Economic performance of major kharif crops production in Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh ...

65 Pages·2017·1.17 MB·English

by  Akash Dubey

Economic performance of major kharif crops production in
Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh

THESIS
Submitted to the
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior
In partial fulfilment of the requirements for
the degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE
In
AGRICULTURE

(AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND FARM MANAGEMENT)

By
MUKESH ENGLA

Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior
College of Agriculture
Sehore (M.P.)
2013
CERTIFICATE-I

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF
MAJOR KHARIF CROPS PRODUCTION IN KHARGONE DISTRICT OF
MADHYA PRADESH” submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE/DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Agriculture of
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior is a record of the bonafide
research work carried out by Mr. Mukesh Engla under my guidance and supervision.
The subject of the thesis has been approved by the student‟s Advisory Committee and
the Director of Instruction.
No part of the thesis has been submitted for any other degree or diploma or has
been published. All the assistance and help received during the course of the
investigations has been acknowledged by scholar.
Signature
Place:
Date: Dr. P.K.Malviya
Chairman of the Advisory Committee
MEMBERS OF STUDENT’S ADVISORY COMMITTEE

(Chairman) Dr. P.K.Malviya ………………………...

(Member) Dr. P.S.Raghuwanshi ………………………...
(Member) Dr.S.N.Sharma ………………………...
CERTIFICATE-II

This is to certify that thesis entitled “ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF
MAJOR KHARIF CROPS PRODUCTION IN KHARGONE DISTRICT OF
MADHYA PRADESH” submitted by Mr. Mukesh Engla RAJMATA VIJAYARAJE
SCINDIA KRISHI VISHWA VIDYALAYA, GWALIOR, in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE / DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in
Agriculture in the Department of Agril. Economics and Farm Management, College
of Agriculture, Sehore has been accepted after valuation by the external examiner and
the Student‟s Advisory Committee after an Oral examination on the same.

Place: Signature
Date:
Dr. P.K. Malviya
Chairman of the Advisory Committee

MEMBER OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE

(Chairman) Dr. P.K. Malviya ………………………...

(Member) Dr. P.S. Raghuwanshi ………………………...
(Member) Dr. S.N. Sharma ………………………...

Head of the Department / Head of the Section: Dr. S.N.Soni

Director of Instructions: ………………………………………..
CONTENTS

S.NO. TITLE PAGES

1 INTRODUCTION 1-3

2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4-12

3 MATERIAL AND METHODS 13-16

4 RESULTS 17-29

5 DISCUSSION 30-34

6 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 35-40

7 BIBLIOGRAPHY 41-43

APPENDIX I i-vii

VITA
S.No Title Page.No.
Socio-economic and agrarian structure of selected farm-
4.1 18
family.
4.2 Cropping pattern on sample farm. 21
Input utilization and level of yield in different kharif crops
4.3 22
cultivation.
Cost of cultivation of various kharif crops on sample
4.4 23
holding.
4.5 Profitability of major kharif crops. 25
4.6 Comparative profitability of major kharif crops. 27
4.7 Production constraints identified by the sample farmers. 28
Suggestions to over come the constraints in production of kharif
4.8 29
crops.
List of figure

Fig. In between
Title
No pages
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
1. 36-37
age
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
2. 36-37
education
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
3. 37-38
family size
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
4. 37-38
farm experience
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
5. 38-39
operational land holding
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
6. 38-39
area under potato
Distribution of the potato growers according to their annual
7. 39-40
income
Distribution of the potato growers according to their farm
8. 39-40
mechanization
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
9. 40-41
adoption of post harvest management technology
Distribution of the potato growers according to their source
10. 40-41
of information
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
11. 41-42
extension participation
Distribution of the potato growers according to their mass
12. 41-42
media exposure
Distribution of the potato growers according to their risk
13. 42-43
bearing capacity
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
14. 42-43
economic motivation
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
15. 43-44
innovative orientation
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
16. 43-44
management orientation
17. Distribution of the potato growers according to their 44-45
scientific orientation
Distribution of the potato growers according to their
18. 44-45
knowledge about potato production technology
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Agriculture plays a dominant role in the Indian economy. From the human
civilization with the progress of agricultural practices, human are directly or indirectly
depend upon agriculture for their survival. The farming society in our country is not
homogenous in respect of social, economic and other developmental process. Apart
from the economic differentiation arising from land ownership, productivity and
application of improved production technologies, there are the socio-economic
gradations resulting from the deep rooted farming system. Agriculture is now growing on
industrial footing. The present trend of population growth is putting heavy pressure on
agricultural land, especially on the face of fact that with the growth of industries and
civilization every thing is increasing except agricultural land. The only alternative for
boosting our economy now rests with increasing productivity on what ever land is
available.
Increasing agricultural production for achieving food security for all has been the
central focus of India‟s agricultural development strategy since independence. Food
security will always remain a very sensitive issue in India as the country has the largest
concentration of poor in the world. Food security implies food as well as nutrition
security. Now, the agriculture production is not for the family livelihood but it becomes a
business motive. During the last few decades, enormous improvements have been
made in the domestic production of crops with the evaluation of commercial cultivars. A
farmer‟s aim is to maximize his returns through the optimization of the limited resources
at his disposal. It is common thing that with the adoption of improved agricultural
production technology, the profit incentive has assumed greater importance in the
production programme of the farmers. The use of various inputs in the production of
crops has brought about considerable changes in the farm output and net income.
India became self-sufficient in producing enough food grain for their population
for sufficient diet. Not only cereal crop but other agricultural products have been change
positively due to change of agricultural technologies and other marketing factors. Now
present scenario of crop production in India certainly from the seventy decades may be
called as the golden year of Indian agriculture because the hard-working farmers have
made it possible to take food grains production figure well above the target set for that
years. It is said that farmers of that time plight calls for urgent need to augment their
income for ensuring food security and alleviating poverty. On the other hand, with the
higher productivity of crops farmers do adopted diversification of agriculture towards
high-value commodities and creation of non-farm employment opportunities have help
the farmers to augment their incomes and bail them out of the vicious circle of poverty.
The emerging opportunities in the changing economic environment need to be
capitalized for the benefit of the farmers. Factors such as rising per capita income,
changing food consumption patterns, growing urbanization and globalization are
pushing up demand for high value commodities in both domestic and international
markets and are creating opportunities for farmer.
As a consequence of advance technology in agriculture, production and income
levels of the farmers have experienced a change towards higher level, depending upon
the market factor like demand and supply. The changing situation in agriculture
motivates the farmers to make decision regarding changes on their own farm.
Profitability is thus the major criterion of adoption of an enterprise and selection of crops
may be grown on their farm. Farm as a business enterprise, farmers considers all
possible aspects of an enterprise for the farm as a unit. It does not concern with merely
one profitable enterprise, but with most profitable enterprise combinations to obtain
maximum income from the farm as a whole, on continues basis, exploiting the
advantages of complementarily and supplementary in the farm enterprises. It is much
more concerned with total farm production enterprises instead of crops production. After
find out the necessity of crop production on their farm the farmers are choosing the
profitable crops before committing the available scarce recourses to any use,
particularly in various crop productions which they have to be grown on the farm. To
avoid the price risk farmers consider the alternative opportunities confronting him. This
call for the economic evaluation of various crops may be possible to grown on farm
level.
The quantitative analysis of crop production has become an important step in the
formulation of agricultural policy also. A number of empirical studies have attempted to
investigate produce responsiveness to product and input price changes, to estimate
economics of scale, to assess the relative efficiency and to measures the input output
ratio of various crops. In this respect, cost and return studies found to one of the
important aspect in the field of research in agriculture economics which is quite evident
of the fact that all systematic research in this disciple started with cost studies not only
in India but at aboard also.
The aim of this study is to examine the relative profitability of different crops
growing in a particular region on farmer‟s field. This type of study in all aspects would
have to include various costs involved in the production process in the region and cover
entire related economic aspects of production and their market price. Hence, while
taking up the study of various kharif crops producing in the region on farm level, one of
the main objectives is to compare the relative profitability of different crops growing in
the study area. Findings of the present study may help farmers to enhance profitability
from various crops production process.
With these main objectives keeping in view the study of the said problem was
undertaken. The study was carried in Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh during the
Kharif season of 2012-2013 with the following objectives:-
Objectives:
 To determine the socio economic structure of selected farm families.
 To estimate the economics of cultivation of major kharif crops.
 To compare the economic performance of major kharif crops cultivation in
study area.
 To find out the constraints in cultivation of kharif crops and suggest means
and ways to overcome the constraints.
Limitations:
The most important limitation of this study is that it pertains to the data collected for
only main kharif crops growing in one district i.e. Khargone only crop season of the
agricultural year 2012-13. Moreover, the farmers do not keep records of their farm
enterprise and provided the data on recall memory. Thus, there is possibility of certain
biases to enter in the present study. Lastly, the coverage of samples is very limited i.e.