East German foreign intelligence: myth, reality and controversy / PDF
Preview East German foreign intelligence: myth, reality and controversy /
East German Foreign Intelligence This edited book examines the East German foreign intelligence service (Haupt verwaltung Aufklärung, or HV A) as a historical problem, covering politics, scientific-technicalandmilitaryintelligenceandcounter-intelligence. ThecontributorsbroadentheconventionalviewofEastGermanforeignintel- ligenceasdrivenbytheinter-G ermanconflicttoincludeitstargetingofthe UnitedStates,northernEuropeanandScandinaviancountries,highlightingareas thathavepreviouslyreceivedscantattention,likescientific-technicalandmili- taryintelligence.TheCIA’sunderestimationoftheHV Awasamajorintelli- gencefailure.Asaresult,EastGermanintelligenceservedasastealthweapon againsttheUS,WestGermanandNATOtargets,acquiringthelion’sshareof criticalWarsawPactintelligencegatheredduringtheColdWar.Themesand topicsthatrunthroughthevolumeincludetheespionagewars;theHV A’srela- tionshipwiththeRussianKGB;successesandfailuresoftheBND(West GermanFederalIntelligenceService)inEastGermany;theCIAandtheHV A; the HV AincountriesoutsideofWestGermany;disinformationandtheroleand importanceofintelligencegatheringinEastGermany. ThisbookwillbeofmuchinteresttostudentsofEastGermany,Intelligence Studies,ColdWarHistoryandGermanpoliticsingeneral. Thomas Wegener FriisisanAssistantProfessorattheUniversityofSouthern Denmark’sCentreforColdWarStudies.Kristie MacrakisisProfessorat theGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,Atlanta.Helmut Müller-Enbergswasa VisitingProfessorattheUniversityofSouthernDenmark,2008–09andholdsa tenuredseniorstaffpositionattheGermanFederalCommissionfortheStasi ArchivesinBerlin. Studies in intelligence series GeneralEditors:RichardJ.AldrichandChristopherAndrew ISSN: 1368–9916 British Military Intelligence in the Intelligence Analysis and Palestine Campaign 1914–1918 Assessment Yigal Sheffy Edited by David Charters, A. Stuart Farson and Glenn P. Hastedt British Military Intelligence in the Crimean War, 1854–1856 TET 1968 Stephen M. Harris Understandingthesurprise Ronnie E. Ford Signals Intelligence in World War II Edited by David Alvarez Intelligence and Imperial Defence BritishIntelligenceandthedefenceof Knowing Your Friends theIndianEmpire1904–1924 Intelligenceinsidealliancesand Richard J. Popplewell coalitionsfrom1914totheColdWar Edited by Martin S. Alexander Espionage Past,present,future? Eternal Vigilance Edited by Wesley K. Wark 50yearsoftheCIA Edited by Rhodri JeffreysJ ones and The Australian Security Intelligence Christopher Andrew Organization Anunofficialhistory Nothing Sacred Frank Cain Nazi espionage against the Vatican, 1939–1945 Policing Politics David Alvarez and Securityintelligenceandtheliberal Revd. Robert A. Graham democratic state Peter Gill Intelligence Investigations HowUltrachangedhistory From Information to Intrigue Ralph Bennett StudiesinSecretServicebasedonthe SwedishExperience1939–45 C.G. McKay Dieppe Revisited Intelligence Services in the Adocumentaryinvestigation Information Age John Campbell Michael Herman More Instructions from the Centre Espionage and the Roots of the Christopher and Oleg Gordievsky Cold War The conspiratorial heritage Controlling Intelligence David McKnight Edited by Glenn P. Hastedt Swedish Signal Intelligence Spy Fiction, Spy Films and Real 1900–1945 Intelligence C.G. McKay and Bengt Beckman Edited by Wesley K. Wark The Norwegian Intelligence Service Security and Intelligence in a 1945–1970 Changing World Olav Riste Newperspectivesforthe1990s Edited by A. Stuart Farson, Secret Intelligence in the Twentieth David Stafford and Wesley K. Wark Century Edited by Heike Bungert, A Don at War Jan G. Heitmann and Michael Wala Sir David Hunt K.C.M.G., O.B.E. (reprint) The CIA, the British Left and the Cold War Intelligence and Military Operations Callingthetune? Edited by Michael I. Handel Hugh Wilford Leaders and Intelligence Our Man in Yugoslavia Edited by Michael I. Handel ThestoryofaSecretServiceoperative Sebastian Ritchie War, Strategy and Intelligence Michael I. Handel Understanding Intelligence in the Twenty- First Century Strategic and Operational Deception Journeysinshadows in the Second World War Len Scott and Peter Jackson Edited by Michael I. Handel MI6 and the Machinery of Spying Codebreaker in the Far East Philip H.J. Davies Alan Stripp Twenty- First Century Intelligence Intelligence for Peace Edited by Wesley Wark Edited by Hesi Carmel Intelligence and Strategy Selectedessays John Robert Ferris The US Government, Citizen Stasi Groups and the Cold War Shieldandswordoftheparty Thestate-privatenetwork John C. Schmeidel Edited by Helen Laville and Hugh Wilford British Intelligence and the Arab Revolt Peacekeeping Intelligence Thefirstmodernintelligencewar Newplayers,extendedboundaries Polly A. Mohs Edited by David Carment and Martin Rudner Exploring Intelligence Archives Enquiriesintothesecretstate Special Operations Executive Edited by R. Gerald Hughes, Anewinstrumentofwar Peter Jackson, and Len Scott Edited by Mark Seaman US National Security, Intelligence Mussolini’s Propaganda Abroad and Democracy SubversionintheMediterraneanand TheChurchCommitteeandthewar theMiddleEast,1935–1940 on terror Manuela A. Williams Edited by Russell A. Miller The Politics and Strategy of Intelligence Theory Clandestine War Keyquestionsanddebates Specialoperationsexecutive, Edited by Peter Gill, Stephen Marrin 1940–1946 and Mark Phythian Neville Wylie East German Foreign Intelligence Britain’s Secret War against Japan, Myth,realityandcontroversy 1937–1945 Edited by Thomas Wegener Friis, Douglas Ford Kristie Macrakis and Helmut MüllerEnbergs US Covert Operations and Cold War Strategy Truman,secretwarfareandtheCIA, 1945–53 SarahJ ane Corke East German Foreign Intelligence Myth,realityandcontroversy Edited by Thomas Wegener Friis, Kristie Macrakis and Helmut Müller-Enbergs Firstpublished2010 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada byRoutledge 270MadisonAve,NewYork,NY10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2010. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. ©2010Selectionandeditorialmatter,ThomasWegenerFriis,Kristie MacrakisandHelmutMüller-Enbergs;individualchapters,the contributors Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor utilizedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orin anyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwriting fromthepublishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Acatalogrecordforthisbookhasbeenrequested ISBN 0-203-87302-5 Master e-book ISBN ISBN10:0-415-48442-1(hbk) ISBN10:0-203-87302-5(ebk) ISBN13:978-0-415-48442-8(hbk) ISBN13:978-0-203-87302-1(ebk) Contents List of illustrations x List of contributors xi Acknowledgments xiii PART I Intelligence and counter-i ntelligence 1 Introduction: East German foreign intelligence as history3 THOMASWEGENERFRIIS,KRISTIEMACRAKISAND HELMUTMüLLER-ENBERGS 1 Counter- intelligence in post-w ar Europe, 1945–1965 11 NIGELWEST 2 Western espionage and Stasi counter-e spionage in East Germany, 1953–1961 19 PAULMADDRELL 3 The rise and fall of West German intelligence operations against East Germany 34 ERICHSCHMIDT-EENBOOM 4 Deaf, dumb, and blind: the CIA and East Germany 48 BENJAMINB.FISCHER viii Contents 5 Rosenholz: Mischa’s files, CIA’s booty 70 ROBERTGERALDLIVINGSTON PART II Political intelligence 89 6 Political intelligence: foci and sources, 1969–1989 91 HELMUTMüLLER-ENBERGS 7 Active measures and disinformation as part of East Germany’s propaganda war, 1953–1972 113 MICHAELF.SCHOLz 8 Foreign intelligence under the roof of the Ministry for State Security 134 BERNDLIPPMANN 9 East German espionage in Denmark 146 THOMASWEGENERFRIIS 10 How the MfS’ worldview affected the intelligence cycle: a study based on operations against the Netherlands 162 BEATRICEDEGRAAF PART III Scientific- technical and military intelligence 183 11 The crown jewels and the importance of scientific- technical intelligence 185 KRISTIEMACRAKIS 12 The professionalization of Soviet military intelligence and its influence on the Berlin Crisis under Khruschev 204 MATTHIASUHL Contents ix 13 BND military espionage in East Germany, 1946–1994 219 ARMINWAGNER People index 238 Place index 242 Cover names and operations index 245
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