economic analysis of major fertilizers and pesticides consumption in andhra pradesh y. latika devi

179 Pages·2016·22.98 MB·English

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MAJOR
FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES
CONSUMPTION IN ANDHRA
PRADESH

YY.. LLAATTIIKKAA DDEEVVII
M.Sc. (Ag.)

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURE
(AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS)

2015
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MAJOR
FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES
CONSUMPTION IN ANDHRA PRADESH

BY

Y. LATIKA DEVI
M.Sc. (Ag.)

THESIS SUBMITTED TO
PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURE
( )
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

CHAIRPERSON: Dr. K.SUHASINI

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
RAJENDRANAGAR HYDERABAD-500 030
PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
(FORMERLY ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY)

2015
DECLARATION
I, Y. LATIKA DEVI hereby declare that the report entitled “ECONOMIC
ANALYSIS OF MAJOR FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES CONSUMPTION
IN ANDHRA PRADESH” submitted to the “Professor Jayashankar Telangana
State Agricultural University” for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Agriculture
is the result of the original project work done by me. I also declare that no material
contained in the thesis has been published earlier in any manner.

Place: Hyderabad (Y LATIKA DEVI)
ID. No. RAD/11-15
Date:

ii
CERTIFICATE
Ms. Y. LATIKA DEVI has satisfactorily prosecuted the course of project and
that the report entitled “ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MAJOR FERTILIZERS
AND PESTICIDES CONSUMPTION IN ANDHRA PRADESH” submitted is the
result of original project work and is of sufficiently high standard to warrant its
presentation to the examination. I also certify that neither the thesis nor its part thereof
has been previously submitted by him for a degree of any University.

Date:
(Dr. K.SUHASINI)
Chairperson

iii
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MAJOR
FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES CONSUMPTION IN ANDHRA PRADESH”
submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of “DOCTOR OF
PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURE” of the Professor Jayashankar Telangana
State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, is a record of the bonafide research work
carried out by Ms. Y LATIKA DEVI under our guidance and supervision. The subject
of the thesis has been approved by the Student's Advisory Committee.
No part of the report has been submitted by the student for any other degree or
diploma. The published part and all assistance received during the course of
investigations have been duly acknowledged by the author of the thesis.

(Dr. K.Suhasini)
Chairperson of the Advisory Committee

Thesis approved by the Student Advisory Committee

Chairperson (Dr. K.SUHASINI )
Professor
Department of Agricultural Economics
College of Agriculture
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030.
Member ( Dr. N. VASUDEV)
Professor and Dean
Basic Sciences and Humanities
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030
Member (Dr. D.V. SUBBA RAO)
Professor and Head
Department of Agricultural Economics
College of Agriculture
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030
Member (Shri M.H.V. BHAVE)
Assistant Professor and Head
Department of Agricultural Statistics
College of Agriculture
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030.
External (Dr. B.M. RAMACHANDRA REDDY)
Examiner Professor
Department of Agricultural Marketing
Cooperation & Business Management
UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru- 560065

Date of final viva-voce:
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
It is by the unfathomable grace and blessing of the Almighty God that I have
been able to complete my studies successfully and bring out this humble piece of work
which I am externally indebted.
I gracefully record my profound sense of gratitude and regards to the chairman
and major advisor, DR. K.SUHASINI, Professor in the Department of Agricultural
Economics, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Professor Jayashankar Telangana
State Agricultural University, for her invaluable suggestions and meticulous and
continuous guidance throughout the period of my research work.
I deem it a proud privilege to express my highest veneration and
respectful gratitude to Members of my Advisory Committee, DR. N. VASUDEV,
Professor and Dean, Basic Sciences and Humanities, Dr.D.V SUBBA RAO, Professor
and Head Department of Agricultural Economics and SHRI M.H.V. BHAVE, Associate
Professor in the Department of Statistics and Mathematics, College of Agriculture,
Rajendranagar, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University for the
unbounded affection, cheerful assistance and encouragement during my course of study.
And my sincere thanks to Dr. D. Sridevi, Associate Professor in the Department of
Entomology for her valuable suggestions of my research work.
Sincere thanks are due to all staff members of the Department of Agricultural
Economics and staff members of Cost of Cultivation Scheme for their help, cooperation
and valuable guidance during the period of my studies.
Diction is not enough without expressing my unboundful gratitude to my
parents, my sister and brother and all relatives, for their affection, persistent
encouragement and moral support throughout my education career. They have been a
fountain of inspiration throughout my life without whose inexhaustible inspiration,
everlasting love and moral support I would not have been what I am today.
With boundless love and affection, I offer my warm thanks to my classmates
Bala and Suman, my senior Shakuntala and my junior Archana and Deep for their
delightful companionship during my studies.

Date: (Y. LATIKA DEVI)
Place: Hyderabad

v
CONTENTS
Chapter No. Title Page No.
I INTRODUCTION 1-7
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 8-40
III MATERIAL AND METHODS 41-55
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 56-153
V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 154-167

LITERATURE CITED 168-177

vi
LIST OF TABLES

Table Page
Title of the table
No. no.
Trends in consumption of fertilizer nutrients (N, P and K) in Andhra
4.1 59
Pradesh: 1981-82 to 2010-11 (000' tonnes)
Trends in per hectare consumption of fertilizer nutrients (N, P and K)
4.2
in Andhra Pradesh: 1981-82 to 2010-11. (kg ha-1) 62
4.3 District wise consumption of NPK in Andhra Pradesh (000' tonnes)
66
District wise TE average consumption of Nitrogen in Andhra Pradesh
4.4
(000'tonnes) 69
District wise TE average consumption of Phosphorus fertilizer in
4.5
Andhra Pradesh (000'tonnes) 71
District wise TE average consumption of Potash fertilizer in Andhra
4.6
Pradesh. (000'tonnes) 73
4.7 District wise per hectare consumption of NPK in Andhra Pradesh
75
4.8 District wise per hectare consumption of Nitrogen in Andhra Pradesh.
77
District wise per hectare consumption of Phosphorous in Andhra
4.9
Pradesh 79
4.10 District wise per hectare consumption of Potash in Andhra Pradesh
80
Variation in fertilizer consumption per hectare of gross cultivated area
4.11
among districts –year wise. 82
Growth in per hectare consumption of Nitrogen fertilizer in Andhra
4.12
Pradesh. 84
Growth in per hectare consumption of Phosphorous fertilizer in Andhra
4.13
Pradesh. 86
Growth in per hectare consumption of Potash fertilizer in Andhra
4.14
Pradesh. 88
Growth in per hectare consumption of NPK fertilizer in Andhra
4.15
Pradesh 90
4.16 Growth in absolute consumption of NPK fertilizer in Andhra Pradesh
92
4.17 District wise consumption of NPK during kharif season. (000'tonnes)
94
4.18 District wise consumption of NPK during Rabi season. (000'tonnes)
95
4.19 Season wise average consumption of NPK fertilizer in Andhra Pradesh
97
4.2 Relative share of N,P and K in total consumption of N+P+K
97
Average consumption of different fertilizers in Andhra Pradesh ('000
4.21
tonnes) 99
Trends in consumption of pesticide in Andhra Pradesh: 1989-90 to
4.22
2009-10. 101
District wise consumption of pesticide in Andhra Pradesh. (MT in
4.23
technical grades). 104
District wise per hectare consumption of pesticide in Andhra
4.24
Pradesh.(a.i kg ha-1) 107
vii
Variation in pesticide consumption per hectare of gross cultivated area 108
4.25
across different districts –year wise.
4.26 District wise growth in consumption of pesticide in Andhra Pradesh
111
4.27 General characteristics of the sample farmer.
112
Cropping pattern of sample farmer, Andhra Pradesh, 2010-11 (in 113
4.28
percentages to gross cropped area).
4.29 Crop wise fertilizer consumption pattern of sample farmers. (kg ha-1)
116
4.30 Fertilizer use and its deviation from recommended doses (kg ha-1)
119
4.31 Pesticide rate use by sample farmer. (ai kg ha-1)
124
4.32 Share of cost of fertilizer and pesticide in total cost.
125
Impact of NPK and pesticide on paddy (Cobb- Douglas production
4.33
function) 128
Impact of fertilizer and pesticide on productivity of maize (multiple
4.34
linear regression) 128
Impact of fertilizer and pesticide on productivity of groundnut. (Cobb-
4.35
Douglas) 132
4.36 Impact of NPK and pesticide on cotton (linear).
132
4.37 Factor affecting fertilizer consumption in category I sample farmer
136
4.38 Factor affecting fertilizer consumption in category II sample farmer
136
4.39 Factor affecting fertilizer consumption in category III sample farmer.
138
4.4 Factor affecting fertilizer consumption in category IV sample farmer
138
4.41 Factor affecting fertilizer consumption in category V sample farmer
143
4.42 Factor affecting N,P,K and NPK consumption
143
4.43 Factor affecting expenditure on pesticide on paddy (log- linear)
145
4.44 Factor affecting expenditure on pesticide on cotton (linear)
145
4.45 Factor affecting expenditure on pesticide on maize (linear)
145
4.46 Projected demand for N, P & K in Andhra Pradesh (000'tonnes)
148
Projected demand for NPK in Andhra Pradesh- district wise -next five
4.47
years (tonnes) 148
4.48 Projection of pesticide (Tonnes) technical grade.
153

LIST OF FIGURES
viii
Fig. No. Title of the figure Page No.
3.1 42
Map of Andhra Pradesh
Trends in consumption of plant nutrients (N, P and K) in
4.1 60
Andhra Pradesh :1981 82 to 2010-11
Trends in per hectare consumption of plant nutrients (N, P and
4.2 60
K) per hectare
4.3 NPK share among the districts in TE (1981-84) 67
4.4 NPK share among the districts in TE (2008-11) 67
Trends in consumption of pesticide in Andhra Pradesh :1989-
4.5 102
90 to 2009-10
Trends in consumption of pesticide per hectare in Andhra
4.6 102
Pradesh :1989-90 to 2009-10.
Crop wise fertilizer consumption pattern of sample farmers.
4.7 (kg ha-1) 117
Share of different type of pesticide use by sample farmer in
4.8 123
different crops.

4.9 126
Share of cost of fertilizer in total cost
4.10 Share of cost of pesticide in total cost. 126
4.11 Share of cost of fertilizer and pesticide in total cost. 126
4.12 Nitrogen demand projection 149
4.13 Phosphorous demand projection 149
4.14 Potash demand projection 150
4.15 NPK demand projection 150
4.16 Pesticides demand projection 152

SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ix