Early Chinese Religion, Part 2: The Period of Division (220-589 AD) (2 Volume Set)

1585 Pages·2009·17.08 MB·English

by  J. Lagerwey

EARLY CHINESE RELIGION
HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES
SECTION FOUR
CHINA
edited by
STEPHEN F. TEISER, MARTIN KERN AND TIMOTHY BROOK
VOLUME 21–2
Early Chinese Religion
Part Two: Th e Period of Division (220–589 AD)
Edited by
John Lagerwey and Lü Pengzhi
VOLUME ONE
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2010
Cover illustration: Th e obverse and reverse of the Tian Liangkuan Buddho-Daoist stele,
sometime between 512–17. Photographed by Bai Bin. Rights Reserved.
Th is book is printed on acid-free paper.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Early Chinese religion / edited by John Lagerwey and Marc Kalinowski.
p. cm. — (Handbook of oriental studies. Section four, China, ISSN 0169-9520 ;
v. 21)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-90-04-16835-0 (v. 1 : hardback : alk. paper) 1. China—Religion—History.
I. Lagerwey, John. II. Kalinowski, Marc.
BL1803.E27 2008
299.5’10931–dc22
2008035404
ISSN 0169-9520
ISBN Set: 978 90 04 17585 3
ISBN Volume One: 978 90 04 17943 1
Copyright 2010 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, Th e Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing,
IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP.
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printed in the netherlands
CONTENTS
Volume One
Acknowledgements ............................................................................. ix
Chronology of dynasties and periods ............................................. xi
List of illustrations, maps, and tables .............................................. xiii
Maps ...................................................................................................... xix
Introduction ......................................................................................... 1
John Lagerwey
RELIGION AND THE STATE
State religious ceremonies ................................................................. 53
Chen Shuguo
Borrowing legitimacy from the dead: the Confucianization
of ancestral worship ....................................................................... 143
Keith N. Knapp
State religious policy .......................................................................... 193
Li Gang
Shamans and politics ......................................................................... 275
Fu-shih Lin
Th e return of the state: on the signifi cance of Buddhist
epigraphy and its geographic distribution ................................. 319
Liu Shufen
vi contents
RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES AND CONCEPTS
Communities
Seekers of transcendence and their communities in this
world (pre-350 AD) ....................................................................... 345
Robert Ford Campany
Community and daily life in the early Daoist church ................. 395
Terry Kleeman
Daoist stelae of the Northern Dynasties ......................................... 437
Zhang Xunliao
Buddhist monasticism ........................................................................ 545
John Kieschnick
Classifi cation, layout, and iconography of Buddhist cave
temples and monasteries ............................................................... 575
Li Yuqun
Volume Two
Scriptures
Translations, apocrypha, and the emergence of the
Buddhist canon ............................................................................... 741
Sylvie Hureau
Th e revelation and classifi cation of Daoist scriptures .................. 775
Wang Chengwen
Literature
Buddhism and literature .................................................................... 891
François Martin
Daoist verse and the quest of the divine ........................................ 953
Paul W. Kroll
contents vii
Spirits
Religious beliefs as refl ected in the funerary record ................... 989
Bai Bin
Images and ritual treatment of dangerous spirits ....................... 1075
Mu-chou Poo
Th e Buddhist pantheon ................................................................... 1095
Hou Xudong
Daoist pantheons .............................................................................. 1169
Stephen R. Bokenkamp
Rituals
Buddhist rituals ................................................................................. 1207
Sylvie Hureau
Daoist rituals ..................................................................................... 1245
Lü Pengzhi
Geography
Buddhist sacred geography ............................................................. 1353
James Robson
Daoist sacred geography .................................................................. 1399
Gil Raz
List of authors ................................................................................... 1443
Bibliography ....................................................................................... 1447
Index ................................................................................................... 1511

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Th e fi rst phase of the project that led to the present volumes was fi nanced
by the French Ministry of Education (2002–2006) and directed by John
Lagerwey on the subject “Rituels, panthéons et techniques: histoire de
la religion chinoise avant les Tang”. It culminated in a conference on
the same subject held in Paris 14–21 December 2006. Organized and
partly funded by the Centre de recherche sur les civilisations chinoise,
japonaise et tibétaine (UMR 8155) and the École Pratique des Hautes
Études, Section des Sciences Religieuses, this conference benefi ted
from generous grants from the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation for
International Scholarly Exchange and the American Council of Learned
Societies, the United Board for Christian Education, the Chinese Uni-
versity of Hong Kong, the International Institute for Asian Studies,
Brill Publishers, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifi que, the
École française d’Extrême-Orient, the École Normale Supérieure (rue
d’Ulm, Paris), and the Collège de France.
For help in fi nancing translations and preparation of the manuscript,
we are indebted to the Centre de recherche sur les civilisations chi-
noise, japonaise et tibétaine. A great debt is also owed our translators:
John Kieschnick, Keith Knapp, J.E.E. Pettit, Clarke Hudson, Tatiana
Boucabeille, Gil Raz, and John Lagerwey. To her tasks of compiling
the bibliography and index for the first set, Kimberly Powers has
added that of copy-editing for this one, and she has done it with the
same time-consuming determination to get it right. Th e debt all of us
owe her is incalculable. We also wish to express our appreciation to
Qin Weigang, who handled the transcriptions of Japanese titles, and
to Chang Hong, who has assisted greatly in checking the notes and
bibliography. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to the
authors, for their willingness to revise over and again and to accept
the badgering that goes with hewing to deadlines.
John Lagerwey
Lü Pengzhi