Ecology: The Economy of Nature PDF
Preview Ecology: The Economy of Nature
Ecology: The Economy of Nature Ecology: The Economy of Nature Eighth Edition Rick Relyea Rensselear Polytechnic Institute Robert Ricklefs University of Missouri–St. Louis Vice President, STEM: Ben Roberts Director, Editorial Program Mangement: Andrew Dunaway Program Manager: Jennifer Edwards Director of Development: Lisa Samols Executive Marketing Manager: Will Moore Marketing Assistant: Savannah DiMarco Development Editor: Randi Rossignol Manuscript Prep Editor: Crissy Dudonis Media Editor: Jennifer Compton Lead Content Developer: Mary Tibbets Editorial Assistant: Alexandra Hudson Media Permissions Manager: Christine Buese Photo Researcher: Richard Fox Director of Design, Content Management: Diana Blume Senior Design Manager: Blake Logan Cover and Text Design: Gary Hespenheide Director, Content Management Enhancement: Tracey Kuehn Managing Editor: Lisa Kinne Content Project Manager: Pamela Lawson Media Project Manager: Jodi Isman Art Manager: Matthew McAdams Illustration Coordinator: Janice Donnola Illustrations: MGMT Design and Nicolle R. Fuller, Sayo-Art LLC Senior Workflow Project Supervisor: Susan Wein Project Management: Lumina Datamatics, Inc. Composition: Lumina Datamatics, Inc. Cover Photo: Rolf Nussbaumer/Nature Picture Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2016962077 ISBN: 978-1-319-18895-5 (EPUB) © 2018, 2014, 2008, 2001 by W. H. Freeman and Company All rights reserved W. H. Freeman and Company One New York Plaza Suite 4500 New York, NY 10004-1562 www.macmillanlearning.com Brief Contents About the Authors Preface 1 Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method Part I: Life and the Physical Environment 2 Adaptations to Aquatic Environments 3 Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments 4 Adaptations to Variable Environments 5 Climates and Soils 6 Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes Part II: Organisms 7 Evolution and Adaptation 8 Life Histories 9 Reproductive Strategies 10 Social Behaviors Part III: Populations 11 Population Distributions 12 Population Growth and Regulation 13 Population Dynamics Over Space and Time Part IV: Species Interactions 14 Predation and Herbivory 15 Parasitism and Infectious Diseases 16 Competition 17 Mutualism Part V: Communities and Ecosystems 18 Community Structure 19 Community Succession 20 Movement of Energy in Ecosystems 21 Movement of Elements in Ecosystems Part VI: Global Ecology 22 Landscape Ecology and Global Biodiversity 23 Conservation of Global Biodiversity Appendices Reading Graphs Statistical Tables Answers to “Analyzing Ecology” and “Graphing the Data” Glossary Index Contents About the Authors Preface 1 Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method Searching for Life at the Bottom of the Ocean 1.1 Ecological Systems Exist in a Hierarchy of Organization Individuals Populations and Species Communities Ecosystems The Biosphere Studying Ecology at Different Levels of Organization 1.2 Ecological Systems Are Governed by Physical and Biological Principles Conservation of Matter and Energy Dynamic Steady States Evolution 1.3 Different Organisms Play Diverse Roles in Ecological Systems
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