DTIC ADA574005: Combat, Sexual Assault, and Post-Traumatic Stress in OIF/OEF Military Women

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by  Defense Technical Information Center

AD_________________

Award Number: W81XWH-08-2-0080

TITLE: Combat, Sexual Assault, and Post-Traumatic Stress in OIF/OEF Military
Women

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Anne G. Sadler, R.N., Ph.D.

CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: Iowa City VA Research Foundation
Iowa City, IA 52246

REPORT DATE: January 2013

TYPE OF REPORT: Final

PREPARED FOR: U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: Approved for Public Release;
Distribution Unlimited

The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and
should not be construed as an official Department of the Army position, policy or decision
unless so designated by other documentation.
Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS.
1. REPORT DATE 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED
January 2013 Final 1 July 2008 – 31 December 2012
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER

Combat, Sexual Assault, and Post-Traumatic Stress in OIF/OEF Military Women 5b. GRANT NUMBER
W81XWH-08-2-0080
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER

6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER

Anne G. Sadler, R.N., Ph.D. 5e. TASK NUMBER

5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER

E-Mail: [email protected]
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT
NUMBER
Iowa City VA Research Foundation

Iowa City, IA 52246

9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)
U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012
11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT
NUMBER(S)

12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited

13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

14. ABSTRACT
(cid:3)
Please see next page.

15. SUBJECT TERMS

Military Women; Rape, Deployment, Combat, PTSD, Traumatic Brain Injury, Care Disparity
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
OF ABSTRACT OF PAGES USAMRMC
a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area
U U U UU 23 code)

4
Tabloef C ontents
Coverp age 1
.................................... ...•............................... .•....•........
ReportD ocumentatPiaogne 2
.............................................•...........•...
Tabloef C ontents 4
......•......... .........•..................•.•................•.............
Introduction 5
......................................................•............ ....•...•. .........
Body 5
•..•..............................•.•.•.............• ......••.•...•.•............•.. .•.•. ..••••
KeyR esearcAhc complishments 7
.........................•.... ............•. .............
ReportablOeu tcomes 9
.........................................•..............................
Conculsion 10
............... .......•.................................•..............................
Referenc.e.s. ......................................1.0. ............................................
.
Appendices 10
...........................................•.•.•.......• .......•...•.....•...•....•..•.
5
INTRODUCTION
Thep rimary gooaftl hsis st udwye rteoi dentthiaefn yt ecerdiesankntssd u bseqhueeanltt h
consequoefpn hcyessi acnasdle xuaasls a(uvlitc timiiznaa cttiicovonem) p onReengtu-lar
Milit(aRMr)Oy E F/OsIFe rvwiocmee nS.p ecificwaecl olmyp,a vriecdt imiaznaodtt ihoenr
endpo(ien.tpgso. s,t -trsaturmdeaistssio cr tdrearu,m bartaiiicjnn u riynf) o usru bgro1u)p s:
women deptloco oymebda t related2 )wr oemgeino ndse ptolonco coyeme;bd a t rreelgaitoends
morteh aonn c3e),w omedne plotyone odn -combato urtesgoiiftdo henUe sn itSetda t(eUsSa )n;d
4)w omenne vdeerp looyuetds oiftd heUe S .C ombraetg iwoinlbsle i denttioif niceldIu rdaeq
anAdf ghanistan.
Thisst uidnyv oltvweosd e quepnhtaisaPelhs a.s 1e r efitnhesedu j becitn teravniiden wv olved:
1)f ormatfiovcegu rso uwpists he gregmaatlaeend fd e maploep ulattogi eonnesr raitsfeka c tors
antdr auomuat comaens2d;) s ubseqrueefnitn eomfte hnsetc riipntteedr vPihaesw2e. i nvolav ed
cross-sescttudideoysn iauglsn i sntgr atriafineddso amm pltiocn ogm pl6e6t4ie n tervwiietwhs
RM wometnoi denctoimfpya rgirsoounop fvs e teraannadsc tive dumteym bseebrrysv ice
deploysmteanttOu nseh. u ndrUendi tSetda Mtiesl itAacrayd eTmrya ionfefdi wceerriesn cluded
int hsiasm ptloae d droefsfsi rciesarkn r de silfiaecntchoyer rse tofore Puhnas2std eua dtwiaae sd .
collebcyt ecdo mputert-ealsespihsotnee d( iCnAtTenTr.hv iicser wo ss-sedcetsiialoglnnoa wle d
ust og athesru bject inofnao s rimnagotlcieco ans ainoddne monsatsrsaotcei tahtamiatoy n s
provide eatrorl iys kc lfuaecastn ohdre sa ltfho r oouftv cioomleeesnx cpeo sures.
BODY
I. We havec ompletPehda s1eo ft hisst udy.
A totoaf1l 3 f ocgurso ufposPr h a1sw ee raec complished:
1. UnitSetda tAecsa demTyr ainfeedm alOeffi cer(s2 g roup1s0)-.1 8119-2008
2. OffutAti rF orce B(a4sge r ou1pm sa:l aen 1df emalOef fi1cm earl;ae n 1df emaElnel isted):
10-17-2009
3. McConneAlilrF orce B(as2ge r.o u1pf se:m ale aOnf1fdf i ecmearEl nel is1t1e/d1:4 /09
4. CedaRra pids/DavenlpAoa rrte,Va e teragnrso u(p2gs r ou1pm sal:e veteran Officer and
Enlisctoemdb in1ef de;m avleet eOrfafni acneEdrn listedc ogmrboiun2pe- d1.0:- 2010
5. ForLte onarWdo odA nny Base( 3g rou1pm sa:l Oef fi1cm earl,Ee n lis1tf eedm,aE lnel isted):
2-27-2010
6. Totasla mpfleo ra lflo cugsr oupwsa s4 9p articipants
a.1 3A cademTyra inefde maloeffi cers
b.2 2R egular Military women
c.1 4R egulP;fairl itmaeryn
Notbee:c aoufst eho en goidnigf fiicnou blttayi BnaisnCego mmandseurp ploertttr eerqsu ibrye d
HRPOf oalrl o ft hmei libtaasrieyds e ntfiofirin ecdl uisnti hosints u pdhya swees, u bmiatntde d
receipveerdm isfsrioHomRn P Ot oc ondfuocctgu rso uwpistA hr mVye terianon rsd teohr a vae
morree presesnatmaptolifpev ar et ici(ptahniatsats,s ampnloept r imacroimlpyo osfeA di Fro rce
6
servmiecmeb erFso)l.l owtihHniRgsP Oa pprotvhaaelb ,o vneo tfeodc gurso uwpesrc eo nducted
witArmhy Vetegrraonu fprsoth me C edarR apids/DavIeonpwaoarr eta,.
II. We havec ompletPehda s2e o ft hisst udy.
1.F ocugsr ouwpesrt er ansccroidbe(edud s,ic nogd idnigc tidoenvareyl obpye dr esearch
teaamn)ed n teirnetNdoV iv8o. f0o arn alysTihse.ir seo ngoiannga loysfci osd efdo cus
grotruanps crifpoutrss ie n c onferpernecsee ntaantpdia opnsesur b missions.
2.P ha2sC eo mpuAtsesri sTteelde phionntee rv(iCeAwTdsIe )v elopwmaescn otm pleted
usifnogc gurso iunpp ut.
3.V A anldo cIRBa lC ontinRueivnigae pwp rofvoParhl a s2we a sr ecei3v/e1d0 /11.
4.C ATIp rogrammainnbdge ttae stwienrcgeo mpleted.
5.D atsaa mpwlaesr eceifvreoDdmM DC Ap2r0i110.
6.I nterviweewrheeir rsme adn,d atVoAra yn IRBd intervtireawiecnroi mnpgl eted,
interviineiwrteeirva iloe fwC sA TwIi tfhe edbtaopc rko amgmrera ncdo -investigators.
7.H RPOa pprofvoaarll al s peocfPt hsa 2so ef t hsitsu rdeyc eiOvcetdo b1e,2r 0 10.
8.6 64c omputer-assisted telephone Ainna tdedrivti7ie5ow nsa l( CATI) completed.
intervwieercweos m plewtietAdhc ademy-tOrfafiinc(eefdrao ts ro toaf1l 0 0).
9.Q ualaistsyu rcaonmcpel eted.
10L.o c(aUln iveorfIs oiwtaayn Ido wCai tVyA )IRB approfvosartl u cdoyn tinrueivnige w
(CRo)b tai1n/e2d3 /2012.
11L.o cIRBa l approavlaolwn igt fhu ClRls ubmisssuibomni ttotH eRdP O7 /11/2012.
12C.R a cknowledgement fmreoHmmRo PrOar nedcuemi7 v/e1d3 /2012.
13B.e cauosfte h dee lawyees x periencetdoc ormepllaeottfePi dho an1s f eo cgurso uapnsd
compleoxfoi utdrya twae,r equeasntrdee dc eiavnee xdt entshianotonw h aJsa nu3ar1y,
201f3i ncaolm pletion.
14T.h iDso Dd atsaeh ta bse ecnl eaannesdda mpwleei ghctoimnpgl eted.
15T.h iDso Dd atsaeh ta bse ecno mbiwnietdh aic no -exidsattsiaenw tgi tthh sei sstteurd y
thatw asV Af undteocd o mparRee serve/NGautairdodan tsalae i tno rdteoar l low
extenosffi ionnd ings.
7
KEY RESEARCHA CCOMPLISHMENTS TO DATE
I. Deployweodm en( IraAqf/g hanistoarne lsewhewreer)ef ountdo h avea ne levatreids k
ofS A durinmigl itarseyr vi(cSeA IMc)o mparetdot hosnee vedre ployHeodw.e ver,
SAIMw asn otm orel iketlooy c cudru rinag d eploymeInn ats. ampolfOe E F/OIF
ReguMlialri taanradcy o mparsiasmopnol fRe e seravnNeda tioGnuaalrs de rvicewomen
(N=1 337o)n,oe r m orsee xuaasls awualset x peribeyn1 c8e%od fp articiWpoamnetwnsh .o
wereen listed,a td elpoelnaocsayetne, sdd e rviinRMn g wersei gnifimcoarlneit klteyol y
experiseenxcuaeas ls aautsl otm tei mdeu rinmgi listearrvy.i W chee nd eploylmoecnatt ion
wasc onsidrearpweead sm, o rlei kteolo yc cwuhre wno mewne rienn on-depsltoayteuds
thawnh idleep lo(y1e4dv% s 4 %)T.h icso ubledd uteo d uratoifso enr vaiswc oem ewnh o
werdee plowyeerdie nm ilitary signitfihcatanhn entiolrny - dleopnplgeoeeyr(re 9sdm3 o nths
vers7u2ms o nthPs .,<0 3). Dewpolmoewynee rdae l sloi kteolb yea l itotlldeme orr,e
likteolb yec ollsetgued eenvtemsra, rr iehda,vs ee rvienRMd solealnytd,o b ee nlisted
personInn aem lo.d el comspeaxruaiasnlsg a ult during bmydi elpitlaoryym en(tS AIM)
expostuhroews,he o w erSeA IM durinnogn -depsleoryvewidec rese i gnifimcoarlneit kleyl y
toh avsee rvienRMd bee nlisatnetddo h, a veex peripernec-emdi sleixtuaaalrs ys aausl t
,
signifirciasfnkat c toWrosm.e nSA IM durindge ploywmeernmeto rlei kteolh ya ve
experipernec-emdi sleixtuaaarslys aausal s ti gnifriicsfakan ctt oSArIsM.r emaian s
significpaunbtl hieca lctohn cefronrm ilitawroym en.
II. Characteriasstsioccsi awtietdsh e rviwcoem en'rse ceiopfct a rfeo llowsienxgu aasls ault
inm ilita(rSyA IMa)r ei dentifiaMbolsetw. o mend on'ste eSkA IMr elatceadr e.
Followsienxgua asls aiunml itl i(tSaArIMy) s,e rvicewweormseei ng nifimcoarlneit kleyl y
•
tor eporretc eivingh eamlectnahtrt aehl am ne diccaarl(e 2 6v%1 6%, p. 0<0 01).
Mosste rvwiocmee sne ekpionsgt -SmAeIMd iccaarlre e ceiivwtei dt h3i0dn a y(s9 7)%.
•
Mosste rvwiocmee sne ekpionsgt -SmAeIMn thaela lctahrr ee ceiivmteo drt eh aany ear
•
lat(e3r3) %.
Factaosrsso ciwaittmehed d iccaarlre e ceiinpctl ucdoemdp lesteexdua asls a(ualst
•
opposteoad t tempantdeo df)f icrieaplolrtySi AnIMg.
Factaosrsso ciwaittmehed n thaela lctahrr ee ceiinpctl uwdheidrt aec aeno, n -dSuAtIMy,
•
anodf ficrieaplolrySt AiIMn.g
Mosste rvwiocmee (n6 7%d)in do ste epko st-ScAaIrbMee caoufse em barrassment,
•
confidenctoinacleairnntspdy,e rceciarveeecdro nsequences.
o (Orparle sen1t,aM teinogne lsiunbgm imtatneuds cript)
III. Servicewocmaenni dentriifsyfk a ctofrosrg ender-bavsieodl enacnedc onsequent
copinbge havidourrsi ndge ployment.
Militwaroym efna cace o nstelolfca itricounm stthaapntuct teh se amtr isokfr apaen d
•
sexuhaalr asswmheindltee p lotyoce odm braetl ated areas.
o (Orparle sen2t)a tion
IV. Deployed Servicreewpoomurentni qubea rriearnsdf acilittaotm oernst ahle alctahr e
comparetdot heinro n-deplocyoeudn terparts.
Acticvoem ponweonmte wne rneom orlei kteolb yed eplotyheaRdne serve/National
•
Guard( p=.12)
Deplopyaerdt icwieprameno trlsei kteolk yn owwh erteor ecemievnet haela lth
•
counse(l9i3nv%8g 5 %) t;o b elimeevnet haelal tphr escricpotuiilondnt se rwfiettrhhe e ir
8
jopbe rforma(n4c8ve%4 0%p,< .0th1a)tt; h ewyo ulbdes eeansw eak( 38v% 29%),
p<.00b1u)lt;e slsi kteolb ye litehveeui nriw to ulldo sceo nfidientn hcee(m 4 9v%3 5%,
p<.0i0tf2h )e syo ugmhetn thaela lctahr e.
Halofft hodseep lotyoIre adqA /f ghanhiascdto annc etrnhsat th emiern thaela lctahr e
•
woulndor te macionn fidential.
Halsfa itdh ewyo ultda likn formwailtolhfy fO duhteyal thcaprreo viidtfeh rehsya ad
•
menthaela lctohn cdeurnr idnegp loyment.
Thosweh ob eliethveeicdra rweo ulndor te macionn fidweenrtmeio arlle i kteole yn dorse
•
presenapt hiynsgi ccoamlp ltaois neatep roviidnoe rrd teobr r iunpgm enthaela lth
conce(rn5s3 v%3 9%p,< .001).
o (Orparle sen3t)a tion
V. Officerasn dE nlistweodm enf romb otAhc tivCeo mponen(tA C)a ndR eserve/National
Guard( RNG)i dentitfiheedr olael cohpolla yisns exuaasls ault/harassimnte hnet
militabroyt,dh u rindge ploymeanntdss tateside.
Whilteh ewraesa c onseinnsa ugsr eemoentn htce o ntriobfui tnmi iolni atlacroyih no l
•
sexuaasls aaunlhdta rassmmiennodtri, f ferienpn ecrecse pbteitowneRseN nGa nAdC
servwiocmee wne rneo ted.
Stigrmeal attoae ldc ouhsowela sd iscuastgs reeda lteenrgb tyAh C thRaNnGs ervice
•
women.
Botghr ouipdse ntwiafyiosel dd seerr vwiocmee ant temtpotp erdo tyeocutn gfeerm ale
•
soldfireorvmsi ctimiazsastoicoiwnai ttaehld c ouhsoel.
o (Posptreers en1t)a tion
VI. Militahreya lctahr per ovidaerrtsi culuantieqdu bea rrietroas c cesscianrgae s a
functiooftn h eimri litraorlye .
Simiblaarrri weerrsee x prebsysb eodtA hc tivCaotmep onaennRdte serovrNe a tional
•
GuarOdf ficers.
Barriienrcsl u1d)pe udt:t oitnhgeb resf osree(l "fd ocatroersnsu' ptp otsone ede ddo ctors"
•
an"dw ea rteh lea pseto pwleet akcea roef '2))k; n owitnhgpe e rstohnat th ehya vteos eek
carfer o(m" sIt alalnesddt alalnesddt alalnefiddn alwleyno tv etrow omenh'esal tthh en
onoef t hneu rpsrea ctitIai lomnoensretsv s eeres ,oo ks hcea dno m yP ap"a)n;3d ) l ack
ofp rivoarrc yo loev erlwohaidbl eei anp ga tiwehnetsn e ekingc ahre(ea" lIth'hva medy
patiiennt thwsea itrionogsm t artta lktiomn ega bout mtehdeiipcrra olb lwehmisIl 'em
sitttihnewgra ei tfionmrgy [ menhteaall atphp]o intment").
o (Posptreers en2t ation
VII. Nearloyn ei nfi vew omeni nt heA C andR NG smokecsi gareatntdec sh aracteristic/risk
factofrosrs mokinagr ei dentifiable.
Approxim3a7t%oe fsl eyr vicehwaoadml einf ehtiismteoo fcr iyg aruestewt,ie t1 h8 %
•
reportings mcoukrirnegn.t
31%o fl ifestmiomkee irnsi tisamtoekdid nugr itnhgem iirl istearrvyi ce.
•
Indepencodrernetol fac tuerrses nmto kiinngc lupdaegydr adheo,u sehionlcdoh maev,i ng
•
as ervice-cdoinsnaebciitlleliddit rcyui,ogt ri llepgraels crmiepdtiicoanut sieao,nn d
takinmge dicaftoidroe np resasnixoinoe,trs y t,r (easpls< l 0 .05).
Haviannge nlipsatgyer da dper,e seonfac s ee rvice-cdoinsnaebcbiteleiidnt gy ,w hite,
•
anadh istoo:=:fr:y d 2e ploymweenratelsa l s sociwaittshet da rttosi mnogk deu ring
milistearryv (pi c<0e . 05).
9
REPORTABLEO UTCOMES
Oraplr esentuastiiDnoognD ds a ta:
1.M engelMi,nB go,o tBhM,,T omeJr,S, a dlAeGr.R, e portIinn-gm iliSteaxryu al
AssaualntdC urreMnetn taHle altofhO EFIOIAFc tiCvoem poneRnet,s ervaen,d
NationGaula rSde rvicewoOmreln,a nFLd,o J,u n2e4 -2260,1 .2 *
*AcadeHmeya l2t0h1C 2a rWoeli sm&a Gna rCyh asGee nder-RBeasseeadAr wcahr d
BesAtb strParcets etnoMt iecdh eMlelneg elPihn.gD,.
2.C heneAyM,,B ootBhM,,M engelMi,nT go,m eJr,S, a dlAeGr.N, a vigating
DiscriminSaptaocrye Sse:r viwcoem en'sst rategtioek se episnfage a ndh ealtwhhyi le
deployPerde. seanttt heSedo cifeotAryp plAinetdh ropology,M DB,Ma alrtcihm ore,
27-3210,1 2.
3.M engelMi,nB go,o tBhM,,T omeJr,S, a dlAeGr.O, E FIOIMFi litary Servicewomen's
BarrietroMs e ntaHle althcDaerpel:o yme&n Ptr ovidEeffre ctIsn. ternatSioocniaelt y
th
foTrr aumaSttirceS stsu dIiSeTsS2 S8 AnnuMaele tiLnogAs, n gelCeAs,,
Novemb1e-r32 ,0 12.
PostPerre sentuastiiDnoognD ds a ta:
1.C retzmMe,yR eeri siHnSg,Me ern gelMiAn,Bg o otBhM ,T omeJrC& SadlAeGr.I nt heir
ownw ordsS:e rviwcoem en'pse rceptoifot nhser oloefa lcohionsl e xuaasls auilntt h e
th
militaWryo.m enH'esa l1t9hA nnuCaoln grWeasssh,i ngDtCo,An p,r i2l0,1 1.
2.M engelMiAn,Cg r etzmMe,yB eoro tBhM ,T omeJrC& SadlAeGr.O EF/OIAFc tive
ComponeanntdR eserve/NatGiuoanraFdle malHee altCha rPer ovideBra'rsr ietroCs a re.
th
WomenH'esa l1t9hA nnual CongressD,C ,AW parsi2hl0i,1n 1g.t on,
SubmiMtatneuds crusiipDntogsD D ata:
• MengelMiAn,Bg o otBhM ,T omeJrC &, SadlAeGr( 201P2o)s.t -SAesxsuaaHulel atl th
Caref oOrE F/OSIFe rvicewWohmoeS ne:eC kasr aen Wdh yM osDto n't.
• VandWeerg M W,M engelMiAn,Bg o otBhM ,T omeJrC &, SadlAeGr ( 2012).
PrevalaennCdco err elaotfCe isg arSemtotkeia nmgo nOgp eraItriaoFqnri e edaonmd-
OperaEtnidounr Firnege domS-eerrvai cewomen.
ManuscriinPp rtesp aruastiiDnoognD D ata:
• SadlAeGr,M engelMiAn,Tg o meJrC C,o oBkL ,B ootBhM .I mpacoftD eploymeonnt
Sexual AsisnAa cutlitCv oem poneanntd R eserve/NatGiuoanraSdle rvicewomen
• MengelMiAn,Bg o otBhM ,T omeJrC S,a dlAeGr.R eportiinnM gi litSaeryx uAasls ault:
OutcomDeif ferenacnedsR eportSiantgfi asction.
• VandWeerg M W,M engelMiAn,Bg o otBhM ,T omeJrC S,a dlAeGr.I mpacoftT rauma
typea ndt imionngC igareStmtoek inignM ilitWaorym en.
10
• ChenAMe,y BootBhM ,R eisiHnSg,Te orm eJrC S,a dlAeGr.W aysW omenC opeD uring
Deployment.
McClaMi,Rn e isiHn,gY eoru nBg,M engelMiAn,Bg o otBhM ,T omeJrC S,a dlAeGr.
•
TheM ilitEanryv ironmaenndSt e xuAasls auilnSt e rvicemen.
• TomeJr,M engelMiAn,Jg o hnsSo,Cn o,o kB,,S adlAeGr.T raumaBtriaci Inn juiryn
Deployveedr sNuosn -DeploAycetdi Cvoem poneanntd R eseravned N ationGaula rd
OEFIOISFe rvicewomen.
CONCLUSIONS
Deplowyoemde (nIr aAqf/g hanoirse tlasne whweerrfeeo) u tnodh avaene levartiesodkf
•
SAd urimnigl istearrvy(i ScAeIM c)o mparteodt honseev deerp loHyoewde.v SeArIM,
wasn omto rlei kteolo yc cduurr iand ge ployment.
Charactearsissotciiwcaistts ehed r vwiocmee nr'esc eoifcp atrf eo llosweixnugaa sls aiunl t
•
mili(tSarAyIM ar)e i dentiMfoisawtbo lmee.dn o ns'ete SkA IM relactaerde .
DeploSyeerdv icewroempeounrn ti qbuareir earnsfd a cilittoma etnothraesla lctarhe
•
compatroet dh eniorn -depcloouynetde rparts.
Thearrese i milaraintddii efsf erbeentcweeAseC na nRdN Gp ercepotfai locnosah sao l
•
risfka cftooSrrA IM.
Milithaeraylc tahrp er oviadretrisc uulnaitqbeuaderr iteora sc cescsariean sga f unctoifo n
•
themiilri traorlye .
Nearloyn ien f ivweo meinnt hAeC a nRdN Gs mokceisg arientt htsietssu sdaym palned
•
characterfiascttifocorssrs/m roiksiaknri ged entifiable.
REFERENCED
APPENDICES
LisotfP ersonnel
Abstrfaocrt:s
1.M engelMi,nB go,o tBhM,,T omeJr,S, a dlAeGr.R, e portIinn-gm iliSteaxryu al
AssaualntdC urreMnetn taHle altofhO EFIOIAFc tiCvoem poneRnets,e rvea,n d
NationGaula rSde rvicewoOmreln,a nFLd,o J,u n2e4 -2260,1 .2 *
*AcadeHmeya l2t0h1C 2ar oWle ism&a Gna rCyh asGee nder-RBeasseeadAr wcahr d
BesAtb strParcets etnoMt iecdh eMlelneg elPihn.gD,.