Educating Difficult Adolescents: Effective Education for Children in Public Care or With Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (Quaility Matters in Children's Services) PDF
Preview Educating Difficult Adolescents: Effective Education for Children in Public Care or With Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (Quaility Matters in Children's Services)
Educating Difficult Adolescents QualityMattersinChildren’sServices SeriesEditor:MikeStein ConsultantEditor:CarolineThomas The provision of high quality children’s services matters to those who use and provide children’sservices.Thisimportantseriesistheresultofanextensivegovernment-funded researchinitiativeintotheQualityProtectsprogrammewhichaimedtoimproveoutcomes forvulnerable children, as well as transformthemanagement and deliveryof children’s services.Focussingoncurrentchallengesinmakingeverychildmatter,titlesintheseries areessentialreadingforallthoseworkinginthefield. MikeSteinisaresearchprofessorintheSocialWorkResearchandDevelopmentUnit at the University of York. He has researched the problems and challenges faced by vulnerablechildrenandyoungpeoplefor25yearsandcontributedtothedevelopmentof policyandpracticeintheUKandinternationally.Heactedasanacademicadvisertothe Quality Protects research initiative. Caroline Thomas is Senior Research Fellow at the Department of Applied Social Science, University of Stirling, UK. She is an academic advisertotheDepartmentforChildren,SchoolsandFamilies. inthesameseries ChildProtection,DomesticViolenceandParentalSubstanceMisuse FamilyExperiencesandEffectivePractice HedyCleaver,DonNicholson,SukeyTarrandDeborahCleaver ISBN9781843105824 ThePursuitofPermanence AStudyoftheEnglishChildCareSystem IanSinclair,ClaireBaker,JennyLeeandIanGibbs ISBN9781843105954 KinshipCare FosteringEffectiveFamilyandFriendsPlacements ElaineFarmerandSueMoyers ForewordbyBrigidDaniel ISBN9781843106319 bythesameauthor Children’sHomesRevisited DavidBerridgeandIsabelleBrodie ISBN9781853025655 Quality Matters in Children’s Services Educating Difficult Adolescents Effective Education for Children in Public Care or with Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (cid:2) David Berridge (cid:2) Cherilyn Dance (cid:2) Jennifer Beecham (cid:2) Sarah Field Jessica Kingsley Publishers London and Philadelphia Firstpublishedin2008 byJessicaKingsleyPublishers 116PentonvilleRoad LondonN19JB,UK and 400MarketStreet,Suite400 Philadelphia,PA19106,USA www.jkp.com Copyright©DavidBerridge,CherilynDance,JenniferBeechamandSarahField2008 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedinanymaterialform (includingphotocopyingorstoringitinanymediumbyelectronicmeansandwhetheror nottransientlyorincidentallytosomeotheruseofthispublication)withoutthewritten permissionofthecopyrightownerexceptinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988orunderthetermsofalicenceissuedbythe CopyrightLicensingAgencyLtd,SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Applicationsforthecopyrightowner’swrittenpermissiontoreproduceanypartofthis publicationshouldbeaddressedtothepublisher. Warning:Thedoingofanunauthorisedactinrelationtoacopyrightworkmayresultin bothacivilclaimfordamagesandcriminalprosecution. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Educating difficult adolescents : effective education for children in public care or with emotionalandbehaviouraldifficulties/DavidBerridge...[etal.]. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferences. ISBN978-1-84310-681-4(pb:alk.paper) 1. Teenagerswithsocialdisabilities-- Education--GreatBritain.2. Teenagers--Institutionalcare--GreatBritain.3. Fosterchildren-- Education--GreatBritain. I.Berridge,David. LC4096.G7E252009 371.940941--dc22 2008014728 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData ACIPcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN9781843106814 ISBNpdfeBook9781846428500 PrintedandboundinGreatBritainby AthenaeumPress,Gateshead,TyneandWear Contents LISTOFFIGURES,TABLES,BOXESANDCASESTUDIES 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 11 1 Introduction 13 2 TheLocalContext 31 3 YoungPeople’sBackgroundExperiences 54 4 PlacementsandStability 70 5 Qualityof Care 88 6 Outcomes 101 7 Education 129 8 SupportServicesandSupportCosts 150 9 Conclusion 173 APPENDIX:METHODOLOGICALDETAILS 187 REFERENCES 209 SUBJECTINDEX 214 AUTHORINDEX 221 ListofFigures,Tables,BoxesandCaseStudies Figure2.1 Percentageof school-agedpupilslookedafterformorethana yearwithaStatementof SpecialEducationalNeeds,2000–2004 34 Figure2.2 Percentageof school-agedpupilslookedafterformorethan ayearmissing25daysof schoolingintheprevious12months, 2000–2004 34 Figure2.3 Percentageof KeyStage4pupilslookedafterformorethan ayearobtainingatleastoneGCSEorGNVQ,2000–2004 36 Figure2.4 Percentageof KeyStage4pupilslookedafterformorethan ayearobtainingatleastfiveGCSEsatgradesA*–G,2000–2004 36 Figure3.1 Incidenceof familyhistoryrisksforlocalauthorityand residentialBESDschoolsgroups 57 Figure3.2 Factorsinfluencingthedecisiontoplaceoreducateyoung peopleawayfromhome 59 Figure4.1 Durationof currentplacementatStage1 78 Figure4.2 Patternsofplacementchange,accordingtotypeof placement atStage1 81 Figure5.1 The‘QualityofCare’Index 91 Figure6.1 FrequencyandseverityofspecificproblemsatStage1 104 Figure6.2 Changeinyoungpeople’sproblemsoverthefollow-upperiod 112 Figure6.3 Ratingsof satisfactionwithsixareasof life,accordingtoyoung peopleatStage2(n=75) 126 Figure7.1 Youngpeople’sviewsatStage1abouthowwelltheireducation isgoing 137 Figure7.2 Youngpeople’sviewsatStage2abouthowwelltheireducation isprogressing 147 Figure8.1 Distributionof costsforaccidentandemergency(A&E)visits 161 Figure8.2 Totalcostsof supportoverninemonths 168 FigureA.1 Numberof problemsatscreening,bysourceof referral 196 FigureA.2 Numberof adolescentsforwhomdatawasavailable ateachpoint 197 Table1.1 ComparativeGCSEorGNVQresultsofYear11pupilswho werelookedafterformorethanayearandallpupilsin England2002–2006 15 Table2.1 Statisticalinformationonchildreninneedandlookedafter childrenintheCounty,MetroandBoroughauthoritiesin2003 32 Table3.1 Samplecharacteristics 55 Table3.2 Familystructureof youngpeople,accordingtosourceof referral 56 Table3.3 Primaryreasonsforentrytocareorresidentialeducation 61 Table3.4 Legalarrangementsunderwhichyoungpeoplewereplacedaway fromhome 61 Table3.5 Durationawayfromhome,accordingtosourceof referral 62 Table3.6 Patternsofseparationorboardingforlocalauthorityand residentialBESDschoolsgroups 63 Table3.7 Frequencyof previousplacementsawayfromhomeforlocal authorityandresidentialBESDschoolsgroups 64 Table3.8 Frequencyof in-andout-of-areacareoreducationalplacements, accordingtosourceof referral 65 Table3.9 Distanceofcareoreducationalplacementfrombirthfamily, accordingtosourceof referral 66 Table3.10 Levelof contactwithbirthfamily,accordingtosourceof referral 67 Table4.1 Numbersof youngpeople,accordingtotypeof placement atStage1 70 Table4.2 Typeof placementprovider,accordingtocategoryof careor boardingplacement 71 Table4.3 Characteristicsofyoungpeopleresidentindifferentsettings 75 Table4.4 Reasonforplacementchangeandnumberof changes 79 Table4.5 SettingatStage2,accordingtosettingatStage1 85 Table4.6 Consistencyof carepackagetypeoverthefollow-upperiod 86 Table5.1 Youngpeople’sresponsesto‘QualityofCare’questionsat Stage2(n=75) 93 Table5.2 Summaryof youngpeople’sresponsesatStage2tosubsections of the‘QualityofCare’Index(n=75) 98 Table5.3 ‘QualityofCare’researcherrating(%)(n=75) 99 Table6.1 Frequencyof specifictypesof behaviourproblemsatStage1, accordingtoyoungpeople’scharacteristics 106 Table6.2 FrequenciesforSDQsubscalesandtotalscalesforStage1 andStage2 117 Table6.3 Correlationsbetweenyoungpeople’sandcarers’scoreswithin eachscaleof theSDQatStages1and2 118 Table6.4 PatternsofconsistencyandchangeinSDQgroupsbetween Stage1andStage2,accordingtoyoungpeople’sreports 120 Table7.1 Typeof educationreceivedatStage1 130 Table7.2 SpecialeducationalneedsatStage1 132 Table7.3 SpecialeducationalneedsbycaresettingatStage1 133 Table7.4 Currentschoolexperience,Stage1 134 Table7.5 StudysupportatStage1 135 Table7.6 Changesinschoolingoreducationalpackageduringthe follow-upperiod,bycaresetting(s) 141 Table7.7 Reasons,givenbycarersorprofessionals,forchangesin schoolingoreducationalpackageduringthefollow-upperiod, bycaresetting(s) 143 Table7.8 Carers’orprofessionals’viewsoftheimpactof educational changesduringfollow-up,bycaresetting(s) 143 Table7.9 Carers’orprofessionals’viewsofchangesinyoungpeople’s educationalattainmentduringthenine-monthfollow-up, bycaresetting(s) 144 Table7.10 Carers’orprofessionals’perceptionsof changesineducational attainmentduringthefollow-upperiod,byStage2placement 148 Table8.1 Youngpeople’splacementatthestartofthestudy 152 Table8.2 Youngpeople’slocalauthorityof originatStage1 152 Table8.3 Youngpeople’scarehistoryatStage1 153 Table8.4 Useof educationservicesatStage2,byoriginalplacement 154 Table8.5 Useandcostsof servicesandsupportsoverninemonths 156 Table8.6 Costsofaccommodation,educationandothersupports, byoriginalplacementgroup 160 Table8.7 Costsofaccommodation,educationandothersupports, byoriginallocalauthority 164 Table8.8 Associationswithsummarycostvariables 166 Table8.9 AssociationswithSDQscore,qualityof careandplacement typevariables 167 Table8.10 Costfunctionanalysis 169 TableA.1 Numberof youngpeoplereferredtothestudy,according tosourceof referral 191 TableA.2 Characteristicsofthefullgroupof 242lookedafteradolescents 193 TableA.3 Proportionof youngpeopleclassifiedasdifficulttomanage, accordingtosourceof referral 195 TableA.4 Patternsofdifficulttomanagebehaviourinthepreviousthree months(n=199) 195 TableA.5 Characteristicsofyoungpeoplelookedafterbyparticipating authorities,accordingtowhetherselectedintothefinalsample 203
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