Ecophysiology of High Salinity Tolerant Plants

403 Pages·2006·6.929 MB·English

by  Barrett Gaylord, Todd P. Egan (auth.), M. Ajmal Khan, Darrell J. Weber (eds.)

ECOPHYSIOLOGYOF HIGH SALINITYTOLERANTPLANTS
Tasks for Vegetation Science 40
SERIES EDITOR
H. Lieth, University of Osnabrück, Germany
H.A. Mooney, • Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A.
For other titles published in this series, go to
www.springer.com/series/6613
Ecophysiology of High Salinity
Tolerant Plants
Edited by
M. AJMALKHAN
University of Karachi,
Pakistan
and
DARRELLJ. WEBER
Brigham Young University,
Provo, UT, U.S.A.
AC.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-1-4020-9298-5 (PB)
ISBN 978-1-4020-4017-7 (HB)
ISBN 978-1-4020-4018-4 (e-book)
Published by Springer,
P.O. Box 17, 3300 AADordrecht, The Netherlands.
www.springer.com
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
©SpringerScience + BusinessMediaB.V. 2008
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
Dedication of this volume
We wish to dedicate this volume to the many scientists who are involved in the research of
high saline tolerant plants. It is through their effort that our knowledge of the mechanisms
of saline tolerance is being understood. They are the ones who find high saline tolerant
plants and evaluate their possible value in reclamation and economic use.
Contents
Dedication v
Contributing Authors xi
Preface xv
Foreword xvii
1. How salts of sodium, potassium, and sulfate affect the germination 1
and early growth of Atriplex acanthocarpa (Chenopodiaceae)
B.GAYLORD AND T.P.EGAN
2. Halophyte seed germination 11
M.A.KHAN AND B.GUL
3. Salt tolerance of some potential forage grasses from Cholistan 31
desert of Pakistan
M.ASHRAF,M.HAMEED,M.ARSHAD, M.Y.ASHRAF AND
K.AKHTAR
4. Variability of fruit and seed-oil characteristics in Tunisian accessions 55
of the halophyte Cakile maritima (Brassicaceae)
M.A.GHARS,A.DEBEZ,A.SMAOUI, M.ZARROUK,C.GRIGNON
ANDC.ABDELLY
5. Salt tolerant plants from the great basin region of the United States 69
D.J.WEBER AND J.HANKS
6. Role of calcium in alleviating salinity effects in coastal 107
halophytes
B.GUL AND M.A.KHAN
7. Calorespirometric metabolism and growth in response to seasonal 115
changes of temperature and salt
B.N.SMITH,L.C.HARRIS,E.A.KELLER,B.GUL,M.A.KHAN
ANDL.D.HANSEN
8. Evaluation of anthocyanin contents under salinity (NaCl) stress 127
in Bellisperennis L.
R.A.KHAVARI-NEJAD,M.BUJAR AND E.ATTARAN
viii
9. A comparative study on responses of growth and solute 135
composition in halophytes Suaeda salsa andLimonium bicolor
to salinity
X.LIU,D.DUAN,W.LI,T.TADANO AND M.A.KHAN
10. Alleviation of salinity stress in the seeds of some Brassica species 145
M.ÖZTURK,S.BASLAR,Y.DOGAN AND M.S.SAKCALI
11. Saline tolerance physiology in grasses 157
K.B.MARCUM
12. Localization of potential ion transport pathways in the salt glands 173
of the halophyte Sporobolus virginicus
Y.NAIDOO AND G. NAIDOO
13. Cellular responses to salinity of two coastal halophytes with 187
different whole plant tolerance: Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) Presl.
andSporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth
X.LI,D.M.SELISKAR AND J.L.GALLAGHER
14. Eco-physiological studies on Indian desert plants: effect of 201
salt on antioxidant defense systems in Ziziphusspp.
N.SANKHLA,H.S.GEHLOT,R.CHOUDHARY,S.JOSHI
ANDR.DINESH
15. Sabkha edge vegetation of coastal and inland sabkhat in 215
Saudi Arabia
H.-J.BARTH
16. Analysis of the soil sustaining salt grass (Distichlis spicata (L.) 225
Greene) wild populations in semiarid coastal zone of Mexico
A.ESCOBAR-HERNÁNDEZ,E.TROYO-DIÉGUEZ,
J.L.GARCÍA-HERNÁNDEZ,H.HERNÁNDEZ-CONTRERAS,
B.MURILLO-AMADOR,L.FENECH-LARIOS, R.LÓPEZ-AGUILAR,
A.BELTRÁN-MORALES AND R.VALDEZ-CEPEDA
17. Comparative salt tolerance of perennial grasses 239
S.GULZAR AND M.A.KHAN
18. Commercial application of halophytic turfs for golf and 255
landscape developments utilizing hyper-saline irrigation
M.W.DEPEW AND P.H.TILLMAN
ix
19. Salt tolerance of floriculture crops 279
C.T. CARTER AND C.M. GRIEVE

20. Utilization of salt-affected soils by growing some Acacia species 289
M.Y.ASHRAF, M.U. SHIRAZI,M.ASHRAF,G. SARWAR
ANDM.A.KHAN
21. Soil remediation via salt-conduction and the hypotheses of 313
halosynthesis and photoprotection
N.P.YENSEN AND K.Y.BIEL
22. Mechanisms of cash crop halophytes to maintain yield and 345
reclaim soils in arid areas
H.-W.KOYRO, N.GEISSLER, S.HUSSIN AND B.HUCHZERMEYER
23. Halophyte uses for the twenty-first century 367
N.P.YENSEN
24.Halophyte research and development: What needs to be 397
done next?
B.BÖER
Contributing Authors
Abdelly, Chedly, INRST, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Contraintes
Abiotiques, BP 95, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
Akhtar,K., Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Arshad, M., Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, Islamia University, Bahawalpur,
Pakistan
Ashraf, M. Y., Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), P.O. Box
128, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Ashraf, M., Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040,
Pakistan
Attran,Elham, Biology Department, Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
Barth, Hans-Jörg, Dept. of Physical Geography, University of Regensburg,
Germany
Baslar,S., Dokuzeylul University, Buca-Izmir, Turkey
Beltran-Morales, A. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz,
B.C.S. México
Biel, Karl Y., Institute of Basic Biological Problems of Russian Academy of
Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region 142290, Russia
Böer, Benno, UNESCO Regional Office in the Arab States of the Gulf Doha, P. O.
Box 3945, State of Qatar
Bujar,M., Biology Department, Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
Carter,Christy, George E. Brown, Jr., U.S. Salinity Laboratory, USDA/ARS,
Grieve, Catherine M.T., George E. Brown, Jr., U. S. Salinity Laboratory,
USDA/ARS, 450 W. Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92507, USA
Choudhary,R., Botany Department, J.N. Vyas University, Jodhpur, India 342001
Debez, Almed, INRST, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Contraintes
Abiotiques, BP 95, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
DePew, M. W., Agronomist/Soil Scientist with Environmental Technical Services,
LC
Duan,Deyu, Research Center for Agricultural Resources, Institute of Genetics and
Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road,
Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P. R. China
Dinesh,R., Botany Department, J.N. Vyas University, Jodhpur, India 342001
Dogan, Y.,Dokuzeylul University, Buca-Izmir, Turkey
Egan,ToddP., Elmira College, 1 Park Place, Elmira, NY, 14901, USA
Escobar-Hernandez,A., Cibnor. La Paz, B.C.S. México
Fenech-Larios, L., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, B.C.S.
México
Gallagher, J.L., Halophyte Biotechnology Center, College of Marine Studies, 700
Pilottown Road, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware, 19958, USA
xii
Garcia-Hernandez, J.L., Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste
(CIBNOR), S.C. Mar Bermejo # 195, Col. Playa Palo Santa Rita, La Paz, B.
C. S., México CP: 23090
Gaylord,Barrett, Elmira College, 1 Park Place, Elmira, NY 14901, USA
Gehlot,H. S., Botany Department, J.N. Vyas University, Jodhpur, India 342001
Geissler, Nicole, Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen,
D-35392 Giessen, Germany
Ghars, M. A., INRST, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Contraintes
Abiotiques, BP 95, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
Grignon, Claude, B & PMP, Agro-M INRA, 34060 Montpellier CEDEX 1,
France
Gul,B.,Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
Gulzar, S., Department of Botany, Government Superior Science College, Shah
Faisal Colony, Karachi-75230, Pakistan
Hanks, Joseph, Dept. of Integrated Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo,
Utah 84602, USA
Hanson, Lee D., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young
University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
Harris, Lyneen C., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young
University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
Hernandez-Contreras, H., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz,
B.C.S. México
Huchzermeyer, Bernhard, Botany Institute, Plant Developmental Physiology and
Bioenergetics, Hannover University, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
Hussin, Sayed, Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen,
D-35392 Giessen, Germany
Joshi,S., Botany Department, J.N. Vyas University, Jodhpur, India 342001
Keller, Emily, A., Department of Plant and Animal Science, Brigham Young
University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
Khan, M. A., Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270,
Pakistan
Khan,M.Athar, Nuclear Institutes of Agriculture, Tandojam, Pakistan
Khavari-Nejad, R. A. Biology Department, Teacher Training University, Tehran,
Iran
Koyro, H ans-Werner, Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University of
Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
Li, Weiqiang, Research Center for Agricultural Resources, Institute of Genetics
and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong
Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P. R. China
Li, Xianggan, Syngenta, P.O. Box 12257, 3054 Cornwallis Road, Durham, NC
27709-2257, USA