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DETENTION OPERATIONS IN A COUNTERINSURGENCY MAJ Mike Kuhn US Army & USMC COIN Center United States Army Combined Arms Center 1 Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED 2009 2. REPORT TYPE 00-00-2009 to 00-00-2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Detention Operations in a Counterinsurgency 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION U.S. Army Combined Arms Center,Fort Leavenworth,KS,66027 REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S) 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT 15. SUBJECT TERMS 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF ABSTRACT OF PAGES RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE Same as 17 unclassified unclassified unclassified Report (SAR) Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 Why talk about Detention Operations in COIN? United States Army Combined Arms Center 2 “The mistreatment by soldiers at Abu Ghraib in the fall of 2003 was documented in photographs and videos showing naked detainees being frightened, beaten and forced into humiliating sexual positions. President Bush ultimately apologized for the abuses, which military leaders acknowledge helped fuel the insurgency in Iraq.” “U.S. Prisons in Iraq Nearly Full With Rise in Insurgent Arrests”, Washington Post, 21 JAN 05 United States Army Combined Arms Center 3 CARE AND CUSTODY WITH DIGNITY AND RESPECT “What sets us apart from our enemies in this fight... is how we behave. In everything we do, we must observe the standards and values that dictate that we treat noncombatants and detainees with dignity and respect. While we are warriors, we are also all human beings." GEN Petraeus 10 MAY 2007 Memo to MNF-I United States Army Combined Arms Center 4 Topics • Definitions • COIN Concepts in Detention Operations • Tactical Site Exploitation • Operations By, With, and Through HN SF • Questions & Feedback United States Army Combined Arms Center 5 Definitions EEPPWW Clearly identified as a member of the opposing forces e.g., wearing a uniform or possessing other specific identification as the OPFOR EEnneemmyy CCoommbbaattaanntt Used to define the status of what the US considers to be unlawful combatants e.g.Al Qa’eida SSeeccuurriittyy DDeettaaiinneeee:: Identified as a security threat to US or other partner nation forces, ie; killing or attempting to assault or kill coalition forces, etc… CCrriimmiinnaall DDeettaaiinneeee:: Identified as committing a crime against the host nation people/government. United States Army Combined Arms Center 6 How does Det Ops fit into COIN? KILL OR CAPTURE TO SUPPORT RULE OF LAW PROVIDE SECURITY AAccttiivvee AAccttiivvee GGoovv’’tt GGoovv’’tt UUnnccoommmmiitttteedd SSyymmppaatthheettiicc ttoo IInnssuurrggeenntt SSuuppppoorrttss ooff SSuuppppoorrtteerrss SSyymmppaatthhiisseerrss oorr nneeuuttrraall iinnssuurrggeennttss FFiigghhtteerrss iinnssuurrggeennttss Consolidate Persuade Deter Marginalize and Protect Dissuade or Defeat Strengthen United States Army Combined Arms Center 7 RAND Study done for TF 134 MAY 2008 United States Army Combined Arms Center 8 Detention Operations LOOs INSURGENT INFORMATION OPS INSURGENT Security PASSIVE Care and Custody Visitation (Family) GOV’T Reconciliation Efforts SUPPORT PASSIVE Isolation of Extremists Quality of Life (Facilities) GOV’T SUPPORT United States Army Combined Arms Center 9