Educating Incarcerated Youth This page intentionally left blank Educating Incarcerated Youth Exploring the Impact of Relationships, Expectations, Resources and Accountability Lynette N. Tannis Education Consultant, USA © Lynette N. Tannis 2014 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author(s) has/have asserted his/her/their right(s) to be identified as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries ISBN: 978–1–137–45101–9 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Tannis, Lynette. Educating incarcerated youth : exploring the impact of relationships, expectations, resources and accountability / by Lynette Tannis, Education Consultant, USA. pages cm Summary: “What happens to school age children when they become incarcerated? Although juvenile justice courts were established in the US more than one hundred years ago, there has been very little research on the provision and quality of education programs in juvenile justice facilities. This book is the first to provide an inside look on the perspectives and practices of juvenile justice principals and teachers. Exploring a range of educational facilities in the US, Tannis argues that educational programmes c haracterized by strong relationships, high expectations, appropriate resources and an effective accountability system equate to the strongest possible learning environments for incarcerated youth. The book seeks to identify the support structures in place for j uvenile justice educators and examine the quality of educational and vocational programmes in confined settings, to reveal the best ways in which to provide for incarcerated young people and prepare them for their transition back into society”— Provided by publisher. ISBN 978–1–137–45101–9 (hardback) 1. Juvenile delinquents—Education—United States. 2. Juvenile delinquents— Rehabilitation—United States. I. Title. HV9081.T36 2014 365'.66608350973—dc23 2014026277 This book is dedicated to my mom and dad, who instilled a love for God and a passion for education. Your sacrifices and persistence helped ensure that I received a high-quality education and heightened my desire to ensure that all children—free or incarcerated—are exposed to a high-quality educational program every day. This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Tables and Figure ix Preface x Acknowledgments xv 1 Introduction 1 2 Contextual Setting 11 3 Greta Olive Juvenile Justice Academy 23 Introduction 23 Principal Alexander 25 Kyle 40 Mae 49 David 55 Discussion 62 4 Hubert B. Juvenile Justice Residential Facility 66 Introduction 66 Principal Patrick 69 Mary 86 Karen 95 Susan 102 Discussion 109 5 Gladys C. Juvenile Justice Academy 116 Introduction 116 Principal Rae 119 Vicki 137 Donna 146 Discussion 155 6 Philip I. Juvenile Justice Residential Center 162 Introduction 162 Principal Richard 165 James 172 Israel 180 Juanita 186 Discussion 195 viii Contents 7 Cross-Facility Discussion 202 8 Implications and Conclusion 222 Notes 229 Bibliography 244 Index 253 List of Tables and Figure Tables 1 Demographic data for four Florida juvenile justice residential facilities 5 2 Greta Olive Juvenile Justice Academy participants 24 3 Hubert B. Juvenile Justice Residential Facility participants 68 4 Gladys C. Juvenile Justice Academy participants 118 5 Philip I. Juvenile Justice Residential Center participants 164 6 Comparative chart of observed factors affecting the quality of education provided for the incarcerated youth at four Florida juvenile justice residential facilities 219 Figure 1 Four major themes that affect the quality of education provided for incarcerated youth in four Florida juvenile justice residential facilities 226