DTIC ADA323156: Defense Technology Objectives of the Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan and the Defense Technology Area Plan.

379 Pages·20.3 MB·English

by  Defense Technical Information Center

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Defense Technology Objectives
of the
Joint Warfighting Science
and Technology Plan
and the
Defense Technology Area Plan
January 1997
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
DIRECTOR, DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING
CONTENTS
Introduction and Sum m ary .............................................................................................. v
Section I-Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan Defense Technology
Objectives
Inform ation Superiority ..................................................................................... I-1
Precision Force .................................................................................................... 1-23
Com bat Identification ......................................................................................... 1-45
Joint Theater M issile D efense ............................................................................. 1-53
M ilitary Operations in Urban Terrain ................................................................. 1-63
Joint Readiness and Logistics ............................................................................. 1-69
Joint Counterm ine ............................................................................................... 1-83
Electronic Com bat .............................................................................................. 1-97
Chem ical/Biological W arfare D efense and Protection ..................................... 1-107
Counter W eapons of M ass De struction ............................................................ 1-113
Section II-Defense Technology Area Plan Defense Technology Objectives
Air Platform s ........................................................................................................ 11-1
Chem ical/Biological Defense and Nuclear ........................................................ 11-23
Inform ation System s Technology ...................................................................... 11-37
Ground and Sea Vehicles ................................................................................... 11-73
M aterials/Processes ............................................................................................ 11-87
Biom edical ....................................................................................................... 11-115
Sensors, Electronics and Battlespace Environm ent ......................................... 11-133
Space Platform s ............................................................................................... 11-171
Hum an System s. ............................................................................................... 11-191
W eapons ........................................................................................................... 11-215
G lossary ......................................................................................................................... A -1
111ii
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
Technological superiority has been, and continues to be, a cornerstone of our
national military strategy. Technologies such as radar, jet engines, nuclear weapons, night
vision, smart weapons, stealth, the Global Positioning System, and vastly more capable
information management systems have changed warfare dramatically. Today's techno-
logical edge allows us to prevail across the broad spectrum of conflict decisively and with
relatively low casualties. Maintaining this technological edge has become even more im-
portant as the size of U.S. forces decreases and high-technology weapons are now readily
available on the world market. In this new environment, it is imperative that U.S. forces
possess technological superiority to achieve and maintain the dominance displayed in
Operation Desert Storm. The technological advantage we enjoy today is a legacy of dec-
ades of investment in science and technology (S&T). Likewise, our future warfighting
capabilities will be substantially determined by today's investment in S&T.
In peace, technological superiority is a key element of deterrence. In crisis, it pro-
vides a wide spectrum of options to the National Command Authorities and commanders
in chief, while providing confidence to our allies. In war, it enhances combat effective-
ness, reduces casualties, and minimizes equipment loss. In view of declining defense
budgets and manpower reductions, advancing military technology and ensuring that it un-
dergoes rapid transition to the warfighter are national security obligations of ever greater
importance.
To fulfill these obligations, the Director, Defense Research and Engineering
(DDR&E), has continually enhanced the strategic planning process for defense S&T. The
foundation of this process is the Defense Science and Technology Strategy with its sup-
porting Basic Research Plan (BRP), Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan
(JWSTP), and Defense Technology Area Plan (DTAP) (References 1-4). These docu-
ments present the DoD S&T vision, strategy, plan, and objectives for the planners, pro-
grammers, and performers of defense S&T.
These documents are a collaborative product of the Office of the Secretary of
Defense (OSD), Joint Staff, military services, and defense agencies. The strategy and
plans are fully responsive to the National Security S&T Council's National Security Sci-
ence and Technology Strategy (Reference 5) and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff's Vision and Joint Vision 2010 (JV 2010) (Reference 6), as shown in Figure 1. The
strategy and plans and supporting individual S&T master plans of the military services
and defense agencies guide the annual preparation of the defense program and budget.
The strategy and plans are made available to the U.S. Government, defense contractors,
and our allies with the goal of better focusing our collective efforts on superior joint war-
fare capabilities and improving interoperability between the United States and our allies.
V
DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY OBJECTIVES OF JWSTP AND DTAP
Joint NSTC
Vision National Security
2010 S&T Strategy
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S&T I M
Strategy TA &
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Basic Defense Joint d
Research Technology Warfighting g
Plan Area Plan S&T Plan g
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Service/
Agency
S&T Plans
Defense Science and Technology Strategy (Reference 1). The Defense Science
and Technology Strategy is responsive to the Secretary of Defense's vision to "develop
and transition superior technology to enable affordable, decisive military capability."
The strategy focuses on four generic considerations that have high priority in
making strategic decisions about which technologies are pursued:
* Affordability. Where appropriate, S&T projects must focus on increasing the
effectiveness of a capability and decreasing cost, increasing operational life,
and incrementally improving material through planned upgrades.
Dual Use. The S&T program must contribute to building a common indus-
trial base by using commercial practices, processes, and products, and by de-
veloping, where possible, technology that can be the base for both military
and commercial products and applications.
Accelerated Transition. Advanced Concept Technology Demonstrations
(ACTDs) are a key element in the S&T program to focus science and tech-
nology on supporting military needs and problems, expediting transitions,
and providing a sound basis for acquisition decisions.
Strong Technology Base. The technology base generates DoD's legacy to
tomorrow's warfighter. Accordingly, it is imperative to maintain a stable
technology base investment to develop options for the truly long term-
beyond the threats, situations, and budgets that we can predict.
Basic Research Plan (Reference 2). The BRP presents the DoD objectives and
investment strategy for DoD-sponsored Basic Research (6.1) performed by universities,
industry, and service laboratories. In addition to presenting the planned investment in
vi
Introduction and Summary
each of 12 technical disciplines composing the Basic Research Program, the plan high-
lights six strategic research objectives holding great promise for the development of ena-
bling breakthrough technologies for revolutionary 21st century military capabilities.
* Biomimetics • Mobile wireless communications
* Nanoscience • Intelligent systems
* Smart structures 0 Compact power sources
The coupling of the BRP with the DTAP and the JWSTP is carried out in several
ways. First, the planning stage of the 12 individual research areas has the active partici-
pation of both the Service Laboratories and the Warfighters (through the Operating
Commands, such as the Army's TRADOC). This activity takes place by providing
requirements and, oftentimes, serving on planning committees that focus on or include
basic research. Second, representatives of the Service Laboratories and Operating Com-
mands also take part in the program evaluation process through attendance and participa-
tion in Service S&T program reviews and the ODDR&E TARA reviews.
Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan (Reference 3). The JWSTP
takes a joint perspective horizontally across the Applied Research (6.2) and Advanced
Technology Development (6.3) plans of the services and defense agencies to ensure that
the requisite technology and advanced concepts for superior joint and coalition warfight-
ing are supported. It ensures that the near-, mid-, and long-term needs of the joint war-
fighter are properly balanced and supported in the S&T planning, programming, budget-
ing, and assessment activities of the DoD. The JWSTP is focused around 10 Joint War-
fighting Capability Objectives (JWCOs). These objectives support the Joint Warfighting
Capability Assessment (JWCA) and the four operational concepts emphasized in JV
2010: dominant maneuver, precision engagement, full-dimension protection, and focused
logistics. A significant feature of the JWSTP is the identification of mechanisms for the
timely transition of technology to the warfighter in the field before it becomes obsolete or
falls in the hands of our adversaries.
Defense Technology Area Plan (Reference 4). The DTAP presents the DoD ob-
jectives and the Applied Research (6.2) and Advanced Technology Development (6.3)
investment strategy for technologies critical to DoD acquisition plans, service warfighter
capabilities, and the JWSTP. It also takes a horizontal perspective across the service and
defense agency efforts, thereby charting the total DoD investment for a given technology.
The DTAP documents the focus, content, and principal objectives of the overall DoD sci-
ence and technology efforts. This plan provides a sound basis for acquisition decisions
and is structured to respond to the DDR&E emphasis on rapid transition of technology to
the operational forces. This year the DTAP includes an assessment of the potential tech-
nology capabilities of other countries vis-A-vis the United States.
Defense Technology Objectives (Reference 7). The focus of the S&T investment
is enhanced and guided through Defense Technology Objectives (DTOs). Each DTO
identifies a specific technology advancement that will be developed or demonstrated, the
anticipated date of technology availability, and the specific benefits resulting from the
technology advance. These benefits not only include increased military operational capa-
bilities but also address other important areas, including affordability and dual-use appli-
vii
DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY OBJECTIVES OF JWSTP AND DTAP
cations, that have received special emphasis in the Defense Science and Technology
Strategy. Each DTO also identifies funding required to achieve the new capability. This
funding, shown in millions of dollars, has been rounded to a single decimal, so all totals
in the tabulations may not add due to rounding.
This document contains descriptions of nearly 300 DTOs. Two-thirds of these are
identified in the DTAP, which cites the anticipated return on the S&T investment through
10 broad technology areas. The remaining DTOs support the 10 JWCOs of the JWSTP.
JWSTP DTOs are limited to Advanced Technology Demonstrations (ATDs) and
Advanced Concept Technology Demonstrations (ACTDs).
The DTOs are presented in a separate volume in two parts-one for the DTAP
and one for the JWSTP. The DTAP DTO number consists of a two-letter prefix corre-
sponding to the names of the 10 technology areas addressed in that document, a two-digit
numeral that represents the DTO sequence, and a second two-digit numeral that is an un-
defined field. The letter prefix for the JWSTP DTO number corresponds to the 10 sec-
tions (A through J) in Chapter IV of that document, followed by a two-digit sequence
number. Thus, DTO numbers easily distinguish JWSTP from DTAP DTOs. The DTO
sequence numbers do not connote priorities.
The JWSTP and the DTAP document the focus, content, and principal objectives
of the overall DoD technology efforts (budget categories 6.2 and 6.3). These plans are
presented in separate documents under their respective titles.
This document concludes with an appendix that is a compilation of all abbrevia-
tions and acronyms used in the JWSTP and DTAP as well as in these DTOs.
VOii
Introduction and Summary
References
1. Defense Science and Technology Strategy, Director of Defense Research and Engi-
neering, September 1994
2. Basic Research Plan, Director of Defense Research and Engineering, January 1997
3. Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan, Director of Defense Research and
Engineering, January 1997
4. Defense Technology Area Plan, Director of Defense Research and Engineering, Janu-
ary 1997
5. National Security Science and Technology Strategy, National Science and Technol-
ogy Council, 1995
6. Joint Vision 2010, Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1996
7. Defense Technology Objectives of the Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan
and the Defense Technology Area Plan, Director of Defense Research and Engineer-
ing, January 1997
ix
SECTION I
JOINT WARFIGHTING SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY PLAN
DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY OBJECTIVES
INFORMATION SUPERIORITY