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.VA'I'irir.-ji S-AT:3TlCni-: Catalogue96-317E CJ•,>.;•..^J8Iv-M Earnings LIBRARY of Canadians r o c u <s ON A N A D FocusonCanada EarningsofCanadians By: JohnGartley CatalogueNo.96-317E PublishedbyStatisticsCanadaandPrenticeHallCanadaInc. ^^I^^HH Statistics Statistique /^«~..^ J'*' Canada Canada V/3,Il3,Cl3, CanadianCataloguinginPublicationData Gartley,John EarningsofCanadians (FocusonCanadaseries) CS96-317E IssuedalsoinFrenchunderthetitle: LesgainsdesCanadiens. 1.Wages- Canada--Statistics.2.Canada~Census,1991. I.StatisticsCanada.II.Title III.Series:FocusonCanada (Ottawa,Ontario). HD4979.G371994331.2'971'021C94-931036-0 PublishedbyauthorityoftheMinister responsibleforStatisticsCanada ©MinisterofIndustry, ScienceandTechnology,1994 Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedina retrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical, photocopying,recordingorotherwisewithoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromLicence Services,MarketingDivision,StatisticsCanada,Ottawa,Ontario,CanadaKIA0T6. ISBN0-13-310327-7 PublishedbyStatisticsCanadaandPrenticeHallCanadaInc. AcquisitionsEditor:MichaelBickerstaff,PrenticeHallCanadaInc. ProductManager:LomaBailie,StatisticsCanada 12345 9897969594 PrintedandboundinCanada. Distributedby: PrenticeHallCanadaInc. 1870BirchmountRd. Scarborough,Ontario M1P2J7 Preface FocusonCanadaisaseriesofpublicationsportrayingthepeopleofCanada.The portraitisdrawnthroughtheanalysisofthedatacollectedbythe1991CensusofPopulation andHousing. Eachpublicationexaminesaspecificissueandprovidesademographic, social,culturalandeconomicperspective. Theauthorsofthisserieshavetakenspecialcaretomaketheiranalysisinformativeand easytoread.Theymakeuseofdescriptivegraphsanddatatablestomoreclearlyillustrate theinformation.Oftentheresultsarecomparedtopreviouscensuses,showinghowCanada andCanadianshavechangedovertime. ThepublicationswerepreparedbyanalystsatStatisticsCanada,andreviewedbypeers fromwithintheAgencyaswellasexpertsfromexternalorganizations.Iwouldliketoextend mythankstoallthecontributorsfortheirroleinproducingthisusefulandinteresting publication. IwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationtothemillionsofCanadianswhocompleted theirquestionnairesonJune4,1991. StatisticsCanadaisverypleasedtobeabletonow providethissummaryoftheresults.Ihopeyouenjoyreadingthisstudy-andtheothersin thisseries. IvanP.Fellegi ChiefStatisticianofCanada StatisticsCanada-CatalogueNo.96-317E EarningsofCanadians Contents Highlights 1 Introduction 3 Chapter1. Earnings:ImportanceandIncidence 5 ImportanceofEarnings 5 IncidenceofEarnings 7 Chapter2. AverageEarningsin1990 11 Age 11 MaritalStatus 14 WorkActivity 18 EducationandMajorFieldofStudy 20 Occupation 25 Chapter3. DistributionofEarningsin1990 29 SexandAge 29 WorkActivity 32 Chapter4. ChangesinEarnings:1970to1990 35 ProvincesandTerritories 36 StatisticsCanada-CatalogueNo.96-317E EarningsofCanadians 11 Contents(continued) WorkActivity 37 DistributionsbySex 42 AllWorkers 44 Full-year,Full-timeWorkers 45 Conclusion 47 Definitions 49 ListofTables 1. CompositionofTotalIncomeofIndividualsbySource,1990 6 1.2 Population15YearsandOverandPopulationWithEarningsbySex andAge,1990 8 2.1 AverageEarningsbySex,AgeGroupandWorkActivity,1990 12 2.2 AverageEarningsbySex,MaritalStatusandWorkActivity,1990 14 2.3 AverageEarningsofFull-year,Full-timeWorkersBySex,AgeGroup andMaritalStatus,1990 16 2.4 AverageEarningsbySex,WeeksWorkedandWorkIntensity,1990 19 2.5 AverageEarningsbySex,HighestLevelofSchoolingandWorkActivity, 1990 21 2.6 AverageEarningsofFull-year,Full-timeWorkerswithPostsecondary QualificationsbySex,MajorFieldofStudyandPresenceofUniversity Degree,1990 24 2.7 AverageEarningsbySex,MajorOccupationGroupandWorkActivity, 1990 26 3.1 DistributionofEarnersbySex,AgeGroups,WorkActivityand EmploymentIncomeGroups,1990 30 3.2 DistributionofEarnersbyWeeksWorked,WorkIntensityand EmploymentIncomeGroups,1990 31 4. AverageEarningsinConstant(1990)DollarsbyWorkActivityCanada, ProvincesandTerritories,1970,1980,1985and1990 38 4.2 NumberofEarnersandAverageEarningsinConstant(1990)Dollars bySexandWorkActivity1970,1980,1985and1990 40 StatisticsCanada-CatalogueNo.96-317E EarningsofCanadians Contents(concluded) 4.3 DistributionofEarnersbySex,WorkActivityandEmploymentIncome GroupsinConstant(1990)Dollars,1970,1980,1985and1990 43 ListofCharts 1.1 PercentageCompositionofTotalIncome,1990 6 1.2 IncidenceofEmploymentIncomebySexandAge,1990 9 1.3 PercentageDistributionofEarnersbySexandWorkActivity,1990 9 2.1 AverageEarningsofMenandWomenbyAge,1990 11 2.2 AverageEarningsofFull-year,Full-timeWorkersbySexandAge,1990 13 2.3 AverageEarningsofSingleandMarriedMenandWomenbyAge,1990 .... 17 2.4 AverageEarningsofMenandWomenWithandWithoutUniversityDegree byAge,1990 : 22 4.1 AverageEarningsinConstant(1990)DollarsbySex,SelectedYears 35 StatisticsCanada-ECaartnailnogguseoNfoC.a9n6a-d3i1a7nEs