Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences and Treatment PDF
Preview Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences and Treatment
Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness Joris C. Verster (cid:129) Kathleen Brady Marc Galanter (cid:129) Patricia Conrod Editors Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness Causes, Consequences and Treatment Editors Joris C. Verster Kathleen Brady Division of Pharmacology Department of Psychiatry Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Utrecht University Charleston, SC, USA Utrecht, The Netherlands Patricia Conrod Marc Galanter National Addiction Centre Division of Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Institute of Psychiatry School of Medicine King’s College London New York University London, UK New York, NY, USA ISBN 978-1-4614-3374-3 ISBN 978-1-4614-3375-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-3375-0 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012940199 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Preface Drug abuse and addiction are common in clinical practice. Often they interfere with patient treatment or require an alternative approach. The volume D rug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment discusses the causes and consequences of drug abuse and addiction in a systematic manner. We believe this volume is a gold standard book including current and cutting-edge information for all those working with drug abusing or addicted patients or for those interested in this topic from other research perspectives. The volume is a fi rst of its kind book, rich yet comprehensive and focused (speci fi cally to the des- ignated area), and addresses the needs of the very active theoretical, basic, and clinical research in the fi eld. Leading experts in the fi eld of addiction throughout the world have contributed to D rug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment . This means the volume covers virtually every core, as well as contemporary, topic in the subject area, from the established theories to the most modern research and development in the fi eld of drug abuse and addiction. In brief, D rug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment contains 46 chapters covering drugs of abuse and how they play a role in a wide range of medical illnesses. The volume starts with eight general chapters covering basic con- cepts of addiction research, research techniques, and major fi ndings. Section II of the book is followed by 11 chapters discussing a variety of drugs of abuse, including cannabis, inhalants, alcohol, and cocaine. Section III discusses how, for some diseases, drug abuse will cause or enhance the progress of that disease/disorder, while other diseases may result in or enhance drug abuse. The chapters in Section III thus deal with this crucial, bidirectional relationship. Section IV of the book consists of ten chapters discussing current topics in addiction research such as the effects of drugs of abuse on traf fi c safety, prevention, and legal aspects of drug abuse. To aid educational usefulness of the volume as a text book, every chapter includes an abstract, and two boxes summarizing learning objectives and directions for future research. The chapters on individual drugs in Section II also include a box summarizing the pharmacoki- netic properties of the drug. Understanding drug abuse and addiction is of vital importance in clinical practice. We hope Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment is of help to those who are involved in improving health and quality of life of their patients and others interested in this fascinating fi eld of research. Utrecht, The Netherlands Joris C. Verster Charleston, SC, USA Kathleen Brady New York, NY, USA Marc Galanter London, UK Patricia Conrod v Credits and Acknowledgements Composing this fi rst of a kind comprehensive volume could not be realized without the enthu- siastic help and effort of a great number of individuals. Many people were involved in the development of this new volume entitled D rug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment. We want to thank all authors for contributing authoritative and up-to-date chapters. Because of their efforts, D rug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment is a fi rst class reference book for everybody who is interested in the impact of drug abuse and addiction in clinical practice. We also want to thank the editors at Springer for their support and guidance in developing this volume. Finally, we want to thank our friends and families for their patience and support. Utrecht, The Netherlands Joris C. Verster Charleston, SC, USA Kathleen Brady New York, NY, USA Marc Galanter London, UK Patricia Conrod vii Contents Part I Drug Abuse and Addiction – An Overview 1 Epidemiology of Alcohol and Drug Use ................................................................. 3 Margriet van Laar 2 Drug Abuse and Behavioral Disinhibition ............................................................. 25 Mark T. Fillmore 3 Automatic and Controlled Processes in the Pathway from Drug Abuse to Addiction ................................................................................................... 35 Matt Field and Reinout Wiers 4 Personality and Substance Misuse: Evidence for a Four-Factor Model of Vulnerability ............................................................................................. 47 Natalie Castellanos-Ryan and Patricia Conrod 5 Compulsive Drug Use and Brain Reward Systems ............................................... 63 Jonathan A. Hollander and Paul J. Kenny 6 Animal Models in Addiction Research ................................................................... 73 David Belin and Jeffrey W. Dalley 7 Genetic Contributions to Individual Differences in Vulnerability to Addiction and Abilities to Quit ........................................................................... 95 George R. Uhl and Tomas Drgon 8 Pharmacotherapy of Addiction ............................................................................... 107 Ahmed Elkashef and Ivan Montoya Part II Drugs of Abuse 9 Alcohol ....................................................................................................................... 123 A.E. Goudriaan and K.J. Sher 10 Nicotine ..................................................................................................................... 137 Erika B. Litvin, Joseph W. Ditre, Bryan W. Heckman, and Thomas H. Brandon 11 Cannabis.................................................................................................................... 151 Gerry Jager 12 Cocaine ...................................................................................................................... 163 Anne P. Daamen, Renske Penning, Tibor Brunt, and Joris C. Verster ix x Contents 13 MDMA and LSD ...................................................................................................... 175 A.C. Parrott 14 Inhalants Abuse: Status of Etiology and Intervention.......................................... 189 Ty. A. Ridenour and Matthew O. Howard 15 Ketamine ................................................................................................................... 201 Kim Wolff 16 Prescription Drug Misuse Across the Lifespan: A Developmental Perspective .................................................................................. 213 Megan E. McLarnon, Sean P. Barrett, Tracy L. Monaghan, and Sherry H. Stewart 17 Anxiolytics and Sedatives ........................................................................................ 231 Alyson Bond and Malcolm Lader 18 Opioids and Other Analgesics ................................................................................. 241 Jane C. Ballantyne 19 Anabolic–Androgenic Steroids ................................................................................ 251 Harrison G. Pope Jr. and Gen Kanayama Part III Drug Abuse in Medical Illness 20 Comorbid Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders ................................................. 267 Kathleen Brady 21 Depression and Substance Use ................................................................................ 275 Clare J. Mackie, Patricia Conrod, and Kathleen Brady 22 ADHD ........................................................................................................................ 285 Pieter-Jan Carpentier 23 Autism and Alcoholism’s Genetic Overlap ............................................................ 297 Judith H. Miles and Denis M. McCarthy 24 Personality Disorders ............................................................................................... 311 Louisa M.C. van den Bosch and Roel Verheul 25 Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders ...................................................... 323 L. Gregg 26 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychological Trauma .................................. 335 Julian D. Ford 27 Seizures, Illicit Drugs, and Ethanol ........................................................................ 343 John C.M. Brust 28 Medication Overuse Headache: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment .......................................................................................................... 351 Letizia M. Cupini, Paola Sarchielli, and Paolo Calabresi 29 Addiction and Parkinson’s Disease ........................................................................ 363 Tatiana Witjas, Jean Philippe Azulay, and Alexandre Eusebio 30 Sleep and Sleep Disorders ....................................................................................... 375 Timothy Roehrs and Thomas Roth 31 Drug Abuse, Dreams, and Nightmares ................................................................... 385 Brian Johnson
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