DTIC ADA373943: Proceedings of Symposium on Energy Engineering in the 21st Century (SEE 2000). Volume Two

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Proceedings
of
Symposium on Energy Engineering
st
in the 21 Century (SEE2000)
Volume 2
Edited by
Ping Cheng
Mechanical Engineering Department
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Begell House
New York, Wallingford (U.K.)
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ISBN 1-56700-132-7 (hard cover edition)
Printed in Hong Kong 1234567890
January 9-13,2000 Hong Kong
Proceedings of
Symposium on
nergy
Engineering
st
in the 21 Century (SEE 2000)
Volume Two
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Ping Cheng Editor
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13 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
14. ABSTRACT
Volume 1. Page 1 - 406 Includes:
Keynote Papers, Forced Convection, Natural Convection, and Boiling and Condensation
Volume 2, Page 407 - 903 Includes:
Two-Phase Flow, Porous Media, Heat Pipes and Thermosyphons, Conduction and Radiation, Microscale Heat
Transfer, Heat Transfer Enhancement, Solar Energy & Nuclear Energy, Thermal Storage, Melting & Solidification
Volume 3, Page 904 -1,345 Includes:
Drying & Food Processing, Heat Exchangers, Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration, Cryogenic Engineering, Energy
and Environment, Combustion and Fire
Volume 4, Page 1,346 - 1,734 Includes: Cycle Analysis, Engine Combustion, Waste Treatment by Thermal
Methods, Fuel Cells, Clean Combustion Technology, Coal Combustion
15. SUBJECT TERMS
Fire Surpression
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBE 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE ABSTRACT OF Terence J. Lyons, M.D.
PAGES
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FORWARD
The signing of the Montreal Protocol in 1987 and the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 by
various nations serves as a reminder once again of the intimate relationship between
energy and environment, which will no doubt remain one of the major issues in the
21st Century. This is particularly so in Southeast Asia, where industrial growth has
taken place at such a rapid pace during the last two decades. At the same time,
research in energy engineering is accelerating in this part of the world. At the Hong
Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), the Center for Energy and
Thermal Systems (CETS) was recently established for the research and development
of energy efficient and environmentally benign thermal systems. Thus, it is a
privilege for CETS to be able to host the Symposium on Energy Engineering in the
21st Century (SEE2000) on the HKUST campus between 9-13 January 2000, the
first international energy engineering conference ever held in Hong Kong.
The aim of this Symposium is to provide a forum for technical interchange in various
aspects of energy engineering. The 226 papers (including 11 keynote papers)
presented in the 25 technical sessions of the Symposium are published in this
proceedings which contains 4 volumes, covering a variety of topics from heat and
mass transfer, various energy and thermal systems, to clean combustion technology.
It has been a great pleasure for me to work with Symposium Co-Chairmen Professor
Kef a Cen of the Zhejiang University and Professor Patrick Takahashi of the
University of Hawaii in the planning of this Symposium. I would like to express my
sincere thanks to keynote speakers for their efforts in writing up-to-date review
papers, to members of the International Advisory Committee and the Organizing
Committee for their enthusiasm in promoting the Symposium, and to members of the
Local Committee for their hard work in reviewing the manuscripts. Special thanks
are due to Dr. H. H. Qiu (the Symposium Secretariat) and Ms. Lotta Tse for their
help in making conference arrangements, as well as to Ms. Ellie Ho, Ms. Ronnie Tse
and other clerical staff for their help in the typing of the manuscripts and for the
preparation of the proceedings. The generous financial support from the K. C. Wong
Education Foundation, U.S. Air Force Asian Office of Aerospace Research and
Development, U.S. Army Research Office - Far East, U.S. Office of Naval Research
- Asia, and the International Technic HVAC Company are gratefully acknowledged.
Ping Cheng
Symposium Chair
Hong Kong
January 2000
SYMPOSIUM CHAIRMAN
Professor Ping Cheng
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Fax: [phone] E-mail: [email protected]
SYMPOSIUM CO-CHAIRMEN
Professor Kefa Cen
Institute for Thermal Power Engineering
Zhejiang University
Hangzhou 310027, China
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Professor Patrick Takahashi
Hawaii Natural Energy Institute
University of Hawaii
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A.
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
SYMPOSIUM SECRETARIAT
Dr. H. H. Qiu
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Fax: [phone] E-mail: [email protected]
INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Tien, C. L., (Honorary Chairman), University of California, Berkeley
Bull, S. R., National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden
Chen, X. J., Xian Jiaotong University, Xian
Chiu, H. H, Cheng Kung University, Tainan
Cotta, R. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeir
De Vahl Davis, G., University of New South Wales, Sydney
Fang, L. J., Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu
Fletcher, "Skip" L. S., Texas A & M University, College Station
Fujita, Y., Kyushu University, Fukuoka
Goldstein, R., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
Gori, F., University of Rome, Rome
Hahne, E., University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart
Leontiev, A. I., Moscow State University, Moscow
Martynenko, O. G., Byelorussian Academy of Sciences, Minsk
Mayinger, F., Technical University of Munich, Munich
Mujumdar, A. S., McGill University, Montreal
Ro, S. T., Seoul National University, Seoul
Shi, S. X., Tianjin University, Tianjin
Sidemann, S., Israel Institute of Technology, Haifai
Tanasawa, I., Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Tokyo
Viskanta, R., Purdue University, West Lafayette
Wang, B. X., Tsinghau University, Beijing
Yang, K. T., University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame
iv
ORGANISING COMMITTEE
Auracher, H. L., Technical University of Berlin, Berlin
Cai, R. X., Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Beijing
Chen, T. S., University of Missouri, Rolla
Faghri, A., University of Connecticut, Storrs
Fujii, T., Kobe University, Kobe
Fukusako, S., Hokkaido University, Sapporo
Groll, M., University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart
Guo, Z. Y., Tsinghua University, Beijing
Howell J., University of Texas, Austin
Inaba, H., Okayama University, Okayama
Kakac, S., University of Miami, Miami
Kashiwagi, T., Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Tokyo
Kaviany, M., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Kennedy, L. A., The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago
Kim, Jong Hyun, EPRI, Palo Alto
Kurosaki, Y., University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo
Law, C. K., Princeton University, Princeton
Lee, J. S., Seoul National University, Seoul
Lloyd, A. C, Desert Research Institute, Reno
Lou, D. Y. S., University of Nebraska, Lincoln
Minkowycz, W. J., University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago
Nelson, R. A., Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos
Ni, M. J., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
Nishio, S., University of Tokyo, Tokyo
Peng, X. F., Tsinghua University, Beijing
Peterson, G. P., Texas A & M University, College Station
Radebaugh, R., National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder
Saitoh, T. S., Tohoku University, Sendai
Serizawa, A., Kyoto University, Kyoto
Shoji, M., University of Tokyo, Tokyo
Son, J. E., Korea Institute of Energy Research, Taejon
Straub, J., Technical University of Munich, Munich
Suzuki, K, Kyoto University, Kyoto
Tong, T. W., Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Wang, C. Y., Pennsylvania State University, College Park
LOCAL COMMITTEE
Hsu, C. T, HKUST
Chao, Y. H., HKUST
Chi, Y, Zhejiang University
Kot, S. C, HKUST
Lee, H. K, HKUST
Qiu, H. H., HKUST
Zhao, T. S., HKUST.
SPONSORS
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Japanese Society of Mechanical Engineers
Chinese Society of Power Engineering
International Center of Heat and Mass Transfer
K. C. Wong Education Foundation
U.S. Air Force Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development
U.S. Army Research Office-Far East
U.S. Office of Navy Research-Asia
SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL SESSIONS
Volume 1
A. Keynote Papers
B. Forced Convection
C. Natural Convection
D. Boiling and Condensation
Volume 2
E. Two-Phase Flow
F. Porous Media
G. Heat Pipes and Thermosyphons
H. Conduction and Radiation
I. Microscale Heat Transfer
J. Heat Transfer Enhancement
K. Solar Energy & Nuclear Energy
L. Thermal Storage
M. Melting and Solidification
Volume 3
N. Drying and Food Processing
0. Heat Exchangers
P. Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
Q. Cryogenic Engineering
R. Energy and Environment
S. Combustion and Fire
Volume 4
T. Cycle Analysis
U. Engine Combustion
V. Waste Treatment by Thermal Methods
W. Fuel Cells
X. Clean Combustion Technology
Y. Coal Combustion
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 2
Forward '•'
E. Two-Phase Flow 407
El. Critical Two-Phase Flow in a Short Converging Nozzle 408
A. M. C. Chan and I. G. Elphick
E2. An Investigation on the Bubble and Slug Flow Patterns and Its Transition for
Gas/Oil-Water Emulsions 416
Y. Luo, T. K. Chen andJ. Y. Cai
E3. Hydrodynamics and Dust Separation Efficiency of Two-Phase Rotating Flow 422
A. Khalatov, N. Syred, I. Borisov andS. Shevtsov
E4. Experimental Investigations on Evaporative Heat Transfer of Water Film in a
Vertical Duct with Counter-Currently Passed Air Condition 430
Y. M. KangandG. C. Park
E5. A Visual Study of Slug Bubbles in Miniaturized Channels 438
Q. C. BiandT. S Zhao
E6. Flow Pattern of Pure Refrigerant HFC 134a Evaporating in a Horizontal Capillary Tube 445
K. Kuwahara, S. Koyama, J. Yu, C. Watanabe and N. Osa
E7. Analyses of Motion and Drag Coefficient of Water Droplets in a Natural
Draught Cooling Tower 451
B. M. Liu and M. N. A. Hawlader
E8. Numerical Analysis and Experimental Verification of Two-Phase Flow of Refrigerant
Through Electronic Expansion Valve 459
B. F. Yu, Z G. Wang, D. Q. Wang andX. Z Meng
F. Porous Media 465
F1. Experimental Study of Disordered 3D and 2D Packing of Rigid Fibres: Influence
of the Aspect Ratio on the Structure 466
M. Novellani, R. Santini and L. Tadrist
F2. Flow Regions of Granules in Dorfan Impingo Filter for Gas Cleanup 474
J. T. KuoandJ. Smid andS. S. Hsiau and H. H. TsaiandC. S. Chou
F3. Effect of Homogeneous and Hetrogeneous Source Terms on the
Macroscopic Description of Heat Transfer in Porous Media 482
M. Quintard, B. LadevieandS. Whitaker
F4. Study on Improved Performance of Plate Heat Exchanger with Packed Beads
and Mini-Longitudinal Channels on Plate Surface 490
B. X. Wang, J. H. Du and Z. J. Zhang
F5. Heat Transfer of a Porous Channel Heat Sink Subjected to Oscillating Flow 497
H. L. Fu, K. C. Leong.X.Y. Huang and C Y. Liu
F6. Effective Thermal Conductivity of Bi-Dispersed Porous Media 505
Z Q. Chen, P. Cheng and C. T. Hsu
F7. Rewetting Phenomena and Thermal Stability At Steam Generation on Surfaces
with Porous Coatings 512
V. 1. Borzenko and S. P. Malyshenko
F8. Numerical Analysis of Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media with Finite Element Method 521
Q. Bai, T. Hyuga and Y. Fujita
F9. Forced Convection and Flow Boiling in Mono- and Bi-Dispersed Porous Channels 529
Z Q. Chen, P. Cheng and T, S. Zhao
G. Heat Pipes and Thermosyphons 538
G1. Thermal Control of Electronic Components by Two-Phase Thermosyphons
and Pulsating Heat Pipes 539
N. Gavotti and F. Polasek
vii
G2. A Study on the Thermal Hydraulic Phenomena of Decay Heat Removal System
Using the Closed Two-Phase Thermosiphon Loop 557
Y. Ahn, G. Park andM. Kim
G3. Heat Transfer Performance of a Corrugate Tube Thermosyphon 564
M. Hirashima and K. Negishi
G4. Miniature High Heat Flux Heat Pipes for Cooling of Electronics 573
Z J. Zuo and M. T. North
H. Conduction and Radiation 580
HI. Optimization of the Annular Fin with Base Wall Thermal Resistance 581
B. T. F. Chung and 2. Ma
H2. Modeling of Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Hydrocarbons Based on
Equation of State 588
X. Q. Guo, C. Y. Sun, S. X. Rong, G. J. Chen and T. M. Guo
H3. Determination of the Thermal Diffusivity of Aqueous Solutions of Salts by
a Laser-Induced Thermal Grating Technique 598
J. Wang,!. H. Chen andM. Fiebig
H4. Experimental Evaluation of Radiation Reflection Characteristics of Real Surfaces
for Heat Transfer Computation 604
T. Makino, H. Wakabayashi and S. Y. Okada
H5. Thermal Conductivity of Fiber Filled Aerogels 613
G. R. Cunnington and S. C. Lee
H6. Self-Similar Growth of a Compound Layer in Thin-Film Binary Diffusion Couples 621
H. Zhang and H. Wong
H7. Heat Transfer Properties and Structure of CaCl Reactor Beds Used for
2
Chemical Heat Pumps 628
K. Fujioka, K. Oido and Y. Hirata
H8. On the Use of Diamond-Coated Junctions to Enhance Thermal Contact Conductance 636
K. C. Chung and C. T. Chen
I. Microscale Heat Transfer 642
II. Two-Phase Flow Patterns in an Ultra-Small Scale Flowing Passage 643
Z Feng and A. Serizawa
12. Measurement of Friction Factors for R134A and R12 Through Microchannels 650
L. S. Ding, H. Sun, X. L. Sheng and B. D. Lee
13. Characteristics of Frictional Resistance for Gas Flow in Microtubes 658
Z Li, D. X. Du and Z. Guo
14. Study on Heat Transfer for Flow Flim Condensation in Vertical Mini tube
with Interfacial Waves 665
X. Z. DuandB.X. Wang
15. Non-Equilibrium Mass Transfer at Liquid-Vapor Interface 672
T. Tsuruta and G. Nagayama
16. Microscale Heat Transfer at Fast Time Studied by Novel Laser-Based
Measurement Techniques 680
K. X. He, J. C. Wang, A. Chow, J. Mo and C Holden
J. Heat Transfer Enhancement 687
Jl. Turbulent Augmented Heat Transfer from the Surface of an Immersed Tube
in a Magnetofluidized Bed 688
S. C. Saxena and V. L. Ganzha
J2. Drag Reduction and Heat Transfer Enhancement of Water Flow in a Pipe Using
New Surfactants for Environmentally Acceptable Drag Reducing Additives 695
K. Nobuchika, T. Nakata, K. Sato, F. Yamagishi, S. Tomiyama, H. Inaba,
A. Horibe andN. Haruki
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