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ECONOMICS,SEXUALITY,ANDMALESEXWORK Malesexworkgeneratessalesinexcessofonebilliondollarsannuallyinthe United States. Recent sex scandals involving prominent leaders and govern- mentshutdownsofescortwebsiteshavefocusedattentiononthisbusiness,but despitetheattentionthatcomeswhenthesescandalsbreak,weknowverylittle abouthowthemarketworks.Economics,Sexuality,andMaleSexWorkisthe firsteconomicanalysisofmalesexwork.Competition,theroleofinformation, pricingstrategies,andothereconomicfeaturesofmalesexworkareanalyzed usingthemostcomprehensivedataavailable.Sexworkisalsosocialbehavior, however,andthisbookshowshowthesocialaspectsofgaysexualityinfluence theeconomicpropertiesofthemarket.Conceptslikedesire,masculinity,and sexual stereotypes affect how sex workers compete for clients, who practices safer sex, and how sex workers present themselves to clients to differentiate themselvesfromthecompetition. TrevonD.LoganisHazelC.YoungbergTrusteesDistinguishedProfessorof EconomicsattheOhioStateUniversityandResearchAssociateattheNational Bureau of Economic Research. He has won the American Sociological Association’s Section on Sociology of Sexuality’s Best Article Award. He is a member of the Committee on the Status of Minority Groups in the EconomicsProfessionattheAmericanEconomicAssociationandamember of the Executive Board of the North American Association of Sports Economists.HeisaformerpresidentoftheNationalEconomicAssociation, wasaRobertWoodJohnsonFoundationScholarinHealthPolicyResearchat UniversityofMichigan,andformerchairoftheEconomicHistoryAssociation CommitteeonDataandArchives. Economics, Sexuality, and Male Sex Work TREVON D. LOGAN TheOhioStateUniversity OneLibertyPlaza,NewYork,NY10006,USA CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107569577 10.1017/9781316423899 ©TrevonD.Logan2017 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2017 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabySheridanBooks,Inc. AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Logan,TrevonD.(TrevonD’Marcus),author. Economics,sexuality,andmalesexwork/TrevonD.Logan, TheOhioStateUniversity. NewYork,NY:CambridgeUniversityPress,2017.|Includes bibliographicalreferencesandindex. LCCN2016032381|ISBN9781107128736 LCSH:Maleprostitutes–UnitedStates.|Maleprostitution– UnitedStates–Economicaspects. LCCHQ119.4.U6L642016|DDC306.74/3–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2016032381 ISBN978-1-107-12873-6Hardback ISBN978-1-107-56957-7Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof URLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. ForChuck,Aaron,andThe6 Contents ListofFigures pageix ListofTables xi NotetoReaders xiii Acknowledgments xv Introduction:Economics,Sexuality,andMaleSexWork 1 PARTI THEHISTORYANDECONOMICSOFMALESEXWORK 1 MaleSexWork:AntiquitytoOnline 19 2 FaceValue:HowMaleSexWorkersOvercometheProblem ofAsymmetricInformation 39 3 MarketMovers:Travel,Cities,andtheNetworkofMale SexWork 75 PARTII MALESEXWORKANDSEXUALITY 4 IllicitIntersections:TheValueofSexWorkerServices 111 5 Show,Tell,andSell:Self-PresentationinMaleSexWork 142 6 ServiceFees:Masculinity,SaferSex,andMaleSexWork 171 7 Conclusion:EveryManaSexWorker?Commercial andNoncommercialGaySexuality 204 Appendix1 DatafortheAnalysisofMaleSexWork 227 Appendix2 ASimpleSignalingModel 233 Appendix3 MeasuringtheMaleSexWorkerNetwork 244 Appendix4 EmpiricalEstimatesofEscortValuation 258 vii viii Contents Appendix5 EmpiricalEstimatesofSelf-Presentation 264 Appendix6 AModelofSexWorkerandClientNegotiation 268 Notes 279 References 295 Index 311