Early Developing Personality Traits PDF
Preview Early Developing Personality Traits
PSYCHOLOGY LIBRARY EDITIONS: EMOTION Volume 3 TEMPERAMENT This page intentionally left blank TEMPERAMENT Early Developing Personality Traits ARNOLD H. BUSS AND ROBERT PLOMIN Psychology Press Taylor & Francis Group LONDON AND NEW YORK First published in 1984 This edition first published in 2015 by Psychology Press 27 Church Road, Hove BN3 2FA and by Psychology Press 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Psychology Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 1984 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-1-84872-780-9 (Set) eISBN: 978-1-315-73911-3 (Set) ISBN: 978-1-138-81664-0 (Volume 3) eISBN: 978-1-315-74570-1 (Volume 3) Publisher’s Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent. Disclaimer The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace. TEMPERAMENT: EARLY DEVELOPING PERSONALITY TRAITS ARNOLD H. BUSS University of Texas ROBERT PLOMIN University of Colorado LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES,P UBLISHERS 1984 Hillsdale, New Jersey London Copyright © 1984 by LawrenceE rlbaum Associates,I nc. All rights reserved.N o part of this book may be reproducedin any form, by photostat,m icroform, retrieval system, or any other means,w ithout the prior written permissiono f the publisher. LawrenceE rlbaum Associates,I nc., Publishers 365 Broadway Hillsdale, New Jersey0 7642 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Buss, Arnold Herbert, 1924- Temperament:e arly developingp ersonalityt raits. Bibliography: p. Includes indexes. 1. Temperament. 2. Personalityi n children. 3. Arousal (Physiology) 4. Emotions. I. Plomin, Robert, 1948- II. Title. BF798.B868 1984 155,4'13 84-13636 ISBN 0-89859-415-4 Printed in the United Stateso f America 10987654321 Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Evolution and Development 5 Evolution and Early Developing Traits 5 Culture and Early Developing Traits 10 Constitution and Early Environment 11 Continuity and Change 14 3. The Pediatric Approach 16 Description of the Measures 17 Evaluation of the Measures 19 Conceptual Issues 24 Individual Differences in Neonates 31 4. Arousal 32 Three Kinds of Arousal 32 Temperament as Affect 38 Reactivity and Self-Regulation 40 Temperament as "Behavioral Inhibition" 42 Arousal and Temperament 44 5. Emotionality 45 Inheritance 48 Emotionality as Distress 50 v vi CONTENTS Differentiation of Fear and Anger 50 Theory of Emotionality 54 Summary Comments 62 6. Sociability 63 Interaction Social Rewards 63 The Nature of Sociability 71 Infancy 73 Behavior with Peers 76 Shyness 77 Extraversion and Neuroticism 80 Concluding Remarks 82 7. Theory and Measurement of EAS 84 Definition and Criteria 84 Impulsivity 86 Influence of EAS on Environment 88 Measuring EAS 92 8. Behavioral Genetics 105 Major Methods 106 Genotype-Environment Correlation 109 Structural Models 110 Developmental Behavioral Genetics 111 Environment: Familial and Individual 111 Differential Heritability 112 Temperament-Environment Interaction 115 9. Heredity and the EAS Temperaments 118 Parental Ratings 119 Observations 131 Measures Other Than Ratings 138 Conclusions 139 10. Continuity, Environment, and the EAS 142 Continuity 142 Heritability and Stability 143 Stability of the EAS Temperaments 143 Environment 146 Individual Experiences 151 Temperament and Environment 153 11. Concluding Comments 155 Broad versus Narrow Temperaments 157 Future Directions 161 CONTENTS vii References 164 Author Index 177 Subject Index 183
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