Table Of Content

cological Researc Volume 14 1999 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Takuya Abe ASSOCIATE EDITORS Masahiko Higashi Kihachiro Kikuzawa Masami Nakanishi Blackwell Science Asia Ecological Research EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Editorial Policy Takuya Abe, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Ecological Research has been published in English by the Ecolog- Otsu ical Society of Japan since 1986 in order to promote interna- tionally the results of research in ecology. The Journal publishes ASSOCIATE EDITORS peer-reviewed, original research papers, critical reviews, tech- Masahiko Higashi, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto nical reports, and notes and comments covering all aspects of University, Kyoto ecology. Manuscripts are judged on the basis of their contribu- Kihachiro Kikuzawa, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto tion of original data and ideas or interpretation. Manuscripts are University, Kyoto edited where necessary for clarity and economy. Masami Nakanishi, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto Manuscripts submitted must not have been published, University, Otsu accepted for publication, or be under consideration elsewhere. All papers accepted become the copyright of the Society. EDITORIAL BOARD Toshihiko Hara, Hokkaido University, Sapporo Editorial Correspondence Keiji Iwasaki, Nara University, Nara Zen-ichiro Kawabata, Kyoto University, Otsu Manuscripts and editorial correspondence should be addressed Tetsuo Kuwamura, Chukyo University, Nagoya to: Dr Seigo Higashi, Ecological Research, c/o Graduate School of Toshi Nagata, University of Tokyo, Tokyo Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo Nobukazu Nakagoshi, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 060-0810, Japan (fax: international +81 11 706 4864; Email: Tohru Nakashizuka, Kyoto University, Otsu [email protected]). Takayuki Ohgushi, Kyoto University, Otsu Takashi Saitoh, Forestry and Forest Products Research Subscriptions and Advertising Bookings Institute, Kyoto Ecological Research is published quarterly and the subscription Junji Takabayashi, Kyoto University, Kyoto Akio Takenaka, National Institute for Environmental Studies, prices for 1999 are ¥39 200 (Japan) or US$280.00/A$450.00 (overseas). The Journal is dispatched by surface airlifted post Tsukuba Masaki Tateno, University of Tokyo, Nikko from Japan. All matters relating to orders, subscriptions, back issues, Kazuki Tsuji, Toyama University, Toyama reprints and offprints from Volume 7 onwards, offprints and Shiro Tsuyuzaki, Hokkaido University, Sapporo advertisement bookings should be sent to: Blackwell Science Keisuke Ueda, Rikkyo University, Tokyo Asia, PO Box 378 (54 University Street), Carlton South, EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Victoria 3053, Australia (Email: <[email protected]>; fax: +61 3 9347 5001; tel: +61 3 9347 0300). Tom Fenchel, University of Copenhagen, Helsingor, Denmark Raghavendra Gadagkar, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Abstracting and Indexing Peter J. Grubb, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Ecological Research is covered by BIOSIS Database, CAB Abstracts, William D. Hamilton, Oxford University, Oxford, UK Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Service, Elsevier Xingguo Han, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s BIOBASE/Current Awareness in Biological Sciences, Current Con- Republic of China tents/Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences, Ecological Jiro Kikkawa, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Abstracts, Environmental Periodicals Bibliography, GEOBASE, JOIS, Roger Kitching, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia Journals@Ovid, Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts, Research Byung-Hoon Lee, Chonbuk National University, Chonju, Alert, Science Citation Index, SciSearch, UnCover, University Republic of Korea Microfilms and Zoological Record. Simon A. Levin, Princeton University, Princeton, USA Peter H. Raven, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, USA Copyright and Photocopying Colin S$. Reynolds, ERC Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Cumbria, UK © 1999 Ecological Society of Japan. Authorization to photocopy David Tilman, University of Minnesota, St Paul, USA items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use Ian M. Turner, National Parks Board, Singapore of specific clients is granted by the Ecological Society of Japan Edward O. Wilson, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clear- ance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided EDITORIAL ASSISTANT that the base fee of $14.00 per copy is paid directly to CCC, 222 Chie Miura, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. This consent does Email: [email protected] not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution for advertising or promotional purposes, for creat- PRODUCTION EDITOR ing new collective works or for resale. Special requests should be Mandy Naylor, Blackwell Science Asia, Melbourne, Australia addressed to the publishers. 0912-3814/99 $14.00. Email: [email protected] This journal is printed on acid-free paper. Visit the Journal home page at <www.blackwell-science.com/products/journals/xeres.htm> The publication of this journal is supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Publishing Research Results (Scientific Periodical) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan. Contents VOLUME 14, NUMBER 1, MARCH 1999 Nitrogen resorption from needles of Pinus thunbergii Parl. growing along a topographic gradient of soil nutrient availability Tsutomu Enoki and Hideyuki Kawaguchi Recruitment of fleshy-fruited species under different shrub species: Control by under-canopy environment Johannes Kollmann and PeterJ . Grubb Organic matter economy of Exphorbia adenochlora with special reference to its life cycle Shiori Yamasaki Ecological significance of root tip rotation for seedling establishment of Oryza sativa L. Naoto Inoue, Teruo Arase, Motoyuki Hagiwara, Takahisa Amano, Taiichi Hayashi and Ry oichi Tkeda Population structure and dynamics of an evergreen shade herb, Ainsliaea apiculata (Asteraceae), with special reference to herbivore effects Yoshimichi Hori and Tomoko Yokoi Density effect, self-thinning and size distribution in Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. stands Li Xue and Akio Hagihara Contribution of fern gametophytes to the growth of produced sporophytes on the basis of carbon gain Yoshiaki Sakamaki and Yoshio Ino Effects of bird ingestion on seed germination of two Prunus species with different fruit-ripening seasons Tsutomo Yagihashi, Mitsuhiro Hayashida and Toshizumi Miyamoto VOLUME 14, NUMBER 2, JUNE 1999 Diurnal changes in leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in tropical tree species with contrasting light requirements Atsushi Ishida, Takashi Nakano, Yoosuke Matsumoto, Mutsumi Sakoda and Lai Hoe Ang Lichens as bioindicators of temporal variations in air quality around Thessaloniki, northern Greece Despina Voukou, Stergios Arg. Pirintsos and Stefano Loppi Insect feeding on spores of a bracket fungus, E/fvingia applanata (Pers.) Karst. (Ganodermataceae, Aphyllophorales) Nobuko Tuno Pattern of land mosaics affecting butterfly assemblage at Mt Ikoma, Osaka, Japan Yosthiro Natuhara, Chobei Imai and Mitsuko Takahashi Effects of micro-environmental factors on photosynthetic CO, uptake and carbon fixation metabolism in a spring ephemeral, Erythronium japonicum, growing in native and open habitats Shinichi Sawada, Akira Harada, Yoshiko Asari, Sachie Asano, Makoto Kuninaka, Hitomi Kawamura and Minobu Kasai Contents Mixed leaf litter effects on decomposition rates and soil microarthropod communities in an oak—pine stand in Japan Nobuhiro Kaneko and Eric F. Salamanca Species dynamics and colonization patterns in an abandoned forest in an urban landscape Dinesh R. Bhuju and Masahiko Ohsawa Regulation of food provisioning and parental body condition in Leach’s storm-petrels, Oceanodroma leucorhao: Experimental manipulation of offspring food demand Akinori Takahashi, Yasuaki Niizuma and Yutaka Watanuki Different distribution patterns of woody species on a slope in relation to vertical root distribution and dynamics of soil moisture profiles Nao Yanag&i sawa and Noboru Fuj: ita Estimation of the retention times and distances of seed dispersed by two monkey species, A/ouatta seniculus and Lagothrix lagotricha, in a Colombian forest Takakazu Yumoto, Koshin Kimura and Akisato Nishimura Within- and between-patch variability of predation intensity on the mussel Mytilus trossulus Gould on a rocky intertidal shore in Oregon, USA Takashi Noda Note and Comment A record of acorn eating by sika deer in western Japan Udayani Rose Weerasinghe and Seiki Takatsuki VOLUME 14, NUMBER 3, SEPTEMBER 1999 Diversity in specific gravity and water content of wood among Bornean tropical rainforest trees Eizi Suzuki Removal and predation of Quercus liaotungensis acorns by animals Wei Wang, Keping Ma and Canran Liu Light, nutrients and primary productivity in Lake Biwa: An evaluation of the current ecosystem situation Jotaro Urabe, Tatsuki Sekino, Kentaro Nozaki, Akihiro Tsuji, Chikage Yoshimizu, Maiko Kagami, Tadatoshi Koitabashi, Tatsuo Miyazaki and Masami Nakanishi Modeling associative learning with generalization for a case of warning signals Shigeo Yachi and Masahiko Higashi Nitrogen content in feces and the diet of Sika deer on the Boso Peninsula, central Japan Masahiko Asada and Keiji Ochiai Competitive ability of two Brassica varieties in relation to biomass allocation and morphological plasticity under varying nutrient availability Bo Li, Jun-Ichirou Suzuki and Toshihiko Hara A possible relationship between outbreaks of the oriental migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen) in China and the El Nijfio episodes Lhibin Zhang and Dianmo Li Effect of millipede Parafontaria tonominea Attems (Diplopoda: Xystodesmidae) adults on soil biological activities: A microcosm experiment Nobuhiro Kaneko Early stages of secondary succession on abandoned cropland in north-east Borneo Island Toshiyuki Ohtsuka Contents Feeding rates and energy deficits of juvenile and adult Japanese monkeys in a cool temperate area with snow coverage Yuri Nakayama, Shiro Matsuoka and Yutaka Watanuki VOLUME 14, NUMBER 4, DECEMBER 1999 Habitat selection by wintering tufted ducks with special reference to their digestive organ and to possible segregation between neighboring populations Nariko Oka, Masumi Yamamuro, Junichi Hiratsuka and Hitoshi Satoh Intrapopulation variation in carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in the earthworm Aporrectodea longa Olaf Schmidt Indirect interactions between two aphid species in relation to ant attendance Hiroshi Sakata Linking microhabitat availability and local density of rainbow trout in low-gradient Japanese streams Hirokazu Urabe and Shigeru Nakano Selective foraging on terrestrial invertebrates by rainbow trout in a forested headwater stream in northern Japan Shigeru Nakano, Yoichi Kawaguchi, Yoshinori Taniguchi, Hitoshi Miyasaka, Yukiyoshi Shibata, Hirokazu Urabe and Naotoshi Kuhara Topographical variations in a plant—soil system along a slope on mt Ryuoh, Japan Naoko Tokuchi, Hiroshi Takeda, Kazuma Yoshida and Goro Iwatsubo Does fruiting phenology vary with fruit syndrome? An investigation on animal-dispersed tree species in an evergreen forest in south-western Cameroon Masazumi Mitani Vegetation structure in gullies developed by the melting of ice wedges along Kolyma River, northern Siberia Shiro Tsuyuzaki, Takeshi Ishizaki and Toshiyuki Sato Pruning behavior and intercolony competition of Tetraponera (Pachysima) aethipos (Pseudomyrmecinae, Hymenoptera) in Bacteria fistulosa in a tropical forest, Democratic Republic of Congo Takakazu Yumoto and Tamaki Marubhashi Note and Comment Aboveground biomass and soil nutrient pools of a Scalesia pedunculata montane forest on Santa Cruz, Galapagos Kanehiro Kitayama and Syuzo Itou Note and Comment Belowground carbon storage of Micronesian mangrove forests Kiyoshi Fujimoto, Akihiro Imaya, Ryuichi Tabuchi, Shigeo Kuramoto, Hajime Utsugi and Tamon Murofushi Corrigendum Referees Author index Subject index