Editorial Techniques in the Hebrew Bible: Reconstructing the Literary History of the Hebrew Bible

613 Pages·2022·5.952 MB·English

by  Reinhard Müller, Juha Pakkala

Reinhard Müller and Juha Pakkala
EDITORIAL TECHNIQUES
IN THE HEBREW BIBLE
RESOURCES FOR BIBLICAL STUDY
Editor
Hyun Chul Paul Kim, Old Testament/Hebrew Bible
Number 97
EDITORIAL TECHNIQUES
IN THE HEBREW BIBLE
Toward a Refined Literary Criticism
Reinhard Müller and Juha Pakkala
Atlanta
Copyright © 2022 by Reinhard Müller and Juha Pakkala
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2022937112
Contents
Abbreviations ....................................................................................................ix
1. Introduction ................................................................................................1
1.1. Rationale and Aims of This Book 1
1.2. Assumption of Masoretic Text Priority Untenable 4
1.3. Unevenly Distributed and Unsystematic Changes 9
1.4. Challenges to Historical Criticism 12
1.5. The Question of Reconstructability 13
1.6. Model of Transmission and Textual Fluidity 17
1.7. Oral Performances or Written Transmission? 24
1.8. The Prospects and Limits of Historical Criticism 27
1.9. Presentation of the Evidence and Technical Issues 29
2. Additions: General Introduction ...........................................................33
2.1. Additions Interpret, Correct, and Renew Texts 36
2.2. Typical Preconceptions 37
2.3. Categories of Additions 38
2.4. Uneven Distribution of Documented Additions 39
3. Additions: Single Words and Short Phrases .........................................43
3.1. Genesis 14:22 46
3.2. Genesis 31:53 51
3.3. Exodus 3:1 54
3.4. Deuteronomy 26:17 59
3.5. Joshua 1:7 63
3.6. 1 Kings 17:14 68
3.7. 1 Kings 18:18 71
3.8. 1 Kings 19:10 and 19:14 75
3.9. Ezra 10:3, 1 Esdras 8:90, and 2 Esdras 10:3 79
3.10. Epithets, Titles, Professions, and Patronyms in Jeremiah 84
vi Contents
4. Additions: Single Sentences and Expressions .......................................99
4.1. Genesis 43:28 101
4.2. Exodus 22:19 103
4.3. Deuteronomy 1:25, 35, and 39 109
4.4. Deuteronomy 17:2–5 125
4.5. Joshua 2:12 130
4.6. Joshua 4:10 133
4.7. Joshua 10:13 137
4.8. Joshua 11:19 141
4.9. Joshua 19:15, 22, 30, and 38 144
4.10. Joshua 22:25 147
4.11. 1 Samuel 31:6 150
4.12. 1 Kings 11:33–34 153
4.13. 1 Kings 11:38–39 158
4.14. 1 Kings 15:5 161
4.15. 1 Kings 15:23 165
4.16. 1 Kings 16:10 168
4.17. 1 Kings 22:28 171
4.18. 2 Kings 8:27 174
4.19. 2 Kings 16:11–12 177
4.20. Jeremiah 25:1–2 181
4.21. Jeremiah 26:20–23 185
4.22. Jeremiah 28:3 188
4.23. Jeremiah 28:14 192
4.24. Jeremiah 29:1 195
4.25. Jeremiah 32:30 198
4.26. Added Headings in the Psalms 201
4.27. Added Phrases in the Psalms 213
4.28. Nehemiah 9:6 223
5. Additions: Small Sections, Scenes, and Clusters of Connected
Sentences .................................................................................................229
5.1. Exodus 32:9–10 232
5.2. Deuteronomy 34:1–3 239
5.3. Joshua 8 247
5.4. Joshua 23:16 253
5.5. 2 Samuel 18:8–21 258
5.6. 2 Samuel 5:4–5 271
5.7. 1 Kings 16:34 276
Contents vii
5.8. Nehemiah 11:20–21 282
6. Additions: Larger Passages ....................................................................291
6.1. Jeremiah 29:16–20 293
6.2. Jeremiah 33:14–26 299
6.3. 1 Chronicles 1:8–28 307
7. Additions: Results ..................................................................................315
7.1. Additions Often Attested by Textual Evidence 315
7.2. Detectable and Undetectable Additions 316
7.3. Added Words and Short Phrases 317
7.4. Added Clauses and Full Sentences 318
7.5. Added Connected Sentences and Smaller Sections 319
7.6. Added Large Passages 321
7.7. Additions: Size, Frequency, and Theological Importance 322
7.8. Types of Additions 324
7.9. Traces of Scribal Additions 328
8. Omissions ................................................................................................331
8.1. Introduction 331
8.2. Exodus 21:18–21 344
8.3. Deuteronomy 1:8, 35 and 11:9 347
8.4. Joshua 5:14 357
8.5. 1 Samuel 4:7 360
8.6. 2 Samuel 15:8 364
8.7. Omissions: Results 367
9. Replacements ..........................................................................................371
9.1. Genesis 2:2 387
9.2. Exodus 21:28–29 391
9.3. Exodus 24:4 395
9.4. Numbers 1:47 and 2:33 399
9.5. Deuteronomy 32:8–9 404
9.6. Joshua 24:1 and 25 409
9.7. Judges 20:2 413
9.8. 1 Samuel 1:23 418
9.9. 1 Samuel 2:21 421
9.10. 1 Samuel 22:6 425
9.11. 2 Samuel 5:21 428
viii Contents
9.12. 2 Samuel 6:6–7 431
9.13. 1 Kings 11:11 435
9.14. 2 Kings 12:10 441
9.15. Psalm 72:1, 5, 7 448
9.16. Replacements: Results 457
10. Transpositions .........................................................................................465
10.1. Genesis 31:44–52 473
10.2. Genesis 47:5–6 480
10.3. Exodus 1:5 486
10.4. Leviticus 8:10–12 491
10.5. Numbers 1 and 26 495
10.6. 1 Kings 11 500
10.7. 1 Kings 11:1–3 503
10.8. 1 Kings 11:43–12:3 516
10.9. Jeremiah 28:5 (Jeremiah 35:5 LXX) 522
10.10. Transpositions: Results 524
11. General Conclusions ..............................................................................529
11.1. Documented Evidence as Key 529
11.2. Editorial Processes in the Hebrew Bible 531
11.3. Protocanonical Processes of Transmission 536
11.4. Detecting Undocumented Editorial Changes 539
11.5. Limits and Possibilities of Historical Criticism 541
11.6. Toward a Refined Literary Criticism 545
Bibliography ...................................................................................................551
Ancient Sources Index ..................................................................................575
Modern Authors Index .................................................................................595
Abbreviations
AASF Annales Academiae scientiarum fennicae
AB Anchor (Yale) Bible Commentary
AIL Ancient Israel and Its Literature
Ant. Josephus, Jewish Antiquities
ATANT Abhandlungen zur Theologie des Alten und Neuen Testa-
ments
ATD Das Alte Testament deutsch
ATSAT Arbeiten zu Text und Sprache im Alten Testament
BBB Bonner biblische Beiträge
BHQ Biblia Hebraica Quinta
BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
BJS Brown Judaic Studies
BKAT Biblischer Kommentar, Altes Testament
BSCS Brill Septuagint Commentary Series
BZABR Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für Altorientalische und Biblische
Rechtsgeschichte
BZAW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissen-
schaft
CBET Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology
CBSC Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
CC Continental Commentaries
col(s). column(s)
ConJ Concordia Journal
DCH Clines, David J. A., ed. Dictionary of Classical Hebrew. 9
vols. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 1993–2016.
DDD Toorn, Karel van der, Bob Becking, and Pieter van der
Horst, eds. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible.
2nd ed. Leiden: Brill; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999.
DJD Discoveries in the Judaean Desert
DSD Dead Sea Discoveries
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