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Order Code RL30957 SRC tropeR rofssergnoC WebCRS the throRuegche ived Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990 Updated January 30, 2002 yelrihS .AnaK Specialist in National Security Policy Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service (cid:152)(cid:152) The Library of Congress Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 30 JAN 2002 N/A - 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress 101 REPORT NUMBER Independence Ave., SE Washington, DC 20540-7500 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S) 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release, distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT 15. SUBJECT TERMS 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF ABSTRACT OF PAGES RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE SAR 14 unclassified unclassified unclassified Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 :nawiaT rojaM .S.U smrA selaS ecniS0991 Summary sihT SRC R trope sessucsid .S.U smra selas ot ,nawiaT ro cilbupeR foanihC (ROC), gnidulcni ycilop seussi rof ssergnoC dna current .noitalsige l ehTnawiaT snoitaleR tcA (TRA), P.L. 96-8, sah denrevog U.S. smra selas to nawiaT ecnis 1979, nehw eht detinU States dezingocer eht s’elpoeP cilbupeR fo anihC (PRC) daetsni fo eht .COR erehT era owt rehto tnaveler stnemele fo eht eno“ ”anihC :ycilopeht tsuguA 17, 1982 U.S.-PRC tnioJ euqinummoC dna eht xiS“ A ssurances” made to .nawiaT ,14303LR tropeR SRC ees ,ycilop no erom roF( China/Taiwan: Evolution of the “One China” Policy – Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei.) eehttipseD laiciffonu ne eebv anhawi aosTtel assm r.aS .,Usnoital eferorutan .tnacifingis nI noitidda ot srefsnart fo ,erawdrah eht detinU setatS sahdednapxe yratilim segnahcxe htiw nawiaT retfa eht s’CRP elissim sesicrexe ni 1995-1996, dna .sde eensnef esd’nawi afsTotnemsses sdaetcudn oycldetrop es ranhogatn eePht For 2001, nawiaT-.S.U launna smra selas sklat koot ecalp no lirpA.42 gnidroccA to eht n oitartsinimdA dna suoirav swen reports, tnediserP George .W hsuB devorppa s’nawiaT request :rof cirtcele-leseid senirambus pahrep( s a German or hctuD ngised htiw U .S. ,)ygolonhcet 3-P emi teinriarmambus-itna/hctrfaaerscria deknil( to eht enirambus ,)elas 4 denoissimmoced U. .S ssalc-ddiK ,sreyortseddna other .smeti eH osla derrefed lavorppa rof deppiuqe-sigeA sreyortsed dnarehto .stseuq erreh tgoniyn eedli h,wsmeti lareveS ycilop seussi era fo nrecnoc to .ssergnoC eht snrecnoc eussi ycilop enO ssenevitceffe fo eht noitartsinimdA ni gnitsissa s’nawiaT ,esnefed sa ti secafeht s’elpoeP noitarebiL ymrA s’)ALP( elissim ylira m,isrnpoitisi u sqpdmcunradaa liub morf .aissuR rehtonA eussi si eht elor fo ssergnoC ni gninimreted smra selasot .nawiaT ecalper ot woh si ,1002 ,42 lirpA no hsuB tnediserP yb desiar ,eussi driht A . nawi ahTt iswkl astm rlaaun n fasoseco repht sihT C SR trope Rsedulcnoc htiw a tsil fo selas fo rojam esnefe dselcitradna secivres to ,nawiaT sa devorppa yb eht ,tnediserP proposed ni Letters fo reffO dna ,ecnatpeccA dna deifiton to ssergnoC ecnis 1990. desaB no deifissalcnu,seciton reports, dna ,sweivretni siht tsil sedulcni eht date fo ,noitacifiton rojam meti proposed .egakc aepsnef ee d hfetoul advetamit sd en,ael arsof Contents ycil o.PS.U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 stnemeta tySciloP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 tnemer us crsfoomortrPaAc iddanoIrB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 stnemssess Adn asegnahcx EyratiliM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 sel asSm rr Aosflavorp ptAsetaL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 noit clAanoissergn odC nsaeus syIciloP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 sela SsmrA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 sserg nefoloCoR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 sseco rsPkl asTmrA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 noitalsig etLnerruC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 secivr edS nsaelcit reAsnef e.DS .rUoj a fMsoelaS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1990Since Sales Arms U.S. Major Taiwan: U.S. Policy sihT SRC Report sessucsid U.S. smra selas to ,nawiaT or peR cilb ufoanihC (ROC), gnidulcni ycilop seussi rof .ssergnoC tI osla stsil selas fo rojamesnefed selcitra dna secivres to ,nawiaT sa devorppa yb eht ,noitartsinimdA p roposed in Letters fo reffO dna ,ecnatpeccA dna deifiton t o Congress since 1990. Based on deifissalcnu ,seciton reports, dna ,sweivretni siht tsil sedulcni eht date fo ,noitacifiton .egakc aepsnef ee dhfetoul advetamit sd en,ael ar sodfesopo rmpe triojam Policy Statements ,)AR Tt (csAnoital enRawi aeThT P.L. 96-8, sah denrevog U.S. smra selas to nawiaT ecnis 1979, nehw eht detinU setatS dezingocer eht s’elpoeP cilbupeRfo anihC (PRC) daetsni fo eht .COR ekam lliw setatS detinU eht“ taht setats )a(3 .ceS elbaliava to nawiaT hcus esnefed selcitra dna esnefed secivres ni hcus ytitnauq sa yam yrassece neb to elbane nawiaT to niatniam a tneiciffus esnefed-fles ”.ytilibapac Sec. )b(3 setalupits that both eht tnediserP dna eht ssergnoC llahs enimreted eht nature dna ytitnauq fo hcus esnefed selcitra dna secivres desab ylelos upon rieht tnemgduj fo eht n sdee fo .nawiaT ehT ART tes pu eht naciremA etutitsnI ni nawiaT ,)TIA(a pnon tifor ,noitaroproc ot eldnah eht laiciffonu pihsnoitaler htiw .nawiaT TIA stnemelpmi ycilop sa detcerid yb eht stnemtrapeD fo esnefeD and State, and the .esu oeHti heW h ftloicnu oyCtiruc elSanoitaN erehT era two other stnemele fo eht eno“ ”anihC ycilop tnaveler to eus seiht fo smra selas to .nawiaT nI ,2891 tnediserP nagaeR deussi eht tsuguA 71tnioJ euqinummoC on gnicuder smra selas to ,nawiaT but he also stated that those sales lliw eunitnoc ni ecnadrocca htiw eht ART dna htiw eht lluf noitatcepxe that eht s’CRP hcaorppa to eht noituloser fo eht nawiaT eussi lliw eb .lufecaep tahw ot gnirrefer nI evah neeb nwonk ev ashrekam- ycil o.pS .,Uiepi a oTetd a”msecnarus sxAi Se“ hsta dias th at, in 1982, Washington did not agree to set a date for ending arms sales to r onnawiaT to tlusnoc htiw gnijieB ”secnarus sxAi S e“. hnTawi a oTstel assm rnao .A Re Thetsiv eot rtognnieer gfe aondoedulc noisla 1 Broad Indicators of Arms Procurement morF ediwdlrow sources, gnidulcni eht detinU States, nawiaT deviecer $21 noillib ni smra seireviled ni eht raey-8 doirep morf 3991 ot 0002 – htiwnawiaT deknar 2 nd dniheb iduaS aibarA gnoma gnidael stneipicer ni eht gnipoleved .dlrow fO 1 For erom no ,ycilop ees CRS tropeR RL30341, China/Taiwan: Evolution of the “One China” Policy – Key Statements From Washington, Beijing, and Taipei.n ayKelri hy,Sb 2-SRC that tota l , nawiaT deviecer $5.6 noillib ni smra ni 1993-1996, dna $15.4 noillib ni 1997-2000. 2 sA rof U.S. smra srefsnart ot ,nawiaT yeht evah neeb tnacifin geitsipsedeht laiciffonu nature fo .snoitaler seirevileD fo .S.U esnefed selcitra dna secivresot nawiaT totaled $4 noillib ni eht 1993-1996 ,doirep dna $7.6 illib o n ni 1997-2000, gniknar tsrif gnoma naisA .stneipicer iduaS dniheb( driht deknar nawiaT ,ediwdlroW aibarA dna )tpygE ni 1993-1996, dna dnoces dniheb( iduaS Arabia) in 1997-2000. .secivr eds nsaelcit reasnef e.dS . nUnioill i2b. 1d$eviec enrawi a,T00 0n2I 3 Military Exchanges and Assessments nI noitidda to srefsnart fo ,erawdrah gninnigeb retfa snoisnet ni eht nawiaT Strait ni 1995-1996, eht notnilC noitartsinimdA ylteiuq dednapxe eht evitisnesyratilim pihsnoitaler htiw nawiaT to slevel detnedecerpnu ecnis 1979. segnahcxe red4aorb ehT yldetroper evah desaercni attention to fos“ t ware,” g nidulcni snoissucsid over strategy, ,gniniart ,scitsigol dnammoc dna control, dna snalp ni eht tneve fo na attack morf eht PRC. snrecnoc .S.U yb detpmorp neeb evah ot dias erew segnahcxe desaercni esehT over woh llew nawiaT sah dedargpu sti seitilibapac to dnefed .flesti .W egroeG ehT hsuB noitartsinimdA sah deraeppa to eunitnoc eht .segnahcxe .S.U retfa ,1002 yluJ nI dna nawiaT aidem reported on a nawiaT-.S.U yratilim gniteem ni ,yeretnoM ,AC eht d ete larnaheoethgvtaetrneP evah yratili mnawia Th ti w799 1ecni ssgnitee m7neeb seitirohtua o ts“s uscesu isndsoi iftoc adrnea tsnniaem yb hcihw o tedivo rrpofeht ”.nawi a fTeosnefed 5 ehT nogatneP sah osla conducted sti nwo sa stnemsses fo s’nawiaTesnefed .sdeen nI rebmetpeS ,9991 ot ecnahne ,noitarepooc a nogatneP maet saw diasot evah detisiv nawiaT to ssessa sti ria nefed se capability. 6 ehT nogatnePyldetroper detelpmoc sti deifissalc tnemssessa ni yraunaJ 2000, gnidnif a rebmun fo smelborp ni eht nawiaT s’yratilim ytiliba to dnefed tsniaga ,tfarcria citsillab ,selissim dna esiurc ,selissim dna those smelborp dedulcni lanoitanretni ,noitalosi etauqedani ,ytiruces dna 2 CRS tropeR RL31083, Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1993-2000, August 16, 2001.ttemmi r.dGFrahc iy,Rb 3 CRS tropeR RL31113, U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1993-2000, rebmetpeS 5, 2001, yb drahciR ,ttemmirG pmoc deli morf .S.U ,laiciffo .)ACS Dy(cne gnAoitarepo oyCtiruc eeSsnef eeD h ytdbetrop e sraat addeifissalcnu 4 , nnaM ,miJ “U.S. Has ylterceS dednapxE yratiliM seiT htiw ”,nawiaT LA Times, ,y4l2uJ 1999; Kurt M. llebpmaC remrof( ytupeD tnatsissA yraterceS fo esnefeD rof naisA dna cificaP )sriaffA dna kereD J. ,llehctiM “Crisis ni eht nawiaT Strait?”, Foreign Affairs, tsuguA/yluJ 2001. 5 China Times (Taiwan)y l,uJ 18, 2001; Washington Times, yluJ 18, 2001; ftonemtrapeD .10 0,2 9y1l u,Jgnifei rsBw eeNsnefeD 6 “U.S. yratiliM maeT sevirrA ni nawiaT rof ”,tisiV Lien-ho Pao [United Daily News], .tpeS , 9,1999 1ni FBIS. 3-SRC prahs ecivres-retni .seirlavir detcudnoc yldetroper nogatneP eht ,70002 rebmetpeS nI a deifissalc mssessa tne fo s’nawiaT lavan esnefed sdeen – sa eht notnilC noitartsinimdA dah desimorp ni lirpA 2000 elihw gnirrefed a elas fo deppiuqe-sigeA destroyers. taht dnuof evah ot dias saw ”,noitazinredoM lavaN nawiaT“ ,troper ehT s’nawiaT yvan dedeen eht sigeA radar ,metsys ssalc-ddiK destroyers, ,senirambus na enirambus-itna underwater ranos ,yarra dna P-3 enirambus-itna .tfarcria 8yraunaJ nI 2001, a nogatneP maet yldetroper denimaxe s’nawiaT dnammoc dna control, ria ecrof ,tnempiuqe dna esnefed tsniaga a tsrif.ekirts 9 nI rebmetpeS ,1002 aesnefeD tnemtrapeD maet saw dias to eb ni nawiaT to ssessa sti army, as the Bush .skl astel assm r fadonu o1r0 0l2ir peA h ntdiesimo rnpoitartsinimdA 10 Latest Approvals for Arms Sales For 2001, smra selas sklat took ecalp on lirpA 24 ni hsaW ington, DC, and nawiaT saw detneserper yb sti eciV feihC fo lareneG ,ffatS lareneG houH .hey-uohS gnidroccA to eht n oitartsinimdA dna suoirav swen reports, 11 tnediserP hsuB devorppa s’nawiaT request :rof cirtcele-leseid senirambus spahrep( a namreG or hctuD ngised htiw U.S. )ygolonhcet , 3-P en iermaimtbiursa-m ittfnaar/chrciraaes deknil( oteht enirambus ,)elas Mark-48 enirambus-itna torpedoes, Harpoon tna ipihs- ,selissim 6A901M nidalaP delleporp-fles ,sreztiwoh 1A7-VAA suoibihpma ssa tlua,selcihev esnefed-fl e0s5-ELA/NA pods ,4 o.s slrAetpocil eghnipeews-en id mn,a)s61 -rFof( denoissimmoced lc-ddiK a ss sreyortsed (not requested sa ,SMF but deredisnoc sa ssecxE esnefeD selcitrA (EDA)) erew approved. devorppa osla noitartsinimdA ehT .elissi mesnefe delissi mretaeh treit-rewo l3-CA Peh tf ognifeir ba derrefeD rof lavorppa erew sreyortsed deppiuqe htiw eht sigeA tabmoc .metsys ehT( U.S. yvaN yltnerruc syolped eht sigeA tabmoc metsys (e.g., on eht hgielrA ssalc-ekruB destroyer) rof ria esnefed dna seilppa ti ni tnempoleved fo a erutuf yvaN elissim esnefed s .metsy neAvitanret loat eht hgielr AekruB taht sniater ehtsigeA D1-ypS radar, dellac eht devlovE decnavdA tabmoC metsyS (EACS), or sigeA“ ”,etil sah neeb ).deredisnoc d eolr sar rlveeoAofrf re e2pdswApm 1aanMerilbatAmtab sknat dna D46-HA ehcapA wobgnoL attack ,sretpocileh gnidnep a nogatneP 7 ,skciR ,samohT nawiaT“ neeS as elbarenluV ot ”,kcattA Washington Post, hcraM 31, 2000. 8 Tsao, ,aidaN nogatneP“ tropeR Says nawiaT naC eldnaH ”,SIGEA Taipei Times, .tpeS 27, 2000; leahciM ,nodroG terceS“ U.S. ydutS sedulcnoC nawiaT sdeeN weN ”,smrA New York Times , lirpA ,1.1002 9 China Times ,)nawiaT( yraunaJ ,41 ;1002 Taipei Times, January 15, 2001. 10 .10 0, 20r1ebmetp e,S)nawia Ts(em iiTepi aT 11 etihW ,esuoH sserp ,gnifeirb lirpA 24, 2001; tnemtrapeD fo ,esnefeD swen ,gnifeirb lirpA hss iu,Br“eg ndaiSvaD;1 0,0422 ”,ts eeB htt o tN u,Bsm reAm oeSsenawi agTnireffO New York Timesneve t;S10 0, 24l2ir p,A nosfuM dna fyoteir at VeonGtawia T,“knabl iaMnaD ”,smrA Washington Post, lirpA 24, 2001; lieN gniK ,.rJ hsuB“ srefeD elaS fo sigeAot ,nawiaT lliW reffO Four ssalC-ddiK ”,sreyortseD Wall Street Journal, lirpA 24, 2001; “U.S. sesufeR nawiaT tseuqeR rof ,MADJ ,MRAH dna 3-CAP ”,selissiM Aerospace Daily, lirpA 25, 2001; dna “U.S. yllamroF smrofnI ROC fo smrA selaS ”,noisiceD Central News Agency ,l)i nr,.ap51wA20i0a2T( 4-SRC tnemssessa fo s’nawiaT .ymra tc e t rsnritioDsofeJ uqeR Attack snoitinuM )MADJ( .dein eedr esweliss inmoitaidar-it nMaR AdHna Policy Issues and Congressional Action s’A LeP hetcniS evitacovorp ,699 1dn a599 1n isehcnua lelissi mdn asesicrexe ssergnoC sah y lgnisaercni detressa sti elor siv-a-siv eht noitartsinimdA ni gninimreted smra selas ot ,nawiaT sa detalupits yb noitceS )b(3 fo eht ,ART sa llew sani gnisicrexe sti thgisrevo fo eht ,ART gnidulcni noitceS 2(b)(6) on eht U.S. yticapac to tsiser yna r trose ot ecrof ro rehto smrof fo noicreoc tsniaga .nawiaT yciloPseussi retnec on woh ylevitceffe eht noitartsinimdA si gnipleh s’nawiaT ,esnefed eht elor fo ssergnoC ni gninimreted smra selas to iaT ,naw dna woh ot esiver eht launnasmra .ssec osreplas Arms SalnoitartsinimdAe eht fo ssenevitceffes eht snrecnoc eussi ycilop. enO ni gnitsissa s’nawiaT ,esnefed sa ti secaf eht s’elpoeP noitarebiL ymrA s’)ALP( elissim .aissu Rmor fyliramir p,snoitisiuqc asmr adn apudliub 12 nI t h e 105 ht ,ssergnoC eht 9991YF lanoitaN esnefeD noitazirohtuA tcA (P.L. 105-261) deriuqer eht yraterceS fo esnefeD to yduts eht U.S. elissim esnefed smetsys that dluoc protect dna dluoc eb derrefsnart to ,napaJ South Korea, dna .nawiaT 13 nI ,noitidda eht ecnerefnoc report (H.Rept. 105-746 fo eht 1YF 999 Defense snoitairporppA Act, P.L. 105- 262) required a report from the Pentagon on the .smr odfeifissalc ndu ndaeifissa lhct o nb,itiar tnSawi aeT h ntnioitaut iystiruces 14 nI eht 106 ht ,ssergnoC srebmeM detabed htehw re eht dessap-esuoHnawiaT“ ytiruceS tnemecnahnE tcA (TSEA)” (S. ;396 H.R. 1838) saw dedeen to better tsissa T nawia or saw yrassecennu dna counterproductive ni a etaciled ,noitautis a s the ilC notn noitartsinimdA .deniatniam ehT AEST osla desaercni noitnetta ot-.S.U nawiaT tilim yra ,segnahcxe gnidulcni taht no noitacinummoc dna .gniniart ehT .egas s sa ttphoignuoh t,lla l eitfhbiotr i epdhsettrop peu vsdoa ithnsaoisgatneP 15 12 eeS CRS tropeR 97-391, China: Ballistic and Cruise Missiles, yb yelrihS ,naK dna CRS opeR rt RL30700, China’s Foreign Conventional Arms Acquisitions, yb yelrihS ,naK .ekruoR ’dOlan odR n,amockl orBehpotsirhC 13 mtrapeD tne fo ,esn etfreoDpeR“ ot ssergnoC no reta eehlTis seeirsMuntecfeetDihcrA snoitpO rof ,9730 3LR etrhopteR SRC ;9991 yaM ,noisrev deifissalcnu ”,noigeR cificaP-aisA Missile Defense Options for Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan: A Review of the Defense Department Report to Congress, rebmevoN 30, 1999, yb treboR D. yeuhS ye. l ArdinhaS .naK 14 tnemtrapeD fo ,esnefeD tropeR“ ot ssergnoC Pursuant t s,nlo lioitBa ier hp9to9rYpFpA ehT ytiruceS noitautiS ni eht nawiaT Strait,” deifissalcnu ,noisrev yraurbeF 1, 1999; CRS tropeR RS2018 7, Taiwan’s Defense: Assessing the U.S. Department of Defense Report, “The Security Situation in the Taiwan Strait,” li r,,.p09 rA39 te9yrt1betbuoSR 15 nevetS M. nietsdloG dna lladnaR revirhcS remrof( ciffo lai ni eehctif ffOotn aethstissA erceS y:rpa it, h ) ys ls eftnearnhoi osniiTrninoaauAteift c“aftfrreleaAeoSeDncfRrneUtnI ”,t csAnoital enRawi ae Thd tn,anawi a,Tseta tdSetinU China Quarterly, March 2001. 5-SRC ,oslA gnikees erom noitamrofni morf eht nogatneP no hcihw ot esabsti ,snoitaredisnoc ssergnoC dessap eht 0002YF lanoitaN esnefeD noitazirohtuAtcA (P.L. 106- 6 5), gniriuqer launna reports on CRP yratilim power dna eht ytiruces noitautis ni eht nawiaT Strait. 16 r onfoitalsig eslnoitairporp pdaetadilosn o nc,io s lA FY2000 (P.L. 106-113), ssergnoC deriuqer a report on eht lanoitarepo gninnalp fo eht tnemtrapeD fo esnefeD to tnemelpmi eht ART dna yna spag ni egdelwonk about .tiart Snawia Teh tn iecnala byratili meh tgnitceff asnoitnetn idn aseitilibapa cCRP 17 nI eht 107 ht noC ,sserg emos srebmeM desoppo eht elas fodeppiuqe-sigeA hgielrA ssalc-ekruB destroyers, esuaceb yeht dluoc eb deterpretni sa evisneffo rather naht evisnefed eh thti wnoitcaretn itnacifingi sevlovn idluo cdn aselas U.S. ,yratilim sa Senators nietsnieF dna samohT namriahc( fo eht ngieroF snoitaleR eettimmocbuS on East naisA dna cificaP )sriaffA wrote ni eht Washington Times on hcraM 28, 2001. Other srebmeM dellac rof tnediserP hsuB to evorppa eht elas fo those destroyers, ni srettel tnes on lirpA 3, 2001, yb 83 ni eht House del( yb sevitatneserpeR xoC dna )uW dna 02 ni eht etaneS del( yb srota nsemSleH . )dinlalecirr oT A hcraM 1002ffats report to Senator smleH fo eht ngieroF snoitaleR eettimmoC dellac rofgniteem .sreyorts edd nsaeniramb urs oyflralucitr a,psde eensnef esd’nawiaT 18 Role of Congressmra gninimreteds ni ssergnoC fo elor eht si .eussi rehtonA selas to ,nawiaT ni ecnerefer to noitceS )b(3 fo eht .ART sraey ro shtnom ,lareneg nI retfa eht s’tnediserP noisiced on s’nawiaT requests dna s’nawiaT sbus snoisiced tneuqe no hcihw selas ot ,eusrup eht elor fo ssergno Csedulcni weiver fo rojamdesoporp SMF slaed deifiton to ssergnoC gnirud( hcihw ssergnoC yam tcane a tnioj noituloser fo )lavorppasid sa etalupits d under Section 36(b) of the Arms Export Control Act )ACEA( (P.L. 90-629). 19 ,revewoH gninrecnoc ’ssergnoC elor erofeb eht s’noitartsinimdA snoisiced on smra ,selas eht 106 ht ssergnoC sap sed language, d er,c otuytt dbaononLir 0ete0Snh0it2YF ngieroF snoitarepO snoitairporppA tcA ni( .viD B fo P.L. 106-113), gniriuqer eht yraterceS fo State to tlusnoc htiw ssergnoC esi voetd a.nawia To tsela ssmr agninimrete dn itup n ilanoissergno cro fmsinahcem ,niagA ni eht 1002YF ngieroF snoitarepO snoitairporppA tcA (Sec. 581 fo P.L. 106- 429), ssergnoC dessap eht nawiaT gnitropeR ,tnemeriuqeR gniriuqer eht tnediserP to tlusnoc on a deifissalc sisab htiw ssergnoC 30 syad roirp to eht xen t dnuor fosmra selas .sklat ssergnoC ).1002 ,61 hcraM no ecalp koot snoitatlusnoc deriuqer esohT( dluoc eriuqni about en oydratil ism’nawi afsTotnemsses sdaetrop esr’nogatn eePht .99 9e1cnis 16 tnemtrapeD fo ,esnefeD launnA“ tropeR no eht yratiliM rewoP fo eht s’elpoeP cilbupeR fo .00 0e2n u,Jnoisr edveifissalc n”u,anihC sno17ital enRawi aeT h ftnooitatnemelp m nIsosergn o oCttrope R,“esnef e fDtonemtrap eD .00 0r2ebmec e,Dnoisr edveifissalc n”u,tcA 18 etaneS ngieroF snoitaleR ,eettimmoC “U.S. esnefeD yciloP drawoT :nawiaT nI deeN fo na ”,luahrevO a ,nar osDem a yJ,bsnoital e nRgier o nFeoettimm oeC h otttrop epRi rfTfatS S. Prt. 107-26. 19 eeS CRS tropeR 96-971, Arms Sales: Congressional Review Process, rebmeceD 2, 1996, .ttemmi rdGrahc iyRb 6-SRC Arms Talks Processlaunna eht esiver ot woh dn.a rehtehw si eussi driht A process fo smra sklat iw ht .nawiaT esuaceB fo laiciffonu ,snoitalerevisseccus snoitartsinimda desu a process ni gninimreted arms sales to Taiwan that was dezilanoitutitsni ni eht ylrae s0891 sa launna sdnuor fo sklat htiw nawiaTesnefed seitirohtua gnitsisnoc fo lareves sesahp gnidael up to lanif sgniteem yllausu ni .lirpA 20 nO lirpA 24, 2001, eht yad fo eht tsal launna smra sklat htiw nawiaTyratilim ,seitirohtua tnediserP hsuB decnuonna eh dluow egnahc eht process rf o m eno htiw launna sweiver to eno htiw snoitaredisnoc on na ”.sis adbedeen-sa“ 21 nI gninimaxe :gniwoll oef hetdulc nriedisn o ocstnoitacilp m risorotc a,fsseco rwp eynna thgisre veosicre x oeyttili bda nganikam-noisic e ndeil o’rssergnoC ! elor fo smra las ee g sssndtnekannel raifanr-oeti egjdednhaotolrb ! )stseu qceirfic esnpuo scroefwo r. rsanavan(w i rayoTgfetarts elor fo smra selas ni U.S. citamolpid ycilop gnidulcni( suoirav ! )ycilo p”anih Ceno “eh tf ostnemele yratil inmawi aeT hrt osfevitcej b.oS.U ! pihsnoital eyrratil inmawiaT-.S .eU h fteorutan ! segnahcx eyratili mnawiaT-.S. Ulevel-hgi hf otnetxe ! stseret n.iS . nUyosrevortn oecliforp-hg ilhaun n n afatoceffe ! snoisic erd oefnilda e fadnoawi adT nsasergn o oCstsenlufesu ! sseco rdpesuf eed r nosaimpuo rtgseret nsiuoir afevocneulfni ! esuo Hetih Weh ty bnevi gnoitnett aevisnetn i,level-hgi hn isegnahc ! setab eydcnega-ret ne ihfntooitanidro os ctdina snoitadnemmoc err osfis asb’nogatn eeP h ntsiegnahc ! sreh tonotev itgnemtae rrtalim iesviec eoertris esd’nawiaT ! .napa Jhti wtah tyllaiceps e,secnaill adel-.S. Uro fsnoitacilpmi ! Current Legislation nI eht 107 ht ergnoC ,ss emos srebmeM evah dellac rof raluger dnaroines nawi ahTt iswnoitatlusnoc dna a elor decnuo nhn satunBedis erreP t,fsaserg nrooCf dl ute oah1wh 0 t,0l42i2 rnpoA drop eht launna nniawi ahTt iswseco rspkl astmra rovaf fo snoitaredisnoc on na ”dedeen-sa“ .sisab snoitaleR ngieroF dessap-esuoH ehT noitazirohtuA tcA rof sYF 2002 dna 2003 ( H.R. 1646, Hyde) sniatnoc snoisivorp on smra selas to .nawiaT ,tsriF .R.H 6461 sedulcni ytirohtua ni( noitces )158 rofeht tnediserP to lles eht 4 ssalc-ddiK sreyortsed to nawiaT (not sa ,SMF but EDA), rednu noitceS 21 fo eht .)ACEA ,eettimmoC snoitaleR lanoitanretnI esuoH eht ni ,dnoceS na tnemdnema proposed yb evitatneserpeR darB namrehS detluser ni noitces 813 to eriuqer that nawiaT eb treated sa eht tnelaviuqe“ fo a rojam n o OTAN-n ”ylla rof esnefed srefsnart rednu eht smrA Export Control tcA or eht ngieroF ecnatsissA Act, elihw eht egaugnal stops short fo gnitangised nawiaT sa a rojam OTAN-non.ylla gnidroccA ot eht s’rebmeM ,eciffo eht noisivorp dluow wohs elbignat troppusrof s’nawiaT ed ,esnef edivorp ti htiw sutats ralimis ot taht nevig ot ,ailartsuAweN ,dnalaeZ dna ,anitnegrA reffo ti eht ftohgir“ tsrif ”lasufer rof ,ADE dna treat ti htiw 20 eeS CRS tropeR RS20365, Taiwan: Annual Arms Sales Process , rebotcO ,12,9991 .n ayKelri hy,Sb10 0,e25n udJetadpu 21 ,knabliM anaD dna ekiM ,nellA uB“ hs ot porD launnA weiveR fo snopaeW selaSot ”,nawiaT Washington Post , lirpA ,52.1002