economic analysis of drip irrigation in oil palm cultivation in east godavari district of andhra ...

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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DRIP IRRIGATION IN
OIL PALM CULTIVATION IN EAST GODAVARI
DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

BY

B.MRUDULA
B.Sc. (Ag.)

THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE

(AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS)

CHAIRPERSON: Dr. D.Vishnu Sankar Rao

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, BAPATLA-522101
ACHARYA N.G.RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
RAJENDRA NAGAR, HYDERABAD – 500 030
2012
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DRIP

IRRIGATION IN OIL PALM
CULTIVATION IN EAST GODAVARI
DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

B.MRUDULA
B.Sc. (Ag.)

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE
(AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS)

2012
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF
DRIP IRRIGATION IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION IN EAST GODAVARI
DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH” submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE
in the major field of Agricultural Economics of the Acharya N.G. Ranga
Agricultural University, Hyderabad, is a record of the bonafide research work
carried out by Miss. B.MRUDULA under my guidance and supervision. The
subject of the thesis has been approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee.
No part of the thesis has been submitted by the student for any other degree
or diploma. The published part has been fully acknowledged. All the assistance
and help received during the course of investigations have been duly
acknowledged by the author of the thesis.

(D.VISHNU SANKAR RAO)
Chairman of the Advisory Committee

Thesis approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee

Chairman : Dr. D.VISHNU SANKAR RAO _________________________
Professor and Head
Department of Agricultural Economics
Agricultural College, Bapatla.
Member : Dr. G.RAGHUNATHA REDDY ________________________
Assistant Professor
Department of Agricultural Economics
Agricultural College, Bapatla.

Member : Dr. V. SRINIVASA RAO _________________________
Associate Professor and head
Department of Statistics and
Mathematics
Agricultural College, Bapatla.

Date of final viva-voce:
CERTIFICATE

Miss. B.MRUDULA has satisfactorily prosecuted the course of research
and that the thesis “ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DRIP IRRIGATION IN
OIL PALM CULTIVATION IN EAST GODAVARI DISTRICT OF
ANDHRA PRADESH” submitted is the result of original research work and of
sufficiently high standard to warrant its presentation to the examination. I also
certify that the thesis or part thereof has not been previously submitted by him for
a degree of any university.

Date: (D.VISHNU SANKAR RAO)
Professor and Head
Place: Department of Agricultural Economics
Agricultural College, Bapatla.
DECLARATION

I, Miss. B.MRUDULA, hereby declare that the thesis entitled
“ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DRIP IRRIGATION IN OIL PALM
CULTIVATION IN EAST GODAVARI DISTRICT OF ANDHRA
PRADESH” submitted to the Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University for
the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE in the major
field of Agricultural Economics is the result of the original research work done
by me. It is further declared that the thesis or any part thereof has not been
published earlier in any manner.

Place : (B.MRUDULA)
Date : BAM-10-38

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

An accomplishment of this thesis is the result of benevolence of Almighty, love of
my parents and blessing of my teachers and motivation of my friends.
I am privileged to avail this opportunity to express my deep and heartfelt
gratitude and veneration to my major advisor and chairman of the advisory committee
Dr. D.Vishnu sankar Rao, Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Economics,
Agricultural College, Bapatla for his impeccable and highly informative advice and
guidance and for his incessant encouragement during the course of the study.
I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to the member of my advisory
committee, Dr. G.Raghunatha Reddy, Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural
Economics, Agricultural College, Bapatla for his insightful and inspiring guidance,
constant encouragement and constructive criticism during the course of my investigation.
I am extremely greatful to the member of advisory committee
Dr. V. Srinivasa Rao, Associate Professor & Head, Department of Statistics and
Mathematics, Agricultural College, Bapatla for his kind cooperation during statistical
analysis.
I avail of this opportunity to express my sincere regards to Dr.K.N.Ravi Kumar
Associate professor, Dr. K.S.R Paul, Assistant research officer, Sri.N.A.Choudary,
Retd.assistant professor, Dr. Ch. Sri latha, Assistant Professor, Dr. Y. Radha, Associate
Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics for their encouraging guidance and
transcendent suggestions during the course of investigation.
Even all the good words in the lexicon are not sufficient to describe the care,
sacrifices, boundless love, unending encouragement and support given to me by my
parents Sri B.J.Melongston and Smt B. Mary in shaping my career and future. I am
always grateful and indebted to them. My sincere thanks to my caring brothers Manoj,
Vikas, Lenin and sisters Vinny, Preethi and Spoorthi for their constant encouragement
and inspiration. Diction is not at all enough for express my feelings towards my family
members who constantly inspired, educated, guided and moulded me into the present
position, without whom, I may not have grown to this position. Their boundless
affection, meticulous care, admonishing remarks, consistent support and inimitable love
acted as impetus on my fortitude during the whole course of my research.
Wordy thanks can never repay the help, encouragement and perspiration in
rendering ineluctable assistance during my productive education career to my beloved
friends Shamily, Shahida, Krupa, Tanuja, Sindhu, Alekhya, Swaroop, Hani, Balaji,
Vamsi , Sudha and Urmila .
With pride I mention my colleagues Mayuri, Dayakar, Govardhan and Siva
Parvathi for their friendly opulence, emotional support rendered, pranks we made,
feelings we shared throughout the brighter and clouded phases of post graduation life.
It gives me immense pleasure to express my profound thanks to my senior friends
Sandhya, Chinmayee, Rambabu, Kishore, Prasad, Sravan, Praveen and junior friends
Gowthami, Ramanamma, Lavanya, Faruk and Srinivas for their unforgettable help and
co-operation during the course of this work.
I express my indebtedness to Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University for
providing financial assistance during the course of my post-graduation.My sincere thanks
to Eswar Digitals, Bapatla, for neat and meticulous printing of thesis in time.
Any omission in this brief acknowledgement doesn’t mean lack of gratitude.

Date : (B.MRUDULA)
LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page
No. No
3.1 Plantation age-wise classification of Oil Palm respondents 32
4.1 Land utilization pattern 45

4.2 Rainfall received during 2008-09 in East Godavari district 45
4.3 Net area irrigated by different sources in East Godavari district
2008-09 46
4.4 Area under principle crops in East Godavari district, 2008-09 47

4.5 Distribution of land holdings and Area operated by Different
48
size classes.
4.6 Oil Palm Cultivation in India 50

4.7
Area Coverage under Drip Irrigation in East Godavari District
51
4.8 51
Area under Oil palm cultivation and drip irrigation in East
Godavari district
4.9 Demographic features of selected mandals 54
4.10 Land utilization pattern in selected mandals
55

4.11 Distribution of land holdings of selected mandals
56

4.12 Rainfall received during in selected mandals 57
Table Title Page
No. No
4.13 Cropping pattern in selected mandals during 2008-09 59
4.14 Net area irrigated by different sources and intensity of irrigation 60
in selected mandals 2008-09 (in Ha)
4.15 State wise summary of proposed outlay under OPAE 61
4.16 Proposed assistance under OPAE 62
4.17 Proposed targets of area expansion under Oil palm for OPAE 63
under RKVY
5.1 Farm family particulars among the selected Oil palm growers 65
of drip and conventional methods of irrigation
5.2 Age-wise classification of Oil Palm farmers in the selected 67
sample and their experience
5.3 Source of irrigation in Oil palm (Hectares) 67
5.4 Establishment Costs in Oil Palm Plantations –Drip Method of 70
Irrigation (Rs/ha)
5.5 Establishment Costs in Oil Palm Plantations - Conventional 74
Method of Irrigation (Rs/ha)
5.6 Costs and returns from inter crops in Oil palm plantations with 78
DMI and CMI during pre-bearing period
5.7 Cost structure of drip irrigation system per hectare of oil palm 80
plantations
5.8 Maintenance costs in Oil palm plantations during bearing 83-86
period – Drip Method of Irrigation (Rs/ha)

5.9 Maintenance costs in Oil palm plantations during bearing 88-90
period – Conventional Method of Irrigation (Rs/ha)
5.10 Yield and income difference in DMI and CMI in Oil palm per 93
ha

5.11 NPW of drip method of irrigation in Oil Palm with df @ 13.5% 97