Durable and high strength concrete with 40% or more fly ash in place of cement

134 Pages·1991·9.3 MB·English

by  Joshi, R. C

DURABLE AND HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
WITH 40% OR MORE FLY ASH IN PLACE
OF CEMENT
CANADIANA
P - 1 1 99?
/dlbcrfa
MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS
Innovative Housing Grants Program

DURABLE AND HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
WITH 40% OR MORE FLY ASH IN PLACE
OF CEMENT
May 1991
Prepared by:
Prof. R.G. Joshi
Mr. M. Akkad-Salam
Dr. H. Wijeweera
Department of Civil Engineering
University of Calgary
The views and conclusions expressed and the
recommendations made in this report are entirely
those of the authors and should not be construed
as expressing the opinions of Alberta Municipal
Affairs.
With funding provided by
Alberta Municipal Affairs
ISBN: 0-88654-349-5
Printed on Recycled Paper

FOREWORD
The project documented in this report received funding under the Innovative
Housing Grants Program of Alberta Municipal Affairs. The Innovative Housing
Grants Program is intended to encourage and assist housing research and
development which will reduce housing costs, improve the quality and
performance of dwelling units and subdivisions, or increase the long term viability
and competitiveness of Alberta's housing Industry.
The Program offers assistance to builders, developers, consulting firms,
professionals, industry groups, building products manufacturers, municipal
governments, educational institutions, non-profit groups and individuals. At this
time, priority areas for investigation include building design, construction
technology, energy conservation, site and subdivision design, site servicing
technology, residential building product development or improvement and
information technology.
As the type of project and level of resources vary from applicant to applicant, the
resulting documents are also varied. Comments and suggestions on this report
are welcome. Please send comments or requests for further information to:
Innovative Housing Grants Program
Alberta Municipal Affairs
Housing Division
Research and Technical Support
16th Floor, CityCentre
10155 -102 Street
Edmonton, Alberta
T5J 4L4
Telephone: [phone]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The funds for this research were provided by Alberta Municipal Affairs, Housing
Division. Mr. Rex Adam, project manager, was very helpful in directing the focus of our
activities which would benefit Alberta citizens in particular, besides assisting in thorough
review of the report at various stages. His contribution is greatly appreciated.
Mr. M. Akkad-Salam conducted almost all the experiments. Dr. Harsha Wijeweera
scheduled and supported the experimental work. Although the skeleton of the report was
prepared by the first author, Mr. M. Akkad-Salam, Dr. Wijeweera, and Mr. Gopal Achari
filled in the details as directed. Further fundamental work (which was not part of this
project) is in progress to evaluate the sources of strength and durability development in
high fly ash concrete. Mr. Akkad-Salam will write his M.Sc. thesis on this project plus the
additional work.
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2015
https://archive.org/details/durablehighstrenOOjosh
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
List of Tables vi
List of Figures vii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY viii
L INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 General 1
1.2 Purpose of the study 1
1.3 Particular Aspects that Need Investigation 2
1.4 Scope and Focus of the Study 3
1.5 General Layout of the Report 4
2. FLY ASH AND ITS PROPERTIES 6
2.1 General 6
2.2 Physical Properties 6
2.2.1 Specific Surface Area and Fineness 7
2.2.2 Specific Gravity 8
2.2.3 Mineralogy 9
2.3 Chemical Composition 10
2.4 Reactivity 11
2.5 Types of Fly Ash 13
3. HIGH FLY ASH CONCRETE 15
3.1 General 15
3.2 High Strength Concretes 15
3.3 Use of Fly Ash in Concrete 16
3.4 Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Properties of Fresh Concrete 16
3.4.1 General 16
3.4.2 Effect of Fly Ash on the Setting Time of Fresh Concrete 17
3.4.3 Effect of Fly Ash. on Workability of Fresh Concrete 20
3.4.4 Effect of Fly Ash on Temperature Rise of Fresh Concrete 22
3.4.5 Effect of Fly Ash on Air-Entrainment in Fresh Concrete 22
3.5 Effect of Fly Ash on the Structural Properties
of Hardened Concrete 23
3.5.1 General 23
3.5.2 Effect of Fly Ash on Strength Development 23
3.5.2.1 Factors Influencing Strength Development 23
3.5.2.2 Effect of Fly Ash Type and Proportion
on Concrete Strength 23
iii