Echocardiography Board Review PDF
Preview Echocardiography Board Review
Echocardiography Board Review 400 Multiple Choice Questions with Discussion Ramdas G. Pai MD, FACC, FRCP (Edin) DirectorofIntegratedCardiovascularImagingCenter LomaLindaUniversityMedicalCenter,LomaLinda,CA,USA and Padmini Varadarajan MD, FACC AdvancedCardiovascularImaging LomaLindaUniversityMedicalCenter,LomaLinda,CA,USA This page intentionally left blank Echocardiography Board Review This page intentionally left blank Echocardiography Board Review 400 Multiple Choice Questions with Discussion Ramdas G. Pai MD, FACC, FRCP (Edin) DirectorofIntegratedCardiovascularImagingCenter LomaLindaUniversityMedicalCenter,LomaLinda,CA,USA and Padmini Varadarajan MD, FACC AdvancedCardiovascularImaging LomaLindaUniversityMedicalCenter,LomaLinda,CA,USA Copyright(cid:2)2007 JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester, WestSussexPO198SQ,England Telephone (þ44) 1243779777 Email(forordersandcustomerserviceenquiries):[email protected] VisitourHomePageonwww.wiley.com AllRightsReserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmittedin anyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,scanningorotherwise,exceptunder thetermsoftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988orunderthetermsofalicenceissuedbytheCopyright LicensingAgencyLtd,90TottenhamCourtRoad,LondonW1T4LP,UK,withoutthepermissioninwritingof thePublisher.RequeststothePublishershouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,JohnWiley&Sons Ltd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussexPO198SQ,England,oremailedto [email protected],orfaxedto(þ44)1243770620. 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OtherWileyEditorialOffices JohnWiley&SonsInc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030,USA Jossey-Bass,989MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA94103-1741,USA Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH,Boschstr.12,D-69469Weinheim,Germany JohnWiley&SonsAustraliaLtd,33ParkRoad,Milton,Queensland4064,Australia JohnWiley&Sons(Asia)PteLtd,2ClementiLoop#02-01,JinXingDistripark,Singapore129809 JohnWiley&SonsCanadaLtd,6045FreemontBlvd,Mississauga,Ontario,L5R4J3 Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmay notbeavailableinelectronicbooks. AnniversaryLogoDesign:RichardJ.Pacifico LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Pai,RamdasG. Echocardiographyboardreview:400multiplechoicequestionswithdiscussion/RamdasG.PaiandPadmini Varadarajan. p.;cm. ISBN978-0-470-51822-9(alk.paper) 1. Echocardiography—Examinations,questions,etc. I.Varadarajan,Padmini. II.Title. [DNLM:1. Echocardiography—ExaminationQuestions. WG18.2P142e2007] RC683.5.U5P322007 616.102075430076—dc22 2007040629 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN978-0-470-03468-2 Typesetin9.5/13ptBembobyIntegraSoftwareServicesPvt.Ltd,Pondicherry,India. PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyAntonyRoweLtd,Chippenham,Wiltshire. Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaperresponsiblymanufacturedfromsustainableforestry inwhichatleasttwotreesareplantedforeachoneusedforpaperproduction. Contents Preface vii Chapter 1 1 Questions1–20 1 Answers1–20 4 Chapter 2 7 Questions21–40 7 Answers21–40 10 Chapter 3 13 Questions41–60 13 Answers41–60 16 Chapter 4 19 Questions61–80 19 Answers61–80 23 Chapter 5 25 Questions81–100 25 Answers81–100 28 Chapter 6 31 Questions101–120 31 Answers101–120 35 Chapter 7 39 Questions121–140 39 Answers121–140 42 Chapter 8 45 Questions141–160 45 Answers141–160 48 Chapter 9 51 Questions161–180 51 Answers161–180 54 Chapter 10 57 Questions181–200 57 Answers181–200 60 Chapter 11 63 Questions201–220 63 Answers201–220 66 vi | Contents Chapter 12 69 Questions221–240 69 Answers221–240 78 Chapter 13 81 Questions241–260 81 Answers241–260 91 Chapter 14 95 Questions261–280 95 Answers261–280 105 Chapter 15 109 Questions281–300 109 Answers281–300 119 Chapter 16 123 Questions301–320 123 Answers301–320 133 Chapter 17 137 Questions321–340 137 Answers321–340 146 Chapter 18 149 Questions341–360 149 Answers341–360 159 Chapter 19 163 Questions361–380 163 Answers361–380 171 Chapter 20 175 Questions381–400 175 Answers381–400 184 Preface The Echocardiography Board Review is written for the primary purpose of helping candidates prepare for the National Board of Echocardiography and should be helpful both to the cardiologists and anesthesiologists preparing for this certification process. At the time of its writing, there were no other published works available that comprehensively dealt with thematerialcoveredintheseexaminationsinaquestion,answeranddiscussionformat.The authorshaveusedthisformatinteachingechocardiographytocardiologyfellowsintraining. One of the main impetuses for initiating this work was the request by many of the trainees and prospective echocardiography examination candidates to write such material. Similar requests have also come from echocardiography technicians preparing for their certification examination.Thereare400well-thought-outquestionsinthisreviewbook.Thequestions addresspracticallyallareasofechocardiographyincludingappliedultrasoundphysics,practical hydrodynamics, imaging techniques, valvular heart disease, myocardial diseases, congenital heart disease, noninvasive hemodynamics, surgical echocardiography, etc. Each question is followedbyseveralanswerstochoosefrom.Thediscussionaddressesnotonlytherationale behindpickingtherightchoice,butfillsininformationaroundthetopicunderdiscussionsuch thatimportantkeyconceptsareclearlydriven.Thiswouldnotonlyhelpinthepreparationfor theexaminations,butalsogiveaclearunderstandingofvariousechocardiographictechniques, applicationsandthediseaseprocessestheyaddress. Thisreviewwouldbehelpfulnotonlytotheprospectiveexamineesinechocardiography, but to all students of echocardiography in training, not only in cardiology and anesthesia trainingprogramsinthiscountrybutinternationallyaswell.Thisdoesnottaketheplaceofa standardtextbookofechocardiography,butcomplementsthetextbookreadingbybringing out the salient concepts in a clear fashion. The questions on applied physics, quantitative Dopplerandimagesareofparticularvalue.Thereareover200stillimagesrepresentingmost ofthekeyareasandthesewillimprovethediagnosticabilitiesofthereviewer. We feel this book will meet the need felt by students of echocardiography in not only preparingforexaminationsbutclearlyenhancingtheunderstandingofthesubjectinaneasy- to-readmanner.Theauthorsaregratefultomanyofthetraineeswhoexpressedtheneedfor suchworkandpressuredustowriteone. This page intentionally left blank
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