Edg AAH 62

2016·76.3 MB·English

NEW MOON LANDING D-DAY TITANIC CHERNOBYL 9/11
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THAT CHANGED THE
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The Wall Street Crash, Chernobyl, Martin Luther King Jr’s famous
speech – there are some events in history’s infi nite stream of
moments that truly stand out as turning points. These landmarks
changed the course of politics, civil rights, countries and
continents. In short, they are the events that shaped our world.
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Imagine Publishing Ltd
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All About History Events That Changed the World © 2015 Imagine Publishing Ltd
ISBN 9781785460166
Part of the
bookazine series
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40
Contents
8 50 Events 94 The first
that changed atomic bomb

the world How the US brought the war to
an end in devastating fashion
From Ancient Greece to 9/11,
history’s gamechangers revealed
98 C uban
20 B lack death Missile Crisis

The true story of the outbreak A deadly face-off that left the
that crippled the world world on the brink of disaster 56 84
26 W ashington 108 “ I have a
How the first President of the US dream”
came to be
Martin Luther King Jr
inspires a nation to change
34 The last day
of Lincoln 116 Assassination

The assassination of an of JFK
American legend
Exploring the conspiracies
and consequences
40 S inking of
the Titanic 122 A pollo 11

Known as the unsinkable ship, lunar landing
this disaster shook the world
The day man walked on the
moon for the first time
48 What caused
the Great War? 126 Watergate 94 122

The moments that kickstarted the A scandal that led all the way to
first global conflict the White House
56 Battle for 134 Chernobyl
women’s rights Disaster strikes and radiation
spreads across a continent
How the suffragettes sacrificed
everything for the vote
140 F all of the
64 W all Street Berlin Wall

Crash Uniting a nation, a symbol of
division crumbles down
Exploring the week the
world went bust
144 M andela’s
72 H itler at war revolution
Germany’s invasion of Poland How one man helped end
starts the Second World War apartheid in South Africa
80 A ttack on 156 9 /11

Pearl Harbor America comes under attack, and
the War on Terror begins
An audacious attempt to cripple
the American naval fleet
158 A ssassinating
84 D -Day Bin Laden
A look at the operation that The long hunt for America’s most
changed the course of the war wanted man comes to an end
6
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140
Contents
34 98
144
7
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Events That Changed The World
50
EVENTS
THAT CHANGED THE
WORLD
Ancient Greece to 9/11 – history’s gamechangers revealed
8
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50 events that changed the world
20 JULY 1969
ONE GIANT LEAP FOR MANKIND
The fi rst Moon landing
There was no way the United States was going to lose the Finally, on 16 July 1969 – within John F Kennedy’s
Space Race. Although Soviet Russia seemed one step ahead at anticipated time frame – the Apollo 11 mission launched
every turn, with Sputnik-1, Yuri Gagarin and Luna-2 – the first on board a Saturn V rocket, containing astronauts Neil
artificial satellite, the first man in space, and the first rocket Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins. It entered
to reach the Moon respectively – JFK told the American lunar orbit on 19 July, as Collins remained in the craft and
people on 25 May 1961 that the nation should “commit itself Armstrong and Aldrin descended in the Lunar module Eagle.
to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a After fears that they had overshot their landing target, they
Origins
man on the Moon, and returning him safely to the Earth.” set down on the Sea of Tranquillity. Aldrin took communion
Using Saturn rockets and veterans of Projects Mercury and while Armstrong prepared to activate the shuttle’s camera l(cid:3)R(cid:3) ussia and America obtain
German technology 1945
Gemini, the process of developing a safe rocket that could and step outside.
l(cid:3) Chuck Yeager breaks sound
make the journey and a safe return began. However, in 1967 He descended the nine rungs to the Moon’s surface and
barrier 14 October 1947
the test launch of Apollo 1 ended catastrophically on the broadcast to a captivated world the words that would echo l(cid:3)The Space Race begins 1957
launch pad when an electrical fire in the cabin caused the throughout history. “That’s one small step for [a] man…
Legacy
death of all three from asphyxiation before help could get one giant leap for mankind.” Indeed, while it would be the
Ancient Greece to 9/11 – history’s gamechangers revealed l(cid:3)Endless conspiracy theories
to them. But each successive Apollo mission flight brought American flag that was planted on the Moon, and President
l(cid:3)C(cid:3)o-operative international
them closer to their goal of the Moon, testing everything Nixon who would make a phone call to the astronauts, it was space exploration
from navigation systems, docking procedures and lunar suits. a demonstration of how far the entire human race had come. l(cid:3)Missions to explore Mars
9
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Events That Changed The World
508 BCE
DAWN OF DEMOCRACY
The fi rst democratic, people-led
government in Ancient Greece…
The Athenians certainly couldn’t Shaped by Solon, Cleisthenes and Origins
imagine life without democracy. Pericles – among others – and evolving
l(cid:3)S(cid:3)olon’s reforms mean all
Athens was one of the most prosperous over two centuries, every Athenian Athenian citizens must
of some 1,500 city-states (poleis) in citizen was expected to get involved, participate in the Ecclesia
6th-century-BCE Greece, initially though a randomly drawn, rotating (Assembly) 594 BCE
l(cid:3)C(cid:3)leisthenes introduces a
governed by an elite ruling minority. council took care of day-to-day
policy of equal rights 508 BCE
Internal unrest and costly conflict with government. Forward thinking as it
its neighbours, however, gradually was, democracy was a totally different Legacy
brought the city to its knees. Taking beast then – with women, foreigners l(cid:3)T(cid:3)he French Revolution
inspiration from rival Sparta, with its and many others not represented. sees the ruling monarchy
overthrown 1787-1799
A project initiated by Pericles in 447 BCE unusual egalitarian ethos, democracy Nevertheless it laid the foundations
l(cid:3)L(cid:3)incoln’s ‘government of the
the Parthenon is often seen as an enduring was seen as an experiment that could for what is now a cornerstone of the
people, by the people, for the
symbol of Athenian democracy
unify society. modern world. people’ speech 1863
11 SEPTEMBER 2001
THE DAY AMERICA WAS ATTACKED
The terrorist attacks of 9/11
“The sights were mind-boggling. I thought for a second a
movie was being made.”
Firefighter Mickey Kross was inside the World Trade
Center’s North Tower when it collapsed, yet even for those
of us witnessing that indelible news footage on the other
side of the world, his words resonate.
Just 46 minutes after American Airlines Flight 11 took
off in Boston, five terrorists had taken over and flown the
plane into the iconic building that would later tumble
down around Kross. It was one of four hijackings that day,
all of which hit their targets, except for one: United Flight
93’s passengers reclaimed the plane and ensured it crashed
out of harm’s way in a Pennsylvanian field.
Everyone has an opinion about what caused 9/11, but
more clear-cut are the effects. In the immediate sense, it
resulted in the deaths of 2,996 people – the most ever in a
single foreign attack on American soil. In the longer term,
it forced the hand of American foreign policy. The War on
Terror had begun.
Origins
l(cid:3)S(cid:3)oviet Union invades
Afghanistan December 1979
l(cid:3)A(cid:3) l-Qaeda (The Base) emerges,
calling on Muslims to join the
‘holy war’ 1988
l(cid:3)F(cid:3)irst World Trade Center
bomb kills six people
26 February 1993
Legacy
l(cid:3)L(cid:3)aunch of the War on Terror
l(cid:3) War in Iraq and Afghanistan
l(cid:3) Osama bin Laden is killed by
US Navy SEALs 2 May 2011
10
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