Edmund Burke and International Relations: The Commonwealth of Europe and the Crusade against the French Revolution PDF
Preview Edmund Burke and International Relations: The Commonwealth of Europe and the Crusade against the French Revolution
EDMUND BURKE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Edmund Burke and International Relations The Commonwealth of Europe and the Crusade against the French Revolution Jennifer M. Welsh Cadieux Fellow, Policy Planning StafJ Ministry 0/ Foreign Affairs, Canada M in association with St. Martin's Press Palgrave Macmillan © Jennifer M. Welsh 1995 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1995978-0-333-61214-9 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written pennission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written pemlission or in aecordanee with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the tenns of any licence pennitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Liccnsing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London WIP9HE. Any person who does any unauthoriscd act in relation to this publication may be liable to eriminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. First published in Great Britain 1995 oy MACMILLAN PRESS LT D Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world This book is published in the 5, Antony'sIMacmif!an Serie) General Editor: Alex Pravda A eatalogue reeord fOT this oook is availahle [rom the British Library. ISBN 978-1-349-39230-8 ISBN 978-0-230-37482-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230374829 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 First published in the United States of Ameriea 1995 by Seholarly and Reference Division. ST. MARTIN'S PRESS, INC .. 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 ISBN 978-0-312-12202-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Puhlication Data Welsh, Jennifer M. Edmund Burke and international relations I the commonwealth 01' Europe and the erusade against the Freneh revolution I Jcnnifcr M. Welsh. p. em. Includes bibliographieal referenees and index_ ISBN 978-0-312-12202-7 I. Burke, Edmund, 1729-1797-Views on international relations. 2. Peaee. 3. European cooperation. 4. France-History-Revolution. 1789-1 799. I. Ti tle. JX2223.B87W45 1995 320.5'2'092--<1c20 94--7204 ClP "There is no wise man in polities, with an important deeision to make, who would not do weil to refresh his mind by diseussion with Burke's mind." Harold Laski, Address at Trinity College, Dublin, March 1947 Contents Acknowledgements IX Sketch of Burke's Life Xl Introduction 1 PART I BURKE'S THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY Introduction 23 1 Constitutionalism 25 2 Medievalism 49 3 The Commonwealth of Europe 70 PART II THE CONSERVATIVE CRUSADER Introduction 89 4 Burke's Reaction to the French Revolution 93 5 Interventionism 115 6 Holy War 141 Conclusion 167 Notes and References 181 Bibliography 233 Index 242 Vll Acknowledgements This book would not have been possible without the assistance of the Rhodes Trust and the Social Science and Humanities Research Coun cil of Canada. I am especially grateful to the former for giving me the generous opportunity to study at Oxford. I would also like to thank my thesis directors, Dr Sudhir Hazaree singh and Dr Andrew Hurrel!. The latter took over as my supervisor mid-way through this project, and offered insightful and considered advice throughout. I am equally indebted to Dr Paul Langford, who eased my descent into the eighteenth century, provided helpful hints on the original sources, and kindly lent me editions of Burke's Writings and Speeches. It is through his guidance that I have started to become a historian as weIl as a political scientist. I also express my gratitude to a number of colleagues and friends who have read parts or all of this manuscript: Manjeet Ramgotra, who led me through the Skinner debate; Richard and Marianne Hanson, who detected some of my many mistakes; David Fidler, who shares my interest in Burke and who sharpened my style and presentation; Dr Iver B. Neumann, who added a "good European" perspective to Chap ter 3; Dr Ngaire Woods, who provided constant encouragement and improved my powers of persuasion; and Tim Dunne, who tirelessly read through the entire manuscript and gave indispensable comments on Wight's Three Traditions. Most importantly, I thank Anne-Sophie Andre, who has been there from the very beginning with a much needed "French angle" and a shoulder to lean on. Because, as Burke would say, we "begin our affections in our fami lies", I must also send my heartfelt thanks to my parents, who have offered unwavering and unconditional support from afar. Finally, I dedicate this book to the la te Dr lohn Vincent. It was his article on Burke and seminar series on Classical Theories that pro vided the original impetus for my project. Moreover, it was his good humour wh ich helped to sustain my interest during those dark and dreary "middle years"of thesis preparation. Those who know his work will detect his imprint in the pages that follow. My only hope is that according to lohn's standards, this book at least goes "half-way to ward a good idea". lENNIFER M. WELSH ix
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