Driving 5g Mobile Communications with Artificial Intelligence Towards 6g

503 Pages·2023·19.263 MB·English

by  Dragorad A Milovanovic, Zoran S Bojkovic, Tulsi Pawan Fowdur

Driving 5G Mobile
Communications with
Artificial Intelligence
towards 6G
Driving 5G Mobile Communications with Artificial Intelligence towards 6G pres-
ents current work and directions of continuous innovation and development in mul-
timedia communications with a focus on services and users. The fifth generation of
mobile wireless networks achieved the first deployment by 2020, completed the first
phase of evolution in 2022, and started transition phase of 5G-Advanced toward the
sixth generation. Perhaps one of the most important innovations brought by 5G is the
platform approach to connectivity, i.e., a single standard that can adapt to the hetero-
geneous connectivity requirements of vastly different use cases. 5G networks contain
a list of different requirements, standardized technical specifications, and a range of
implementation options with spectral efficiency, latency, and reliability as primary
performance metrics. Toward 6G, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence
(AI) methods have recently proposed new approaches to modeling, designing, opti-
mizing, and implementing systems. They are now mature technologies that improve
many research fields significantly.
The area of wireless multimedia communications has developed immensely, gen-
erating a large number of concepts, ideas, technical specifications, mobile standards,
patents, and articles. Identifying the basic ideas and their complex interconnections
becomes increasingly important.
The book is divided into three major parts, with each part containing four to five chapters:
• Advanced 5G communication
• Machine learning-based communication and network automation
• Artificial intelligence towards 6G
The first part discusses three main scenarios and standard specification of 5G use
cases (eMBB, URLLC, mMTC), vehicular systems beyond 5G, and efficient edge
architecture on NFV infrastructure. In the second part, different AI/ML-based meth-
odologies and open research challenges are presented in introducing 5G-AIoT artifi-
cial intelligence of things, scheduling in 5G/6G communication systems, application
of DL techniques to modulation, detection, and channel coding as well as 5G open
source tools for experimentation and testing. The third part paves the way to deploy
scenarios for different innovative services including technologies and applica-
tions of 5G/6G intelligent connectivity, AI-assisted eXtended Reality, integrated
5G-IoT architecture in next-generation Smart Grid, privacy requirements in a hyper-
connected world, and evaluation of representative 6G use cases and technology trends.
The book is written by field experts from Europe and Mauritius who introduce a
blend of scientific and engineering concepts covering this emerging wireless com-
munication area. It is a very good reference book for telecom professionals, engi-
neers, and practitioners in various 5G vertical domains and, finally, a basis for student
courses in 5G/6G wireless systems.
Driving 5G Mobile
Communications with
Artificial Intelligence
towards 6G
Edited by
Dragorad A. Milovanovic, Zoran S. Bojkovic,
and Tulsi Pawan Fowdur
First edition published 2023
by CRC Press
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and by CRC Press
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CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Dragorad A. Milovanovic, Zoran S. Bojkovic and Tulsi Pawan
Fowdur; individual chapters, the contributors.
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ISBN: 978-1-032-07124-4 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-07127-5 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-20549-4 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003205494
Typeset in Times
by codeMantra
Contents
Foreword ..................................................................................................................vii
Preface.......................................................................................................................ix
Editors .......................................................................................................................xi
Contributors ...........................................................................................................xiii
PART 1 Advanced 5G Communication
Chapter 1 5G-Advanced Mobile Communication: New Concepts and
Research Challenges ............................................................................3
Dragorad A. Milovanovic, Zoran S. Bojkovic, and Tulsi Pawan Fowdur
Chapter 2 5G Advanced Mobile Broadband: New Multimedia
Delivery Platform ...............................................................................83
Dragorad A. Milovanovic and Zoran S. Bojkovic
Chapter 3 5G Ultrareliable and Low-Latency Communication in Vertical
Domain Expansion ............................................................................137
Dragorad A. Milovanovic and Zoran S. Bojkovic
Chapter 4 Vehicular Systems for 5G and beyond 5G: Channel Modeling
for Performance Evaluation ...............................................................183
Caslav Stefanovic, Ana G. Armada, Marco Pratesi, and
Fortunato Santucci
Chapter 5 Distribution of NFV Infrastructure Providing Efficient Edge
Computing Architecture for 5G Environments .................................221
Gjorgji Ilievski and Pero Latkoski
PART 2 Machine Learning-Based Communication
and Network Automation
Chapter 6 5G-AIoT Artificial Intelligence of Things: Opportunity and
Challenges .........................................................................................253
Dragorad A. Milovanovic and Vladan Pantovic
v
vi Contents
Chapter 7 Machine Learning-Based Scheduling in 5G/6G
Communication Systems ..................................................................277
M.I. Sheik Mamode and Tulsi Pawan Fowdur
Chapter 8 Application of Deep Learning Techniques to Modulation and
Detection for 5G and beyond Wireless Systems ..............................309
Mussawir A. Hosany
Chapter 9 AI-Based Channel Coding for 5G/6G ...............................................327
Madhavsingh Indoonundon, Tulsi Pawan Fowdur,
Zoran S. Bojkovic, and Dragorad A. Milovanovic
PART 3 Artificial Intelligence towards 6G
Chapter 10 Enabling Technologies and Applications of 5G/6G-Powered
Intelligent Connectivity .....................................................................355
Tulsi Pawan Fowdur, Lavesh Babooram, Madhavsingh
Indoonundon, Anshu P. Murdan, Zoran S. Bojkovic, and
Dragorad A. Milovanovic
Chapter 11 AI-Assisted Extended Reality Toward the 6G Era:
Challenges and Prospective Solutions ..............................................403
Girish Bekaroo and Viraj Dawarka
Chapter 12 An Integrated 5G-IoT Architecture in Smart Grid
Wide-Area Monitoring, Protection, and Control:
Requirements, Opportunities, and Challenges ..................................425
Vladimir Terzija
Chapter 13 Privacy Requirements in a Hyper-Connected World: Data
Innovation vs. Data Protection .........................................................445
Myriah Abela
Chapter 14 Evaluation of Representative 6G Use Cases: Identification of
Functional Requirements and Technology Trends ...........................463
Zoran S. Bojkovic and Dragorad A. Milovanovic
Index ......................................................................................................................481
Foreword
No previous generation of mobile communication has raised so many hopes and
fears as the 5G (fifth generation) wireless systems, conceptualized and standardized
within the last decade. Fortunately, the fears were largely unfounded, while the hopes
are yet to be materialized. As the rollout of 5G is in full swing around the world, we
are anticipating a large-scale demonstration of the transformative power that 5G can
have on various industries and the society.
Perhaps one of the most important innovations brought by 5G is the platform
approach to connectivity, that is, a single standard that can adapt to heterogeneous
connectivity requirements by vastly different use cases. This platform has been
developed along three dimensions: faster and better mobile Internet access, provi-
sion of low latency with high reliability, and support of connectivity for a massive
number of IoT devices. While 5G is being rolled out, there is a significant research
momentum in the academia and industry toward the next generation, 6G wireless
systems. While the detailed concepts are yet to be developed, some contours of the
6G systems start to appear and they reveal that machine learning (ML) and artificial
intelligence (AI) methods will play significant roles in the protocols and the network
architecture of 6G.
This book is a timely and well-structured effort toward elaborating upon the key
ideas and concepts that constitute 5G, the complex interaction among those concepts,
the use of ML/AI toward addressing those interactions, and, finally, how they pave
the way toward 6G. Several of the chapters provide deep technical insights into the
relevant standards and the use cases. This book can be seen as a reference for telecom
professionals, engineers, and practitioners in various vertical domains where 5G is
poised to have an impact and, finally, a basis for student courses in 5G/6G wireless
systems.
Petar Popovski
Professor in Wireless Communications
Aalborg-Ohrid, July 2022
vii

Preface
Generations of mobile communication systems have evolved from the communica-
tion infrastructure to the smart infrastructure of a sustainable society. The fifth gen-
eration (5G) enables faster and better Internet access, faster network response, and
significantly greater connectivity of a large number of devices. The mobile network
includes a list of different requirements, standardized specifications, and a number
of implementation options. The main purpose of the book is to describe in a well-
structured way how AI/ML/DL are applied on different layers of the 5G network
and how the paths to 6G are opened. Our goal is to clearly identify and classify the
application of artificial intelligence on each layer of 5G communication systems and
provide insight into emerging 6G applications. Now, research interest in wireless
communication is transitioning to the next evolution of mobile technology, with a
paradigmatic shift.
The book brings together a collection of chapters dealing with technical require-
ments, opportunities, challenges, and recent results in the development of intelligent
mobile networks. In addition to presenting the basic concepts in 5G communications,
the book describes different levels from physical layer signal processing to applica-
tions, where AI can be applied to 5G. This book is divided into three major parts
and each part contains four to five chapters. Part 1, Advanced 5G Communication,
discusses the development of 5G mobile broadband, broadcast, and ultralow latency
communication, vehicular systems channel modeling, and performance evalua-
tion, as well as an efficient NFV infrastructure. In Part 2, Machine Learning-Based
Communication, exclusive chapters have been dedicated on opportunities and chal-
lenges of integration of artificial intelligence in 5G-IoT, scheduling in 5G/6G sys-
tems, modulation and detection, and channel coding. Part 3, Artificial Intelligence
toward 6G, opens up the major deployment scenarios for 5G/6G-powered intelligent
connectivity, AI-assisted eXtended reality, integrated 5G-IoT architecture in next-
generation smart grid, privacy requirements in hyper-connected world, as well as
evaluation of representative 6G use cases.
The book is written by experts in the field from Europe and Mauritius, who bring
out the intrinsic challenges of 5G multimedia communication. The authors have
introduced blends of scientific and engineering concepts, covering this emerging
wireless communication area. The book can be read cover to cover or selectively in
the areas of the interest for readers. It is a very good reference book for undergradu-
ate students, young researchers, and practitioners in the field of wireless multimedia
communications.
Dragorad A. Milovanovic, Zoran S. Bojkovic, Tulsi Pawan Fowdur
Belgrade-Mauritius, July 2022
ix