Drug Delivery Applications of Starch Biopolymer Derivatives

147 Pages·2019·3.353 MB·English

by  Jin Chen, Ling Chen, Fengwei Xie, Xiaoxi Li

Jin Chen · Ling Chen · Fengwei Xie ·
Xiaoxi Li
Drug Delivery
Applications
of Starch
Biopolymer
Derivatives
Drug Delivery Applications of Starch Biopolymer
Derivatives
Jin Chen Ling Chen Fengwei Xie
(cid:129) (cid:129) (cid:129)
Xiaoxi Li
Drug Delivery Applications
of Starch Biopolymer
Derivatives
123
Jin Chen LingChen
GuangdongProvinceKey Laboratory GuangdongProvinceKey Laboratory
for Green Processingof NaturalProducts for Green Processingof NaturalProducts
andProductSafety,SchoolofFoodScience andProductSafety,SchoolofFoodScience
andEngineering, Ministry ofEducation andEngineering, Ministry ofEducation
Engineering Research Centerof Starch Engineering Research Centerof Starch
andProtein Processing andProtein Processing
SouthChinaUniversity ofTechnology SouthChinaUniversity ofTechnology
Guangzhou, Guangdong,China Guangzhou, Guangdong,China
Fengwei Xie XiaoxiLi
International Institute for Nanocomposites GuangdongProvinceKey Laboratory
Manufacturing (IINM), WMG for Green Processingof NaturalProducts
University of Warwick andProductSafety,SchoolofFoodScience
Coventry, UK andEngineering, Ministry ofEducation
Engineering Research Centerof Starch
andProtein Processing
SouthChinaUniversity ofTechnology
Guangzhou, Guangdong,China
ISBN978-981-13-3656-0 ISBN978-981-13-3657-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3657-7
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018964237
©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2019
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Acknowledgements
This book has been financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of
China (No. 2016YFD0400203), the NSFC (31871751), the Key Project of
Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (No. 201804020036) and YangFan
Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Project (2014YT02S029).
v
Contents
1 Physiological and Pathological Bases for Designing
High Performance Drug Delivery Carriers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Concepts for Designing Stimulus-Responsive Carriers . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1.1 Biological Stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1.2 Physical Stimuli. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Interactions Between Carriers and Physiological Structures . . . . . . 6
1.2.1 Interactions with Mucosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2.2 Interactions with Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2.3 Interactions with Biomacromolecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2 Material Nature and Physicochemical Properties
for High Performance of Carriers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1 Material that Endows Stimulus Responsiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1.1 Material Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.1.2 Physicochemical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2 Physicochemical Properties that Affect Interactions
with Physiological Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3 Starch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.1 Basic Characteristics of Starch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2 Gelatinization and Retrogradation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.3 Digestion of Starch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.4 Starch Derivatives (Modified Starch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4 Starch-Based DDSs with Stimulus Responsiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.2 pH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
vii
viii Contents
4.2.1 pH Shifts in the GIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.2.2 Pathological Conditions and Cellular Compartment-
Specific pH Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.3 Enzymes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.3.1 Enzymes in the GIT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.3.2 Human Serum Endoamylase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
4.3.3 Cellular Compartment Enzymes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
4.4 Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
4.5 Redox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.6 Magnetic Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.7 Dual and Multi-stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
5 Starch-Based DDSs with Physiological Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
5.1 Transmucosal Starch-Based DDSs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
5.1.1 Bioadhesion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
5.1.2 The Widening Tight Junction Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
5.2 Starch-Based Target-Specific DDSs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
5.2.1 Plasma Hematocompatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
5.2.2 Macrophage-Evading Target-Specific System . . . . . . . . . . 115
5.2.3 DDSs That Target the Immune System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
6 Toxicology of Starch-Based DDSs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Nomenclature
10-HCPT 10-hydroxy camptothecin
AA Acrylic acid
Apo Apolipoprotein
BMP-4 Bone morphogenetic protein-4
BSA Bovine serum albumin
CMC Critical micelle concentration
CMS Carboxymethyl starch
Con A Concanavalin A
DC Dendritic cell
DDS Drug delivery system
DMAAm N,N-dimethylacrylamide
DOX Doxorubicin
DS Degree of substitution
DSM Degradable starch microspheres
EMF External magnetic field
EPR Enhanced permeability and retention
FA Folic acid
GIT Gastrointestinal tract
GSH Glutathione
HA Hyaluronic acid
HAase Hyaluronidase
HACS High-amylose corn starch
HAS Human serum albumin
HEMA Hydroxyethyl methacrylate
HES Hydroxyethyl starch
HPS Hydroxypropyl starch
IC Half maximal inhibitory concentration
50
IL Interleukin
IPN Interpenetrating polymer network
KC Kupffer cell
ix
x Nomenclature
LCST Low critical solution temperature
LPC Lysophosphatidylcholine
M Membranous
M Molecular weight
MMT Montmorillonite
MNP Magnetic nanoparticle
MP Microparticle
mPEG Methoxypolyoxy-ethylene amine
MS Molar degree of substitution
N/P Nitrogen/phosphate atom
NIR Near-infrared region
NP Nanoparticle
PAA Polyacrylic acid
PAN Polyacrylonitrile
PDMAEM Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)
PEC Polyelectrolyte complex
PEG Poly(ethylene glycol)
PEI Poly(ethyleneimine)
PMAA Polymethacrylic acid
PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate)
PNIPAM Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
PS80 Polysorbate 80
RES Reticuloendothelial system
ROS Reactive oxygen species
RS Resistant starch
SA Starch acetate
SCF Simulated colon fluid
SGF Simulated gastric fluid
SIF Simulated intestinal fluid
TNF Tumor necrosis factor
UCST Upper critical solution temperature
VPTT Volume phase transition temperature
ZO Zonula occluden
Overview
Being cheap, renewable, biodegradable, and biocompatible, starch has attracted
huge interests from drug delivery scientists. Recently, the application of starch in
drug delivery systems (DDSs) has made significant advances, whereby the
molecular structure and characteristics of starch are exploited for creating smart
materials for drug delivery purposes. With a better understanding of the physio-
logical conditions, the difference between normal and pathological cells, and the
various biological interactions between materials and physiological structures,
starch-based DDSs with stimulus responsiveness (e.g., pH, temperature, or redox
potential), target specificity, and bioadhesiveness can be constructed. These new
DDSs would be capable of addressing some of the systemic and intracellular
barriers in drug delivery and thus enhancing the bioavailability of therapeutics at
thediseasesites.Thismonographhighlightsrecentemergingareasinthedesignof
starch-based materials with advanced drug delivery behaviors. Key design princi-
ples, challenges, and prospects of these starch-based DDSs are also discussed.
xi