Ecology and Prevention of Lyme Borreliosis 2016

465 Pages·2016·17.783 MB·English

by  Braks, Marieta A. H., Sprong, Hein, Takken, Willem, Wieren, Sipke E. van

Ecology and prevention
of Lyme borreliosis
edited by:
Marieta A.H. Braks, Sipke E. van Wieren,
Willem Takken and Hein Sprong
Ecology and control
Wageningen Academic
of vector-borne diseases
P u b l i s h e r s
Volume 4
Ecology and prevention of Lyme borreliosis

Ecology and prevention
of Lyme borreliosis
Ecology and control of vector-borne diseases
Volume 4
edited by:
Marieta A.H. Braks
Sipke E. van Wieren
Willem Takken
and
Hein Sprong
Wageningen Academic
P u b l i s h e r s
Buy a print copy of this book at
www.WageningenAcademic.com/ecvd-04
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Ecology and control of vector-borne diseases
In the past century, many advances were made in the control of vector-borne diseases. Malaria
disappeared from the northern hemisphere, diseases such as typhus, Bartonella and yellow
fever were seriously reduced in prevalence and in many countries effective methods of disease
control contributed to a greatly reduced incidence of such diseases. Most of these advances
were beneficial to the industrialised world, whereas underdeveloped countries continued to
suffer much as before. Indeed, several diseases such as malaria, Rift Valley fever and African
sleeping sickness are still highly prevalent in parts of the tropics. ‘New’ vector-borne diseases
such as dengue, chikungunya fever and West Nile fever, have emerged and are invading previously
disease-free regions. The discovery of new drugs and vaccines has made great advances and allows
for the effective treatment and control of many diseases. In contrast, vector control has lagged
behind in development, even though it is realised that effective vector control would allow for an
immediate interruption of the transmission of disease, and aid in disease control and eradication.
In the last decade new initiatives on vector control have been undertaken, leading to a rapid
development of effective and lasting methods of vector control. For example, the Roll Back Malaria
control programme of the World Health Organization has led to significant reductions in malaria
in many countries. In order to achieve further advances, however, additional tools are required.
The development of molecular genetics has provided new insight in vector biology and behaviour,
which is being used for developing new strategies of vector control. Advances in geographic
information systems allow for precision targeting of interventions. The collective information
on new developments in vector ecology and control for vector-borne diseases is scattered over
numerous periodicals and electronic databases. This book series intends to bring together this
information in sequential volumes arranged around selected themes that are currently of interest.
Willem Takken is the senior editor of the series. The editors of Volume 4 are Marieta Braks, Sip van
Wieren, Willem Takken and Hein Sprong. The editors of the current volume are well-known experts
in the field of Lyme tick biology, tick-borne diseases and ecology.
Ecology and prevention of Lyme borreliosis 5

Table of contents
1. Introduction: choosing a One Health approach for the control of Lyme borreliosis 11
Hein Sprong and Marieta A.H. Braks
2. The complexity of patients with (suspected) Lyme borreliosis 19
Jeanine Ursinus, Jeroen Coumou and Joppe W.R. Hovius
Ecology – life cycles 29
3. Life cycle and ecology of Ixodes ricinus: the roots of public health importance 31
Gábor Földvári
4. Ecology of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato 41
Elena Claudia Coipan and Hein Sprong
5. Rodents as hosts for Ixodes ricinus and Borrelia afzelii 63
Gilian van Duijvendijk, Gerrit Gort and Willem Takken
6. The role of large herbivores in Ixodes ricinus and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. dynamics 75
Sipke E. van Wieren and Tim R. Hofmeester
7. Ecological interactions between songbirds, ticks, and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in Europe 91
Dieter J.A. Heylen
8. Neglected hosts: the role of lacertid lizards and medium-sized mammals in the eco-
epidemiology of Lyme borreliosis 103
Sándor Szekeres, Viktória Majláthová, Igor Majláth and Gábor Földvári
9. Emerging tick-borne pathogens: ticking on Pandora’s box 127
Setareh Jahfari and Hein Sprong
10. Phenology of Ixodes ricinus and Lyme borreliosis risk 149
Willem Takken
Ecology – disease ecology 159
11. How landscapes shape Lyme borreliosis risk 161
Lucy Gilbert
12. The role of host diversity in Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. dynamics 173
Tim R. Hofmeester
13. Greener cities, a wild card for ticks? 187
Fedor Gassner, Kayleigh M. Hansford and Jolyon M. Medlock
Ecology and prevention of Lyme borreliosis 7
14. A resource-based habitat concept for tick-borne diseases 205
Sophie O. Vanwambeke, Sen Li and Nienke A. Hartemink
15. Modelling the ecological dynamics of tick borne pathogens in a risk assessment
perspective 217
Alessandro Mannelli, Agustin Estrada-Peña and Donal Bisanzio
Risk management – hazard control 231
16. How can forest managers help to reduce the risk for Lyme borreliosis? 233
Kris Verheyen and Sanne C. Ruyts
17. The role of large herbivores in tick-reducing intervention schemes 243
Sipke E. van Wieren
18. Sheep mopping 253
Sipke E. van Wieren
19. Effectiveness and environmental hazards of acaricides applied to large mammals for
tick control 265
Sipke E. van Wieren, Marieta A.H. Braks and Joost Lahr
20. Biological control of the tick Ixodes ricinus by pathogens and invertebrates 279
Ingeborg Klingen and Gilian van Duijvendijk
21. Anti-tick vaccines to prevent tick-borne diseases: an overview and a glance at the future 295
Michelle J. Klouwens, Jos J. Trentelman and Joppe W.R. Hovius
Risk management – exposure control 317
22. Evidence-based health promotion programmes and tools to prevent tick bites and
Lyme borreliosis 319
Desiree J. Beaujean and Hein Sprong
23. Prevention of Lyme borreliosis after a tick bite 327
Hein Sprong and Kees (C.C.) van den Wijngaard
24. How an extreme weather spell in winter can influence vector tick abundance and
tick-borne disease incidence 335
Hans Dautel, Daniel Kämmer and Olaf Kahl
25. Grasping risk mapping 351
Marieta A.H. Braks, Annemieke C. Mulder, Arno Swart and William Wint
26. From guessing to GIS-ing: empowering land managers 373
Annemieke C. Mulder, Marianne Snabilie and Marieta A.H. Braks
8 Ecology and prevention of Lyme borreliosis
27. Personal protection for people with occupational risk in the Netherlands 389
Mirjam C.G. de Groot
28. The protection of European dogs against infection with Lyme disease spirochaetes 409
K. Emil Hovius
Conclusion 427
29. Lyme borreliosis prevention strategies: United States versus Europe 429
Lars Eisen and Jeremy S. Gray
30. Concluding remarks 451
Hein Sprong
About the editors 453
Contributors 455
Reviewers 460
Ecology and prevention of Lyme borreliosis 9