to educational inequality 17 What is educational equality and why does it matter? 26 Howmuch does educational equality matter? 32 Moving towards educational equality 44 Concluding comments 65 Notes 66 References 68 vi Contents 2 Educational Equality in the Shadow of the Reagan Era 71 Kenneth R. Howe Introduction 71 How education systems contribute to inequality 72 What is educational equality and why does it matter? 74 Howmuch does educational equality matter? 77 Moving towards educational equality 84 Concluding comments 90 Notes 91 References 93 3 Moving from Educational Equality to Improving the Education of the Least Advantaged 96 James Tooley Introduction 96 What is educational equality and why is it desirable? 98 Middle-class families as barriers to educational equality 101 The illegitimate self-indulgence of parental partiality 103 The virtues of choice 106 The permissiveness of legitimate parental partiality 120 Conclusions 126 Notes 128 References 128 vii Contents Afterword 130 Graham Haydon Meritocracy revisited 131 Values as motivating factors in individual behaviour 134 Revisiting the benefi t of the least advantaged 137 The voice of equality in the conversation of citizens 139 Notes 141 References 141 Index 143 This page intentionally left blank Series Editor’s Preface – Key Debates in Educational Policy Christopher Winch IMPACT pamphlets were launched in 1999 as an initiative of the Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain. Their aim was to bring philosophical perspectives to bear on UK education policy and they have been written by leading general philosophers or philosophers of education. At the time of writing, 18 have been published. They deal with a variety of issues relating to policy within the field of education. Some have focused on controversial aspects of current government policy such as those by Andrew Davis on assessment, Harry Brighouse on disparities in secondary education, Mary Warnock on changes in provision for pupils with special educational needs and Colin Richards on school inspection. Others, such as those by Michael Luntley on performance-related pay and by Christopher Winch on vocational education and training, have been critical of new policy initiatives. Yet others have been concerned with the organization and content of the school curriculum. These have included pamphlets by Kevin Williams on the teaching of foreign languages, Steve Bramall and John White on Curriculum 2000, David Archard on sex education, Stephen Johnson on thinking skills, Graham Haydon on personal, social and health education, and John Gingell on the visual arts. The launch of each pamphlet has been accompanied by a sym- posium for policy makers and others at which issues raised in the pamphlets have been further explored. These have been attended
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